from oue plant, or in only oue locality, will doubtle ss prove bad species, for M. Mueller’s beautiful colle ctions
have shown us th a t no reliance can be placed on sin g le or a few specimens, and th a t in numerous
eases mauy supposed species are referable to one. O f the known species, about 3 0 0 are peculiar to S ou th eastern
Australia and Tasmania, and 1 7 0 to S outh-western Australia, besides about 4 0 common to both,
and 5 0 tropical sp ecies. A b ou t 5 0 Australian species have be en found in other countries, these being
chiefly tropical In d ian and P olyne sian plants. B y much th e greater proportion o f the Australian Composita
belong to the tribe Sene cionidea, which are twice as numerous as th e A ste ro id ea . O f F em on iea, E upato-
riece, Cyn a rea , E aU a tiflo ra , and CicAoracea, there are extremely few species. Am on g st the latter tribe,
th e presence o f P ic r is hierac ioide s, Sonchus oleraceus, and 8 . asper, all apparently wild (the two former of
which also occur in N ew Zealand) is very remarkable, as is th a t o f S o liva anthemifolia, Br . [8 . acaulis,
P . M u e ll.), which appears to be idejitical with a South American species. Another remarkable feature is
th e number o f peculiar genera b e lo n g in g to the Gnaphaiioid group, many o f them extremely m inute and o f
very curious organization ; th e se abound in S outh-western Austraha, wliich, in this N atural Order, as in
many others, presents a larger proportion o f peculiar genera than any other equally limited portion o f the
earth’s surface.
Tribe I . Asteroideæ, B C .
Gen. I . E U R Y B IA , Cass.
Capitulum multifloram, heterogamum, radiatum, rarius discoideum. Involucrum heraispbæricum v.
campannlatum, squamis multiseriatis. Ree eptaculum convexum, nudum, alveolatum v. papillosum, subflm-
briliiferum. F l. r a d ii 1-seriati, lig u la ti, foe m iu e i; tu b u losi, hermaphroditi, 5 -fid i; antheris breviter
caudatis. Achenium e longatum, costatum, glabrum, glandulosum, v. sericeum. P a p p u s simplex, setis scabris
rigidis, v. duplex se tis exterioribus brevioribus.— Frútices v . arbores; M iis a lte rn is ; capitulis
p a n ic u la tis v e ; disco f la to v . p u rp u reo ; radio albo.
A very fine genus, confined to Au stra lia and New Zealand. The character afforded by th e pappus, as d istin gu
ishing Olearia from Eurybia, is fa r from being well marked. Sometimes th e re are only a few oute r h airs, a t
othe rs many, and I do n ot th in k th a t it affords grounds for even an artificial subdivision o f th e genus. The re are
n o t however in T a smama any of those species of Olearia, w ith large, so hta iy, broad capitula, th a t are found in New
Zealand and South-e a ste rn Australia, and which look so strikingly different from th e commoner forms o f Eurybia.
Ab o u t sixty A u stra lian and Tasmanian are known, and twelve Olea ria ; by far th e greater number o f these
are south-eastern, about a dozen being south-western, and only two o r three tropical. The species vary extremely
in h ab it and general appearance, from heath-like shrubs o r almost herbaceous p lants, to ta ll trees, with broad leaves ;
mo st are scented, often musky. I have however failed in finding any good characters by whicli to divide the
genus in to sections, and those proposed here are very a rbitra ry.— Shrubs, herbs, or trees ^vith alte rna te leaves, and
solitaiy, axillary, o r paniculate capitula. Capitula few- o r many-flowered ; o ute r flowers in one row, rayed, female ;
o f th e disc tu b u la r, five-toothed, hermaphrodite. Involucre imbricated in many series o f rigid, herbaceous scales.
Receptacle convex, broad or ra th e r contracted, pitted , or with a few b ristle s or fimbriæ. Anthers -with sh o rt tails.
Achenium glabrous, pubescent, glandular, or silky, costate, nan-ow. Pappus of one row of rigid, scabrid bristles,
a n d sometimes a few unequal shorte r ones external to th em . (Name, th a t of th e Mother o f the Stars, in Greek
mythology; in allusion to th e numerous flowers.)
§ 1. Large shrubs or trees, with large leaves, three or more inches long, covered below with appressed tomentum.
Capitula fo u r- to ten-flowered, numerous, panicled.
1. Eurybia argophylla (Cass. D ie t, x x x v ii. 487) ; ramulis foliis subtus paniculisque dense appresse
sericeo-tomentosis, foliis petiolatis e lliptico-lanceolatis acuminatis argute inæqualiter dentatis integerrimisve
superne glaberrimis lueidis, paniculis elongatis poiycephalis, capitulis parvis obconicis 8 -1 0 -flo r is , involucre
disco i breviore squamis laxis su b -1 0 linearibus obtusis appresse sericeis, h gu lis tubum corollæ æquantibus,
acheniis parvis glaberrimis sericeisve, pappi setis 1-serialibus subæquahbus fl. disci æquantibus.— DC. P ro J r.
