corolla plerumque obliqua segm en tis inæqualibus, staminibus 2 apice appendiculatis, capsula subglobosa.—
n . iV. Zeal. i. 1 6 0 . Campanula saxicola, B r . P r o d r . 6 6 2 . Strcleskia montana, V o l. in l o n d . J o um B o t
VI. 2 8 6 . {Gunu, 1 1 7 8 .) ( T a b . L X X I .)
H a b . S ummit o f Mou n t W e llin g to n , f t i )w . _ ( T l . Jan.)
D i s t e i b . Mountains o f N ew Zealand.
Tlus IS m many re spe c ts a remarkable p la n t; iu Tasmama it appears to be scarce, and all ray specimens
are very uniform in siae nnd appearance, b e ing 1 - 2 inches high, perfecUy glabrous, with several ra th e r membranous,
hne a r-spa llmla te , h hm t leaves, i - l inch long, an d a slender, naked scape, hearing a small, neai-ly erect or
inclmecl flower, with an oblique, tour-clett coioUa, about A inch across, and fonr stamens, o t which one or two are
fu nm h e tl a t th e to p o f th e an th e r ivith a small claw. I n this sta te it is so imlike V a h la d m j ia g ra c ilu as lo have
misled me a ltogether, bo th as to its affinities and th e Nntaval Order to which i t should have been referred. 1
placed i t among Loheliaccæ, relying e liM y on th e imeqnnl stamens, th e strn e tn re o t th e anthers, nnd th e ohliqne
corolla, a n d I fai-tlier named it in honom- o t my friend Count Strzeiecki, th e eminent Austra lian traveller. When
s tu dying th e New Zealand Campanulacece however, I fonnd th a t a common mountain p lan t o f th a t cou n tiy n ot only
perfectly accorded with Brow n ’s ch aracter o f C. m xatiU,, b n t pre sented almost as many varieties as 0. gracUle itself,
o t wlneh some o t th e caulescent ones passed in to forms o t g ra c ilk , and smaUcr dwa rf ones in to Strcleekia tlm !
eonfirnnng B row n 's observation o t 0. m x a tili,, "pra e e edenti (C. g ra cd i) pi-oxima, a t d istin e la v id e tu r.” Some ot
th e New Zealand to m s have flowers qnite as large as those o t C. g rac ili,, var. vincajiora. and with five extremely
imeqnal lobes ; m othe rs th e corolla is fonr- o r five-clett, a n d perfectly regula r ; th e stamens also v a iy much in the
length o t th e fUament, b re ad th o t its base, au d inequality o f th e a n th e rs ; h u t I do n o t And any so markedly
Lobeliaceons as th e Ta smanian specimens, in which th e two la rge r stamens have broad, cihated bases to th e filam
ents. The p lan t is worthy o t a veiy attentive study, for it is th e most instrnctive I know ot, as proving th e
close afUnity o f Campanulaceoe and Lobeliaeue. an d th e nnmerous deceptive forms th a t species may assume.—
P l a t e L X S I . K g . A , Tasmanian, and B , New Zealand specimens ; K g . 1, 2. and 3, coroUas o t different forms
a nd ages ; i , stamens ; 5, stigma ; 6, ovaiy cut transversely :— a ll magnified.
N a t . O e d . X L V III. ERICEÆ.
Th e replacement o t the Ericece o t all other temperate regions o f the world, by E p a a rid ex in Australia,
IS one o f the m ost singular phenomena in th e geographical distribution o f p la n ts ; and what is even mote
singular, th e few Australian R - ic e x which do ex ist are conflned to th e mountains o f Tasmania, with the
exception o t one o f tbem, which has been rec ently found b y Mueller on th e Australian Alps.
Gen. I . G A U L T H E llIA , L .
Catya; i-S d u s . f t r a a ovata v. urceolata, ore contracto breviter 5-fida, lob is recurvis. Btamiua 1 0 ;
filamenta plana, basi dilatata, hypogyna v. imo corollæ inserta ; antherarum loculi biaristati. Om rium 6-’
loculare, basi g landulis 10 liberis connatisve suffultura. Cap.mla sæpissime calyce baccate inclusa, 5 -lo cn -
laris, lo cuhcide 6-valvis. P la c e n U imo coinmnm adnalæ. Semina an gulata; te sta reticulata.— Prutices
p k rum q u e Im p vd x v . s e lo m ; foliis a lte rn is {ra risdm a op p o sitis), coriacris, s em p e r v ir id iim ; floribns accil-
larchus te rn an aUiu sve , rac emods, r a r iu s so lita r iis , a lU s ; calycibus ia c c a tu , a liis , m i r i , exruleisv e.
GmiUhena is a large genus, abounding in humid, mountainous regions within the tropics, and also found in
temperate North and South America and in New Zealand, bnt not in Europe, nor in Asia north of the Himalaya,
nor m any part of Africa. The few Australian species are confined to the Australian Alps and to Tasmania, and
all are very vannble m stature and foliage. The berried fruit arising from the enlarged calyx is a promiiiont teature
in many species, and mainly distinguishing the genus from Andromeda, Pieris, etc., but is variable in degree ;
and in G. antípoda and others ripe capsular and berried fruit may be found on the same branch.— Rigid, branching,
evergi-een (sometimes prostrate) shrubs, with alternate (rarely opposite), coriaceous, reticulated, often glossy,
toothed or crenate leaves, and often setose branchlets. Flowers axillary or terminal, solitary or in few- or many-
flowered racemes, white, succeeded by dry capsules, which are gencrafly covered with the enlarged, fleshy, quinqnefid
calyx. Corolla ureeolate, with a small five-lobed mouth. Stamens ten, included ; filaments flat, dilated below,
often liaiiy ; anthcr-lobes elongated upwards, where they open by a pore, and are each terminated by two bristles.
