foliis ( |- l-p o llic a r ib u s ) radicalibus p e tiolatis ova to - v. obovato- v . e lliptico-spathulatis coriaceis integr is
grosse crenatisve, scapo 1 - 2 -floro, bracteis paucis oppositis se ssilibus ob lou g is subcrenatis, calycis segmentis
oblongis corollæ tu b um æquantibus, corollæ limbo valde obliquo laciniis inferioribus tu b o æquilongis.__
B en th . in I)C . P ro d r. x . 4 9 3 . {Gnnn, 2 7 7 .)
H a b . N o t uncommon b y alpine rivulets, in shaded places, as on M ou n t YVellington, th e YYQstem
Mountains, e tc .— (F l. D e c ., Jan.)
G en. IX . E U P H R A S IA , L .
C a lyx tu b u lo su s v . campanulatus, 4-fid u s. Corollæ galea late concava, apice 2-loba, lob is la tis patentib
u s ; labium patens, trifidum, lo b is obtusis emarginatisve, palato n on plicato. didynama ; antherarum
locu lis mucronatis. S ty lu s apice subdilatatus. Capsula oblonga, compressa.— Herbæ erectæ,
sæpissime basi ram o sæ ; foliis o p positis, lo b a tis la c in ia tis v e ; floribus in a x illis fo lio rum superiorum subracemosis,
sp ic a tis , ca p ita tisv e .
I have adopted Bentham’s characters for the Tasmanian speeies, wliich he has unravelled with gi-eat skill ; the
multitude of specimens o f varieties and forms sent by Gunn especially, rendered this a very laborious task, whilst on
the other hand it is from very copious materials alone that any conclusions can be aiTived at.— Herbaceous plants,
sometimes erect, branched and shrubby at the base, generally glabrous. Leaves opposite, lobed, toothed, or cut.
Flowers solitary, axillaiy, spiked or subracemose, verj' variable in size in all the speeies. Calyx, tubular or campanulate,
quadrifld. Corolla n'ith an arched, two-lobed upper lip, and three-lobed, spreading lower one. Stamens
didjmaraous, under the arched upper lip. Anthers two-lohed; lobes in the Tasmaman species with a sharp, descending
spur, moi-e or less hairy, especially towards the liue o f dehiscence. Stigma dilated.— Natives of the temperate
and cold regions o f both hemispheres, but the species are nowhere numerous ; more so in Australia, Tasmania,
and New Zealand, than elsewhere; always very variable. The Eui-opean speeies are found to be parasitical
on the roots o f grasses and other herbaceous plants, bnt no observations have been made on the habits o f the
southern ones. There are very few (about three or four) Australian Euphraaiæ that are not also Tasmanian, and
only one o f these is an alpine species, viz. Mueller’s E. aha, from the alps o f Ytictoria. (Name from ev^tpaaia, Joy ;
in allusion to its reputed virtues.)
1. Euphrasia alpina (Br. P rodr. 4 3 6 ) ; cæspitosa, perennis, glabra v . caule bifariam calycibusque
puberulis, caulibus sterilibus brevibus dense foliosis, floralibus pedalibus erectis, foliis d issitis ( 2 lin . longis)
obovato V. ob longo-cuneatis crassiusculis obtusis plerisque apice tricrenatis, spica compacta v . demura inter-
rupta, calycis lob is brevibus obtusissimis v . a cutiusculis, corollæ lobis striatis emarginatis ( 6 - 8 lin . longis)
fauce amplissima.— B en th . in B C . P ro d r . x . 5 5 3 . {Gunn, 2 6 7 .)
Y a t . f l. h um ilis (B en tli. I . e . ) ; ramis 3 -4 -p o llica r ib u s, flore v ix 5 lin. lon g o . {Gunn, 1 2 2 1 .)
Y'ar. 7 . an gu stifo lia (Ben tb . 1. c.) ; floribus plerisque dissitis. {Gunn, 121,9.)
H a b . Abundaut in alpine and subalpine situations. Var. f l. On the mountains, elev. 3 - 4 0 0 0 feet.
Var. 7 . Sides o f Mou n t YY'ellington, etc .— (F l. N o v .-J a n .) {v. v.)
D i s t r i b . L o ftie st alps o f Victoria, Mu e lle r.
A common and very variable species ; glabrous, more or less tufted, in its alpine state growing in small patches,
3 - 4 inches high, with short, conical racemes; in lower gi-ounds taller, with the flowers still crowded; whilst iu the
var. angustifolia, which grows near Hobarton, the stems are 1 2 -1 4 inches long, leaves narrow, and spikes long, witii
distant flowers, thus passing into E. collina.— Stems and calyces glabrous or puberulous. Leaves obovate-oblong,
2 -3 lines long, thick, blunt, two- to flve-toothed towards the apex, erect, patent, or recurved.