V. 2 6 7 . Aster argophyllus, Z a b . Nov. R o ll. t. 201 ; Sims, B o t. h fa g . t. 1 5 6 3 . {Gunn, 2 2 0 .)
Hab. Common in forests, only in a rich, damp soil, throughout th e Islan d .— (F l. N o v .) (v. v .) (Colonial
name, “ Mu sk-tree.” )
Distrib. Southern borders o f N ew Soutli Wales, A . Cunningham; Cape Otway, Gunn. (Cultivated
in E ngland.)
A tree, 2 0 -2 5 feet, which (as Mr. Archer assm-es me) I have erroneously s ta ted (F l. New Zeald. i. 116)
to a tta in a lofty height, and to he th e largest tree of th e N a tu ra l Ord e r in th e Island. T ru n k sometimes 3 feet in
g irth (Gunn) ; wood hai-d, white, close-grained, tak in g a good polish {Cumiinghani). Leaves 3 -5 inches long, 2^-3rj
broad, elliptic-lanceolate, acuminate, sharply toothed or quite entire ; luider surface, as well as th e petioles, brandies,
and panicles, covered with au appressed silky tomentum. Panicles very much branched, effuse, large and spreading.
Heads .x inch long, obconical, about ten-flowered, white.
2 . Eurybia visco sa (Cass. D ie t, x x x v ii. 4 8 7 ) ; ramis ramulis petiolis paniculisque glaberrimis ju n ioribus
viscidis, foliis lineari-lanceolatis obtnsis integerrimis subtus ai-genteis costa discolore, paniculis poiycephalis
erectis, capitulis angustis paucifloris ( 3 - 6 ) , involucri squamis paucis chartaceis acheniis elongatis
glaberrimis pilosisve brevioribus, pappi setis uniseriatis inæqualibus.— iVei;«, A st. 1 4 6 ; B C . P ro d r. v. 2 6 6 .
Aster viscosus, L a b . Nov. HoU. ii. 5 3 . t. 2 0 3 . Balbisia Caledoniæ, Spireng. S y st. Veg. iii. 5 6 9 , et B.
suffruticosa, B ie tr . {fld . B C .)
Hab. A bundant on the sides o f mountains, especially in the southern parts o f th e C olony.—(F l. De c.)
(«. V.) (Colonial name, “ Dwarf M nsk-tr ee .” )
Distrib. N ew South Wales, A . Cunn.
A small bush, 4 feet high ; th e young shoots, leaves, and panicles very viscid. Leaves shortly petioled, lanceolate
or linear-lanceolate, quite entire, b lu u t ; up p e r surface, as well as th e branches, petioles, and panicles, p e rfectly
glabrous ; un d e r surface white, wdtli a siiveiy, closely appressed tomentum. Panicles as long as th e leaves,
erect, spreading, many-headed. Heads narrow, few-flowercd.~Some New South Wales sta te s Lave much narrower
leaves.
§ 2. Shrubs with shoi-t, broad, very coriaceous leaves, one or more inclines long, covered below with appressed tomentum.
Heads panicled, rarely solitary.
3 . Eurybia erubesceus (DC. Frodr. v. 2 6 7 ) ; ramis strietis robustis, ramulis fohis subtus paniculisque
tomento appresso rufescente dense obtectis, fohis brevipetiolatis valde coriaceis ovatis oblongis
lineari-oblongisve grosse inæqualiter subspinuloso-dentatis superne lueidis r eticulatim venosis, paniculis
foliis longioribus, capitulis sub-15-floris late obconicis, pappi se tis exterioribus brevibus.— Aste r erubes-
cens, Sieb. P I . Exs. 3 8 9 . {Gunn, 6 9 0 .)
Hab. N o t unfrequent throughout the Colony; Hobarton, Middle sex P lains (3 0 0 0 fe e t), Surrey Hills,
Welcome River.— (Fl. N o v .) («. v .)
Distrib. New South Wales and Victoria. (Cultivated iii England.)
An erect, w-oody, robust slinib, with sto u t, s tric t, elongated branches, covered, as are the petioles, leaves beneath,
and panicles, with au appressed, red-brown (rarely wdiite), shining tomentum. Leaves extremely variable in
size an d form, from broadly-ovate to linear-oblong, -^—3 inches long, b u t usually oblong-ovate, and 1 - 1 ^ inch lon^'
very rigid and coriaceous, coamely, unequally toothed, almost spinulose, uppe r surface shining, reticulated. Panicles
longer th an th e leaves. Heads broadly obconic, 4 inch long. Pappus reddish.
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