J . Ì V
and its pretty rose or white flowers on short or long pedicels. Gunn has in vain attempted to distinguish two s
amongst its many forms, and recognizes three different states, one a lai-ge one, 5 -6 feet high, straggling amongst
and over other shrubs ; it is very common everywhere : secondly, a smaUer fonn, covering acres, erect and 3 -4
feet high, with spreading branches ; and thirdly, a dwarf variety, erect, but with the branches depressed or prostrate,
forming great patches ou the groimd.— P l a t e XXXI. Fig. 1, portion of branch and leaves ; 2, flower ; 3,
calyx and ovary, e tc .; 4 , petal; 5, stamen; 6, seed; 7, vertical section o f the same ; 8, embrj-o;— a ll n
? Gen. I I I . T E T R A C A R PÆ A , Hook. f l .
Calyx profunde 4 -lo b u s, lob is patentibus, imbricatis. P e ta la 4 , unguiculata, imbricata. Stamina 8,
filam e n tis grac ilib u s; a n th e n s basifixis, lineari-oblongis, locu lis adnatis lateraliter dehiscentibus.
Ova ria 4 , stipitata, e r e cta; s ty lis brevibus, stigmatibus sim p licib u s; o vu lis perplurimis, anatropis, placentis
marginalibus adnexis. Semina perplurima, minima; te sta la x a ; nucleo minimo, albumine carnoso e t o leoso;
embtyone hilo proximo, minimo, late obovoideo v. glob o so .— F ruticulus gla b e rrim u s, erectus ; foliis alte rn is,
e x stip u la tis, p e rsisten tib u s, co ria c e is; floribus in racemos erectos term in a le s d isp o sitis, albis.
1 . T e t r a c a r p æ a T a sm a n i c a (N o b . in Ho ok . I c . P lan t, t . 2 6 4 ) . {Gnnn, 2 9 3 .)
H a b . Subalpine situations, common: Hampshire H ills, sources o f Meander River, Mou n t W e llin g ton ,
e tc., M illig a n , Gunn.— (FI. Jan.) («. v .)
This curious and anomalous little plant has been referred by Enrllicher to Dilleniacea, with which Order it has
certainly many characters in common, perhaps more than with Gunoniacea, but from which it differs remarkably in
habit, in the coriaceous, evergreen, shining foliage, tenninal, racemose inflorescence, quaternary floral whorls, persistent
sepals, loose, membranous testa, oily, fleshy albumen, aud minute, globular embryo ; it is however allied to both
the Dilleniaceæ and Magnoliaceæ in the hypogynous stamens and petals, adnate anthers with lateral dehiscence, and
free, stipitate carpels, which latter are however more like those o f Crassulaceæ than of any other Order. In the
alternate, exstipulate leaves, it differs from Cunoniaceæ, and agrees with Anopterus and Escallonioe, but differs from
these again in the free carpels ; the stnicture and consistence of the albumen and embryo is altogether tbat of
Anopterus.— A small, woody shrub, 6 inches to 1 foot high, with erect, simple, or sparingly branched, sulcate stem.
Leaves alternate, shortly petioled, obovate-oblong or obovate-lanceolate, tapering at the base, blunt or retuse,
equaUy serrate, very coriaceous, deep green and shining, about 1 inch long. Flowers in erect, terminal racemes, whicl
are 1 - 2 inches high, white, -|- inch long. Pedicels slender, with a minute toothed bract at the base. Sepals four
small, united at the base, ovate, spreading. Petals four, erect, obovate, clawed, imbricate. Stamens eight, alter
nate and opposite the petals and o f equal length with them, hypogynous; filaments very slender; anthers linear
oblong, adnate to the filament at the base, blunt, with lateral dehiscence. Ovaries four, Unear-oblong, stipitate
each narrowed into a short style bearing a simple stigma. Ovules very numerous on the ventral suture, anatropous.
Follicles small, erect, d ehiscing in the ventral faces. Seeds very numerous, minute, horizontal, oblong, blunt at both
ends. Testa loose, membranous, almost winged. Albumen very fleshy and oüy. Fmbryo minute, almost globose,
at the base o f the albumen ; radicle next the hilum. (Name from rerpa, fou r, and KapTros, a f ru it.)
N a t . O r d . X X X V I I. ESCALLONIEÆ.
T h is small Order, established by Brown in th e ‘ Appendix to Flinders’ Voyage,’ has, as we ll as Cunoniaceæ,
been usually considered as a section o f Saxifrageæ, and I th in k rightly ; b u t liaving k ep t it up
in the N ew Zealand Flora, I have th ou gh t it better to do so in this W o rk also. I t differs from Saxifrageæ
in the shrubby or arboreous habit, coriaceous foliage, and united styles, and from Cunoniaceæ iu the alternate,
exstipulate leaves and un ited styles. Th e characters o f the foliage are however broken through by
placing Tetracarpæa in Cunoniaceæ, and the absence o f stipule s in B au e ra is a further sign o f the invalidity
o f th ese Orders.