Ovarg tivc-celled, sun-ounded at the base by five glands or a ten-lobed disc. Capsule smafl, coriaceous, quite free
or sui-rounded by the persistent calyx, which sometimes becomes fleshy, and forms a berry : when this is the case
the capsule, though enclosed in the calyx, is free except at the point of attachment, splitting down the back o f the
cells. Seeds numerous, minute, attached to placentæ at the base o f eacb cell. The placentæ are united to a central
column, which remains after the valves separate. (Named in honour of M. M. Gautier, a French physician,
who settled in Canada, and wrote a work on the Sugar-Maple.)
1- Gaultheria h ispida (Br. Prodr. i. 5 5 8 ) ; erecta, ramis setoso-hispidis se tis patulis appressisve,
foliis e lliptico-oblongis e longato-lanceolatisve acuminatis serrulatis, racemis terminalibus brevibus, pedúnculo
pubescente, pedic ellis glaberrimis, bracteolis la te ovatis acuminatis brevibus, calycibus baccatis immu-
tatisve .— B C . Pro&r. vii. 5 9 4 ; Uieh . Voy. A s tro l. 8 2 . t. 3 0 . (Gunn, 3 0 5 .)
Hab. Common on th e mountains throughout th e Islan d , e lev. 2 - 4 0 0 0 fe e t.— (F l. D e c .) ( v .v .)
Distrib. South-eastern Australia (elev. 6 0 0 0 fe e t), M u e ller.
A small shrub, 3 -5 feet high, sometimes, in sheltered localities, attaining 8 feet. (Gunn.) Conspicuous in
February for the abundance of its snowj'-wliite wax-like berries, which are said to be extremely beautiful.— Stems
stout, woody, terete, covered with appressed or spreading rigid hairs. Leaves 1 -3 inches long, 1—|- broad, elliptical
oblong or naiTow-lanceolate, veiy coriaceous, acuminate, sharply and finely toothed, shortly petioled, the
petiole and rnidiib setose below. Flowers small, white, in 6-10-floweved, short, generally terminal racemes. P e dnncle
pubescent ; pedicels glabrous, witb three small concave coriaceous bracts at the base, Calgx deeply five-cleft,
usually baccate in fruit, but not always so.
2. Gaultheria lanceolata (Hook. fil. in Lond. Journ. B o t. vi. 2 6 7 ) ; fruticulus pedalis, ramis
ascendentibus fastigiatim ramulosis appresse setosis, foliis anguste lanceolatis acuminatis utrinque glaberrimis
serrulatis, pedunculis solitariis axillaribus brevibus 3 -4 -b ra c teo la tis, bracteolis obtusis, calyce baccato.
(Gunn, 5 1 5 .) (Tab. L X X I I .)
Hab. Summit o f B enlomond, th e Western Mountains, etc ., elev. 4 0 0 0 feet, Gunn.— (Fl. Jan.)
A small species, intermediate in size between G. antípoda, var. depressa, and G. hispida.— Stems woody ;
branches a foot high, covered witb appressed setæ. Leaves perfectly glabrous, 4 -1 inch long, narrow lanceolate,
acuminate, semilate, very thick and coriaceous. Peduncles solitary, stout, shorter than the leaves, bracteolate.
Flowers small, white. Gflfyir baccate, red.— P l a t e LXXII. Fig. 1, flower; 2, corolla, laid open ; 3, stamens ; 4,
ovary and bjqiogynous glands ; 5, fruit :— a ll magnified.
3. Gaultheria antipoda (Forst. Prodr. 1 9 6 ) ; divaricatim ramosa, ramulis pubescenti-tomentosis
e t setulosis, foliis late ovatis oblongis lanceolatisve obtusis crenatis serratisve, floribus 5 -6 -m e r is axillaribus
solitariis breve pedicellatis, pedicello pubescente bracteolato, calyce baccato v. immutato.— R ic k , e t Less.
F l. N . Z eal. 2 1 0 . L 2 8 ; B C . P ro d r . viii. 5 9 4 ; Hook. f i l . F l. N . Z eal. i. 1 6 1 .
Var. 7 . depressa ; fruticulus parvus depressus, foliis parvis late obovatis oblongis eUipticisve crenatis,
calycibus fructiferis valde incrassatis.— Nob. in F l. N . Z eal. I. c. G. depressa, Nob. in Lond, Journ. B o t.
vi. 2 6 7 . (Gunn, 5 1 6 .) (Tab. L X X I I I . A.)
Hab. Var. 7 , summits of Mount Olympus, and of Benlomond, e tc., Gunn, Backhouse, Archer.
Distiub. Lofty mountains o f the Middle Island o f N ew Zealand.
VOL. I . 3 Q