abort i mck long. broaiUj shertHoK at the base, the rest subrtate. aetimiiiate. vei7 thick and coriaceous, the mar-
gtns obsem-elj. eartUaginous and serralate, bright green. Cafitulum ve rj sinaD, tvhen in llotvcr hidden amongst the
uppermost leaves, on a short, terminal pednncle, ivhich elongates after flowering. I m o lm l m l e s erect, about four
or five, formmg together a subcampamdate cnp, much shorter than the florets, or even than the achenia, MoKen
abort fonr, tbe three outer female, the inner lai-ger, and male, Fertenm o f mole flmvers elavate, fonr-tootlicd, the
teeth large, erect ; o f the female shorter, narrower, tubular, and also cleft, tbe teeth spreading. S tm m u nearly
free, half-exserted. Slyh> aU exserted , ot the male eapitida two-lobed, of the female bifld. Achmim oU larger
than the mvolncral scales, short obovate, tetragonous, with the angles keeled, tnmcated at the brood apex, its coat
coriaceons. to<f broadly ovoid. (Name trom o-Hppos. ImrJ and Xapa, « sm la , i„ aflnsion to the coriaceous
involucral scales.)
Gen. X I I I . C A LO C E PH A L U S , B r .
C a p itu la 3-flora, homogama, in glomerulnm globosum aph jllum dense con g esla . G h m em li a x i! sen
cajMnlorum reeeptaculum ebraoteatnm. In vo lu c ri squamæ floribns snblongiores, scariosoe, obtusoe. CoroUa
tubulosa, 6 -dentata. Achenium obovoideum. F a p pm 1-serialis, setis paucis apice plumoso-pedicellatis.__
Herbæ erectce, p a r c e ramoioe, cam-tomentoioe ; foliis op p o d tie , linearihus, mlegerriruis ; glomernlis term i-
nalihus, sphoeneis.
L Calocephalus lacteus (Less. Synops. 2 7 1 ) ; foliis linearibus acutis obtusisve, glomerulis niveis
oblongis g lob osisve.— rti?. Brongn. Voy. Coq. B o t. t. 6 0 . / . B . ; B C . P ro d r . vi. 1 5 1 . {Gunn, 3 9 4 .)
H a b . Salt-marshes, g rowing witli S a lico rn ia In d ic a ; Launceston, Circular Head, Glenelg Eiver, and
P ortland B ay, Gunn.— {Y \. D e c ., Jan.)
D i s t e i b . South-eastern and South-western Australia.
Root perennial. Stems few, erect, ve iy slender. 1 - 3 feet high, sparingly branched, wliite with appressed down,
as are the leaves. Leaves in scattered pairs, opposite, linear, shaip or blunt, quite entire, 1 inch long. Inflorescence
a spherical or oblong white head, composed o f innmnerable minute, sessile, few-fiowered capitula. Capitula tlu-ee-
flowered, with no bracts or leaves surrounding or subtending them. Involucral scales few, searious, blunt. Flowers
liermaphrodite, all similar. Corolla tubular, five-toothed. Achenia obovoid, witb a scanty pappus of slender haii-s,
which are plumose towards the apex. (Name from koXos. beautiful, and K^ifioXr,, a head; in aUusion to the pretty
snow-white glomeruli o f the inflorescence.)
Gen. X IV . L E U C O PH Y T A , B r .
C a p itu la 3-flora, homogama, in glomerulnm g lobosum bracteis immixtum e t foliolis l-se r ia lib u s
cinctum dense aggregata. Glomeruli a x is sen reeeptaculum angustum, ebracteatum. In vo lu c ri squamæ
su b -1 0 , ovato-oblongæ, subraembranaceæ. Corolla tubulosa, 5-dentata. Antheræ basi setifeife. Ache-
nm m pedicellatum, obovoideum, glandulosum. P a p p i setæ uniserialcs, elongatæ, per totum longitudinem
pîumosæ.— Herbæ su&uticulosæ, tomento appresso in canoe ; foliis a lte rn is, sessilibus, erectis, lin ea rib u s;
glomerulis terminalibus ; rachi conica.
1. Leucophyta Brownei (Less. Synops. 2 7 1 ; DC. Prodr. vi. 1 5 2 ) . {Gunn, 4 3 3 .)
H a b . Seacoast : Georgetown, P o r t Dalrymple, Great Swau P ort and elsewhere on th e northern shores
o f th e Islan d , Gunn, Backhouse, etc.— (El. Jan.)
D i s t e i b . South-eastern Australia, from P o r t L in coln to YVilson’s Promontory.
This is a very variable plant in Tasmania, where however none o f the specimens tliat I have seen equal in size those
from South-western Australia, which hence seem to form a distinct variety. As a genus it appears too closely allied
to Leucophyta, but differs materially in the alternate leaves, and in the glomeruli o f the capitula being subtended by
short leaves, in the bracteæ scattered amongst the capitula, in the numerous involucral scales, in the pedieelled
achenia, and in the longer, more copious, and plumose pappus.— Rather a rigid, much branched herb, 1 -3 feet
high, covered with densely appressed tomentum. Branches slender, divaricating or tortuous. Leaves small, alternate,
appressed, linear, 4 inch long, blunt, covered with silvery tomentum. Glomeruli terminal, spherical, variable
in size, 4 - 4 inch diameter, snow-white. (Name from XiuKos, white, and <j>vrov, a p la n t)
Gen. X V . C R A S P E D IA , P o rst.