Gen. I . A N O P T E R U S , D a i.
CalycM ta b u s turbinatus, limbi 6 -p a ititi lobis acutis persistentibus. F e ta la 6 , perigyna. Stam in a 6,
cum petabs inserta, usdem alterna ; J ilam en tü crassiusculis, subulatis ; an th e ris cordatis. Ovarium basi
calycis adhærens, cünico-eylindraceum, 1-loonlare; ovulis ad suturas parietales biseriatis, p e n d u lis ; s ty lo
brevissimo, simplici, stigmate bittdo. Capsula oblonga, uniloeulatis, 2-valvis, valvis margine seminiferis.
Semina imbricata, compressa, superne alata. B m ir y o intra albumen carnosum minimus, su b g lob o su s; radicula
supera.— Frutex v . arbor g la b e r r im u s : foliis a lte rn is, lanceolatis, acu tis, obtuse se,Tatis, in pe tio lum
an gu statis, coriaceis, lu e id is ; racemis terminalibus, basi squ am o sis; bracteolis c a iu d s .
1. A n o p t e r u s g la n d u lo s u s (Lab. N o v . H o ll. i. 8 6 . t. 1 1 2 ) .— D C F ro d r. iv. 6 ; H o o k B o t. Mag.
4 3 1 7 . ( ( ? « « , 5 2 4 .)
H a b . Abundant in many, and especiaUy subalpine, parts o f th e Colony, g rowin g in forests ; Port
Arthur, Bcclierclie Bay, Hampshire H ills, e tc .— (Fl. S e p t.-N o v .) [v. v .) (Cultivated in E ngland.)
One o f the most beautiful Tasmanian plants, both from tbe rielmess ot its dark gi-een, glossy toUage, and
abniidance o f drooping racemes o t w hite Sower«. I t nsnally fonns a shrub 6 -1 0 feet high, extremely like Cenarrheim
nitida in general appearance (Gunn) ; but in the Acheron Valley, on the road to Macquanie Harbour, Gumi collected
specimens from trees 3 0 -4 0 feet \iigh.— lea ve s chieSy at the ends ot the branches, spreading, 3 -8 inches long,
lanceolate, acute, tapering to a short petiole, coarsely, bluntly serrate, ve iy coriaceous. Itaeemes terminal, sometime!
pamoied at the base, nodding, 3 -6 inches long, many-Sowered, smTonnded wdth short, imbricate bracts at the base.
Bractlets at tbe base ot the pedicels, deciduous; pedicels i inch long. Mowers wbite, Í inch across. Oakgx ob-
conical at tbe base, with six short, acute, spreading segments. P e ta h six, obovate-oblong. Stamem six, alternate
with the petals ; flam en is subulate, shorter than the petals ; antlusrs cordate. Ovary conical, two-ceUed, with many-
parietal ovules, tapering into a short style and biñd stigma. Capsuhs on spreading, elongated, rigid pédicels, surrounded
at the base with tbe calyx-tube, oue-cened, two-valved; valves recurved. Seeds very numerous, imbricated,
winged. (Name ft-om uvw, upwards, and nrepov, a wing ; in allusion to the ascending wing of the seed.)
N a t . O u d . X X X V I II . UMBELLIFERÆ.
The Australian Vmhelliferx are n o t numerous, b u t very peculiar, chiefly b elon gin g to sections o f the
Order whioh are sparingly found in the northern zone. Ab ou t 1 2 0 species are known, and h alf o f these
are confined to the eastern parts o f the Contment, bn t few are common to both sides, and about 5 0 are
exclusively South-west Australian.
Gen. I . H Y D RO CO TY L E , Tourn.
Fru c tn s a latere plaiio-compressus, biscutatns, ea lje is limbo ti-uncato v. obsolete 5-lobo coronatus;
m erica rp iis evitlatis, ju g is flliformibus, dorsalibus et marginalibus, sæpe obsoletis, intermediis duobus interdum"
aecretis. F e ta la ovala, integra, apice recto.— Herbæ repentes, teu e lla ,: umbcUisp ed u n e id a tis , axilla ribu s,
simplicibus ; involucro oligophyllo.
Tho Australian Hydrocotyks are all slender, creeping marsh-plants, with solitaiy or tnfled petioled leaves at
tho nodes, and solitary, erect peduncles, bearing simple umbels o f very miuute white or greenish f low e r s.-C r fy i-
limb obsolete, or fiTe-lobcd. P e tah flve, gencrafly acute, without au inflexed poiut. Stamens five. Cmpeh didymous,
much laterally compressed, generally with one or more semicii-cular ridges down each face, often enclosing a
small hollow.—About twenty Austi-aliaii species are known, most of them being peculiar to that coiitiuent. (Name
from vZwp, water, and smvkg, a cup; in allusion to the form of the leaf of the European species.)
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