2. Euphrasia collina (Br. Prodr. 4 3 6 ) ; annua?, glabra v. ramis elongatis gracillimis uiidiq [ue puberulis,
foliis an gu ste cuneatis sublinearibusve plerisque apice 3 -6 -d e n ta tis sublobatisve obtusis, spica e lon gata,
floribus d issitis, corollæ lob is emarginatis.— B en th . in B C . P r o d r . x . 5 5 3 . {Gunn, 1 2 2 0 .)
H a b . Common on dry, billy situations, Launce ston, N ew No r fo lk , Hobar ton, e tc .— (F l. O c t.) {v. v.)
D i s t r i b . Victoria, Robertson ; N ew South W a le s, M ‘A rth u r.
This, which Bentham remarks is very closely allied to E. alpina, approaches nearest to the vav. 7 of that
species, but appears to he truly annual, and is veiy much more slender and elongated ; it also flowers earlier, but
as it inhabits lower levels, that affords 110 proof of its specific distinctness.— Glabrous or minutely pubei-ulons.
Stems veiy much branched indeed (though small, almost simple specimens occur), very slender, 8 -1 8 inches high.
Leaves 4 - 4 inch long, scattered, linear, obtuse, ivitli recmwed margins, thi’ee- to five-toothed, or sometimes almost
pinnatifidly lobed. Flowers distant, with rather slender tubes, 4—f inch long.
3 . Euphrasia multicaulis (B en th . in DC . Prodr. x . 5 5 3 ) ; perennis, undique puberula, ramosissima,
ramis breviusculis (8 -1 0 -p o llic a r ib u s), foliis (2 - 3 - lin .) parvis obovato- v. oblongo-cuneatis pluri-crenatis,
spica demum elongata, floribus confertis v. d issitis, calycibus brevibus breviter lobatis, corollæ lo b is emarginatis.
{Gunn, 8 6 3 , 2 0 0 , 1 9 9 3 , 1 9 9 4 , 1 9 9 5 .)
H a b . Abundant in many parts o f th e Islan d , and apparently in many soils and situations, bu t preferring
marshy grou n d .— (Fl. N o v .-J a n .)
D i s t r ib . South-we stern Australia ?
I am unable to distinguish the forms collected by Gunn under the above numbers, though one o f tliem (863)
is stated to gi-ow on sand-hills by the sea, and the others in rich moist and mai-shy laud. As a species it (as Bentham
remarks under collina) is very closely allied to E. alpina, nor do I think that it is possible to give any specific
characters that will distinguish all the states of these tbree plants. The E. multicaulis is so common that it cannot
have escaped Brown’s notice, and hence no doubt comes under his E. collina, from whicli it may be distinguished
by its perennial root, extremely numerous, short stems, about 8 inehes high, and much broader leaves. The flowers
vary fr'om purple to white.
4 . Euphrasia scabra (Br. Prodr. 4 3 7 ) ; annua, stricta, pedalis, scabra et g k n d u lo so -p u b e sc en s,
foliis lanceolatis deutato-incisis subpinnatifidisve dentibus obtu siu scu lis, calycis laciniis lineari-lanceolatis
acutiusculis tubo suo longioribus, corollæ flavæ ( 4 -6 - lin .) puberulæ lob is integr is v. v ix retusis, capsula
calyc e longiore.— B en th . in B C . P ro d r . x . 5 5 4 . {Gunn, 1 6 7 .)
I I a b . Abundant about Circular Head, in dry and wet sandy soil, G u n n ; Cheshunt, Arch e r.— (Fl.
D e c ., Jan.)
D is t r ib . South-eastern and S outh-western Australia, from P o r t Jackson to Swan River.
A remarkably distmct species, easily recognized by its rigid habit, scabridity, the incised or pinnatifid leaves,
slender lobes o f the calj'X, and yellowish colour o f the flower; the stems are a span to 16 inches high, the leaves
2 - 6 lines long. YVhen diy the whole plant is of a pale colour.
5 . Euphrasia striata (Br. Prodr. 4 3 6 ) ; humilis, cæspitosa, glanduloso-puberula v. glabrata, caulibus
ascendeutibus brevibus, foliis obovato-cuneatis bracteisque su b p a lm a to -3 -5 -lob is, lob is obtusis, spica
subovata densa, floribus omnibus imbricatis, calycis segmentis acutis glabris puberulisve, corollæ lac iniis
striatis retusis.
H a b . Tasmania, Brow n, L awrenc e (2 1 3 ) ; YYtestern Mountains, Archer.
This ap))cavs to he a ivell-marked species, though most allied to the mountain form of E . alpina. It is probably
perennial, aud grows in dense tufted masses, throwing up ascending floweiing-stems, 3 - 4 inches high.
Leaves 2 - 4 lines long, covered with minute, glandular pubescence, broadly cuneate, coriaceous, 3 -5 -fid at the
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