Ca p itu la 5 -8 -flo r a , homogama, breviter stipitata, in glomerulum subrotundum bracteis sub quoque
capitulo sitis cinctum a g g r e g a ta ; rachis cylindrica, lanata. Re eeptaculum angustum, margine paleis
hyaliuis onustum. In volu c ri squamæ hyalinæ, ellipticæ. Corolla tubulosa, 5-dentata. Antheræ basi
setiferæ. Stigm a ta inclusa. Achenium oblongum, villosum. P a p p u s l-se r ia lis, setis filiformibus plu-
raosis.— Herbæ basi p eren n es ; caulibus subsimplicibus, apice nudis, l-c eph a lis, b asi p ræ c ip u e f o lio s is ; foliis
a lte rn is, angustis, integerrimis ; glomerulis globosis, J iav is.
A singular genus, generally easily recognized by its herbaceous, simple, erect stems, terminated by a soft ball
o f minute yellow flowers. About ten species are known, o f which the C. fimbriata, Forst., a native of New Zealand,
is the only extra-Australian one ; the species are extremely difficult of discrimination, and I am not sure that
all those I have described as Tasmanian are really distinct.— Herbaceous, stemless plants, with spreading radical
leaves, and single, erect, long scapes, bearing a round, silky, bracteate ball, whicb consists o f m any capitula, crowded
together, and attached by short pedicels to a central axis. Capitula o f five to eight small, yellow, tubular, five-toothed
flowers. Involucre of long, very membranous, transparent, hyaline, linear scales. Receptacle very narrow, bearing
towards the margin slender hyaline scales, scattered amongst the flowers. Fappus o f one row of very feathery
hairs. Anthers terminated below with two tails. Styles included. Achenia hairy. (Name from Kpacvtbov, a
fr in g e ; in allusion to the hairy border o f the leaf of many species.)
1. Craspedia Richea (Cass. D ie t. Sc. N a t . xi. 3 5 3 ) ; parce pilosa, araneo-tomentosa v. glabrata,
foliis radicalibus spathulatis oblongo-lanceolatis lineari-lanceolatis linearibusve, caulinis paucis linearibus,
scapo gracili glabrato.— B C . P ro d r . vi. 1 5 2 . C. glauca e t C. pilosa, Spreng. S y s t. iii. 4 4 1 {fid . B C .
P r o d r ) . C. glauca, L in d l. B o t. Reg. t. 1 9 0 8 . Podosperma pedunculare,_ Reich, in Sieb. Herb. Exsicc.
3 8 4 . Richea glauca, La b . Toy. i. 1 8 7 . t. 1 6 , e t P I . N o v . H o ll. ii. 1 2 3 . {Gunn, 1 1 7 .)
Variat insigniter statura; foliis oblongo-lanceolatis anguste linearibusve, glaberrimis su b tom en to sisv e ;
scapo plus minusve folioso, e t diametro glomeruli.
Var. f l. lin e a r is ; foliis an gu ste linearibus laxe araneo-tomentosis. {Gunn, 1 1 6 0 .)
Var. 7 . g la b r a ta ; cæspitosa, parvula, glabrata v. glaberrima, foliis parvis linearibus. {Gunn, 1 1 5 9 .)
Var. 8 . g r a c ilis ; tota laxe araneo-tomentosa, foliis anguste lineari-lanceolatis lon g e petiolatis, scapo
gracili, involucri squamis purpureo-cinctis. Formis intermediis in C. Richea transire videtur.— Sonder in
Linnæa, x x v . 4 9 3 . C. gracilis. Nob. in Lond. Journ. B o t. vi. 1 1 8 . {Gunn, 8 3 5 .)
H ab . Abundant th roughout the Island, ascending to 4 0 0 0 fe e t.— Y’ar. fl. Western Mountains. Var. 7 .
Marlborough, Gunn. Var. 8 . Middlesex P lains, Gunn.— (El. N o v .-J a n .) {v. «.)
D is t iu b . South-eastern and South-western Australia (New Zealand?). (Cultivated in England.)
A very common and variable plant, of wiiich Mueller has sent a fine suite of extremely dissimilar forms from
Victoria. One o f these so entirely resembles the New Zealand C. fimbriata, Porst., that I cannot but suspect that
aU may prove connected by intermediate forms ivith that most variable species. The var. 7 is a peculiar dwarf
form, with small, glabrous, linear leaves ; it appears to grow in tufts in alpine situations. The smaller size and
slender habit best distinguish tliis species from the following.
2. Craspedia macrocepbala (Hook. B ot. Mag. t. 3 4 1 5 ) ; elata, robusta, \
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