I u t lie a u tum n o f th e sam e y e a r h e v is ite d Illaw a r r a fo r th e th ird tim e , an d s t ill la te r in th e y ea r he
ex p lo r ed th e B r isb a n e R iv e r w ith L ie u te n a n t O x ley .
I n 1 8 2 5 a n o th e r e x p ed itio n t o th e nor th -w 'est w a s u n d e r ta k en b y C u n n in g h am . C ro ssin g th e
N e p e a n h e pro c e ed ed t o th e so u th e rn fe ed e r s o f th e H u n te r , an d th e n c e t o th e P an d o ra ’s P a ss,
d e s c en d ed to th e L iv e rp o o l P la in s , an d a sc en d ed th e C am d en V a lle y to la t. 3 0 ° 4 7 ' S ., lo n g . 1 5 0 ° E .
T h e th r e e la s t m o n th s o f th e sam e y e a r w e r e sp e n t in e x am in in g W e llin g to n V a lle y , an d th e six
fo llow in g a t C o x ’s R iv e r an d th e Illaw a r r a d istr ic t.
I n 1 8 2 6 , C u n n in g h am v is it e d N ew Z ea la n d . R e tu r n in g in J a n u a ry , 1 8 2 7 , h e u n d e r to o k th e
c om m a n d o f a n o th e r m o s t a rd u ou s e x p ed itio n , in w h ich h e sk ir te d th e L iv e rp o o l P la in s , c ro ssed th e
P e e l an d D u ra a r c sq R iv e r s , a n d d isco v e r ed D a r lin g D ow n s , in la t . 2 8 ° S ., C um m in g ’s D ow n s , and
P e e l ’s P la in s , a n d a fte r m a k in g v a r io u s d e tou r s, r e tu rn ed to tb e H u n t e r ’s R iv e r , an d th e n c e by a
new r o u te to P a ram a tta aud S y d n e y .
In 1 8 2 7 a n d 1 8 2 8 , C u n n in g h am w as c o lle c tin g a t B a th u r s t an d Illaw a i’ra. I n J u n e 1 8 2 8 , h e
a g a in v is ite d M o r e to n B a y * w ith M r . F ra se r th e c o lo n ia l b o ta n is t , m ad e an e x p ed itio n to M o u n t
L in d sa y , t o th e L im e s to n e s ta t io n in B r em e r R iv e r , d isco v e r ed a n o th e r p a ss across th e m o u n ta in s,
p ro c e ed ed n o r th -w e s t t o H a y ’s P e a k a n d L is te r ’s P e a k , an d r e tu rn ed to B r isb a n e an d S y d n e y .
I n 1 8 2 9 , C u n n in g h am a g a in exp lo r ed th e B lu e M o u n ta in s , an d in M a y o f th e sam e y ea r to o k a
th ird v o y a g e to M o r e to n B a y , r is it e d th e h e a d -w a te r s o f th e B r em e r au d C am p b e ll’s R a n g e , N o r fo lk
I s la n d , an d P h illip I s la n d , an d r e tu rn ed t o S y d n e y . I n D e c em b e r h e r is it e d Illaw a r r a and B r o k en
B a y .
I n Jan u a rjq 1 8 3 1 , C u n n in g h am c ro ssed th e B lu e M o u n ta in s to C o x ’s R iv e r , an d in F eb ru a r y h e
sa iled fo r E n g la n d , w h e r e h e to o k up h is r e sid en c e a t K ew . I n 1 8 3 2 , ow in g to th e d e a th o f Ch arles
F r a se r , th e s itu a t io n o f C o lo n ia l B o ta n is t in N ew S o u th W a le s f e ll v a c a n t ; i t w as offer ed to
C u n n in g h am , b u t h e d e c lin ed in fa v ou r o f h is B r o th e r R ich a rd , w h o r e a ch ed S y d n e y in 1 8 3 3 , and was
m u rd e r ed in jMitchelTs jo u r n e y in 1 8 3 5 . T h e a p p o in tm en t w a s th e r ea fte r a g a in offe red to A lla n
C u n n in g h am , an d b e in g a c c ep ted , h e sa iled for P o r t J a ck so n in 1 8 3 6 . T h e d u tie s ex p e c ted from th e
C o lo n ia l B o ta n is t w e r e h ow ev e r , a t th a t t im e , n e ith e r s c ien tific n o r su c h a s a n y o n e h a v in g th e g o od
o f th e c o lo n y a t h e a r t cou ld c o n s c ie n tio u s ly per form, and C u n n in g h am s o o n r e s ig n ed th e ap p o in tm en t.
I n 1 8 3 8 , C u n n in g h am a g a in v is ite d N ew Z ea la n d , and r e tu rn ed in th e sam e y e a r to S y d n e y .
H is lab ou r s u’e r e now rap id ly d raw in g to a c lo s e ; h is o r ig in a lly r o b u st and lo n g se v e r e ly tr ied c o n s
t itu t io n h a v in g h e en g r a d u a lly u n d e rm in ed d u r in g tw e n ty -tw o yea r s’ in c e s sa n t tr a v e llin g , w as now
fo u n d to h a v e b e en so ir r em ed ia b ly sh a tte r ed in N ew Z ea lan d , th a t h e w as in 1 8 3 9 r e lu c ta n t ly com-
p e lled t o d e c lin e a c c om p a n y in g C ap ta in W ic k h am in h is su rv ey o f th e n o r th -w e s t c o a s t; so o n after
w h ic h h e d ied , in th e B o ta n ic G a rd en , S y d n e y , in J u n e 1 8 3 9 , a t th e ea r ly a g e o f f o r ty -e ig h t.
I h a v e d w e lt a t le n g th u p on A lla n C u n n in g h am ’s b o ta n ic a l tr a v e ls, b e ca u se th e y a r e b y far th e
m o s t c o n tin u o u s an d e x te n s iv e th a t h a v e ev e r b e en per fo rm ed in A u s tr a lia , o r p erh ap s iu a n y o th e r
c o u n tr y . H i s v a s t c o lle c tio n s w e r e , for th e m o s t part, tr a n sm itted t o K ew , w h en c e th e y w e r e tr a n s fer
red t o th e B r it ish M u s e um . A v e r y c om p le te s e t w a s h ow ev e r g iv en to S ir W . H o o k e r , an d h is
ow n p r iv a te h e rb a r ium w a s le ft to h is ea r ly and a tta ch ed fr ien d R . H ew a r d , E s q ., F .L .S . , from w h o se
m em o ir m o s t o f t h e above in fo rm a tio n i s ab r id ged .
C u n n in g h am ’s m o s t im p o r ta n t p u b lish ed w o rk s c o n s is t o f an A p p en d ix to ‘ K in g ’s V o y a g e / and
th e ‘ P ro d rom u s Flor se NovEe-Zelandiaj,’ p u b lish ed in th e ‘ C om p an ion to th e B o ta n ic a l M a g a z in e ’
a n d th e ‘ A n n a ls o f N a tu r a l H is to r y .’ H e a lso w ro te ‘ A S p e c im en o f th e In d ig e n o u s B o ta n y o f th e
* I find in Sturt’s Austraha (vol. i. p. 1 54) that an account of this journey was published in Sydney,
B lu e M o u n ta in s ,’ th e r e su lt o f o b se rv a tio n s m a d e in Oc tob e r , N o v em b e r , a n d D e c em b e r , 1 8 2 2 , p r e p
a r ed iu 1 8 2 3 , and p u b lish ed (1 8 2 5 ) in F ie ld ’s ‘ A u s tr a lia ,’ p. 3 2 3 ; a n d a ‘ J o u r n a l o f a R o u t e from
B a th u r s t t o L iv e r p o o l P la in s in 1 8 2 3 ,’ ib id , p . 1 3 1 .
Cap ta in K in g w a s su c c e ed ed b y C ap ta in W ic k h am , w h o in 1 8 3 7 c om m is s io n e d H .M .S . ‘ B e a g le ’
to ex p lo r e c e r ta in p a r ts o f n o r th -w e s te r n A u s tr a lia , an d th e b e s t ch a n n e ls th r o u g h B a s s ’ au d T o r r e s’
S t r a its . O w in g t o C a p ta in W ic k h am ’s illn e s s th e c om m a n d d ev o lv ed o n C a p ta in J . L o r t S to k e s ,
w h o drew up th e na r ra tiv e o f th e v o y a g e . N o b o ta n is t a c com p an ied tb e E x p e d itio n , n o r i s th e r e in
th e n a r ra tiv e a n y in fo rm a tio n o f im p o r ta n c e o n th e v e g e ta tio n o f th e c o a sts su r v e y e d ; b u t M r . B y n o e ,
th e su r g e o n , m ad e som e v a lu a b le c o lle c t io n s , ch ie fly on D u p u ch I s la n d , th e A b ro lh o s, th e V ic to r ia
R iv e r , B a s s ’ S tr a its , an d in N ew S o u th W a le s , w h ic h ar e pr e se rv ed in S ir W . H o o k e r ’s h e rb a r ium .
T lie ‘ B e a g l e ’ r e tu rn ed t o E n g la n d in 1 8 4 3 .
T h e e s ta b lishm e n t o f P o r t E s s in g to n w a s fo u n d ed in th e y e a r 1 8 3 8 , h y S ir G o rd o n B r em e r .
Mr . M ‘G illiv r a y w a s sta tio n e d a t it fo r som e t im e d u r in g th e E x p e d it io n o f Cap tain B la c kw o o d ; and
M r . A rm s tr o n g , a c o lle c to r s e n t b y K ew G a rd en s, r e sid ed th e r e for sev e ra l y ea r s, an d m a d e im p o r ta n t
c o lle c tio n s , a con sid e rab le p o r tio n o f w h ic h are in S ir W . H o o k e r ’s h erb a r ium .
I n 1 8 4 0 , C ap tain S ir J am e s R o s s v is it e d H o b a r to n iu H .M .S S . ‘ E r eb u s ’ an d ‘ Tei-ror,' a n d sp en t
th e m o n th s o f A u g u s t , S ep tem b e r , au d O c to b e r th e r e , d u r in g w h ich e x te n s iv e c o lle c t io n s w e r e m ad e
b y D r . L y a ll and m y s e lf, in th e D e rw e n t, an d in th e L a k e d is t r ic t o f T a sm a n ia , an d a t P o r t A r th u r .
I n 1 8 4 1 , th e sam e E x p e d itio n r e tu rn ed to H o b a r to n to refit, an d sta y ed th r o u g h M a r ch , Ap r il,
a n d M a y , w h en th e b o ta n is t v is ited th e H u o n R iv e r a n d R ichm o n d d istr ic ts. F r om T a sm a n ia th e
E x p e d it io n p ro c e ed ed t o P o r t J a ck so n , w h e r e a lso a c o n sid e ra b le h e rb a r ium w as fo rm ed , c h ie fly in th e
n e ig h b o u rh o o d o f S y d n e y a n d B o ta n y B a y .
I n 1 8 4 2 ,C ap ta in B la ckw o o d w a s s e n t o u t in H .M .S S . ‘ F l y ’ an d ‘ B r am b le ,’ to m a k e a fu rth er
su r v e y o f th e tr o p ic a l c o a sts o f A u s tr a lia , in w h ich v o y a g e h e u’a s a c com p an ied b y A ir . M ‘Gillivray^
a s N a tu r a lis t . T h e na r ra tiv e o f th e E x p e d it io n was w r itten b y M r . J u k e s (G e o lo g is t to th e E x p e d
it io n ), and co n ta in s n o b o ta n ic a l m a tte r . T h e c o a sts an d isla n d s v is ited b y th e ‘ F ly ’ an d ‘ B r am b le ’
h ad b e en p r e v io u sly exp lo r ed b y C u n n in g h am , an d su b s eq u en tly b y M r . AI‘G illiv r a y , a sk ilfu l n a tu
r a lis t, in H .M .S . ‘ R a t tle sn a k e ,’ w h o se c o lle c t io n s we re s e n t to S ir W . H o o k e r .
I n 1 8 4 7 , H .A I .S . ‘ R a t t le s n a k e ’ w a s f itted o u t b y C ap tain O w en S ta n le y , to d isco v e r o p en in g s
th r o u g h th e Bai-rier R e e fs iu T or re s’ S t r a its , to th e n o r thw a rd o f R a in e I s la n d p a ssa g e , to ex am in e
H a r v e y B a y as a s ite for a n ew s e tt lem e n t , an d to m a k e a g en e r a l su r v e y o f th e L o u is ia d e A r c h ip
e la g o .
A lan y p la c e s w e r e v is ite d b e tw e en S y d n e y , Cape Y o rk , an d P o r t E s s in g to n , an d e x c e lle n t c o lle c tio
n s m ad e a t P o r t C u r tis, R o ck in g h am B a y , P o r t A lo lle , Cap e Y o rk , G o o ld , L iza rd , aud A lo r e tou
W a u d s . T h e E x p e d itio n w a s a c com p an ied b y M r . M 'G iU iv ra y , u p on w h om th e ta sk o f e d it in g th e
na r ra tiv e o f th e v o y a g e d ev o lv ed , ow in g t o th e death o f i t s com m an d e r, in S y d n e y . S ir . M 'G illiv r a y ’s
na r ra tiv e ab ou n d s in in te r e s t in g ob se rv a tio n s on th e v e g e ta t io n o f A u str a lia . A m o n g th e m o st
n o tie e a b le d isco v e r ie s arc, th a t o f a c lum p o f C o c o a -n u ts on F r a n k la n d I s la n d s , w h en c e , n o dou b t,
th e n u t s an d h u sk s w e re w a sh ed t o th e m a in la n d , w h e r e tlie y had e x c ite d tb e cu r io s ity o f Cook, K in g ,
e t c . ; o f C a r y o ta u ren s au d a n a tiv e M u m , o n th e P e n in su la o f Cape Y o rk , and o f th e B a la n o p h o ra
fa n y o s a in R o ck in g h am B a y . T h e au th o r a lso m e n tio n s th e e x is ten c e o f th e P om e g r a n a te o u F itz r o y
Is la n d , w h e r e ( if n o error ex is ts ) i t h a s n o d o u b t h e en p lan ted .
T h e a c co u n t o f S ir . K en n ed y ’s d isa stro u s a ttem p t to p en e tr a te from R o c k in g h am B a y to P o r t
C u r tis is appended to M r . M ‘Gillivr.ay’s work ; i t te rm in a ted in th e m u rd e r o f it s lead e r , an d death .