chiefs to drink wine to excess, have' succeeded, to a certain extent, in
corrupting the habits of some individuals in this respect. Two kinds of
fermented liquor are however prepared by the Javans, called bddeU' and
brom; the former fromyrice; the -latter almost; exclusively from kétkn or
glutinous rice. In making badek, the rice previously boiled is: stewed with
a ferment called rdgi, consisting of onions, hlabk pepper, and c&pslëüih',
and mixed up into small cakes, which, are daily sold in the markets. - After
frequent. stirring,-, the mixture is rolled into balls, which are piled üpoii
each other in a high earfchen.vessèl, and when fermentation has commenced
the badek- exudes and is collected - at the: bottom. The: remaining rice;
Strongly impregnated with theiodour of fermentation, has a sweetish taste,
and is daily offered for sale in the markets as a dainty, under- the name of
tagé. Badek is, in comparison with bram, a simple liquor, producing'didy
g i l l intoxication : it is often administered to chiMteii'-tb' dislodge Wonhs
from the intestines. In. making br&m, the kétan is boiled in large , quantitïesi
and being stewed with-rdgi, remains exposed in bpen;tubs tilïfèrmèrïtötïon
takes place, when the liquor is poured off-into close earthen vëssBls. It is
generally buried in the earth for. several-months,-hy'which-thé process* of
fermentation-is checked andthès strengthmf the liquor inCréased -: sometimes
it is concentrated by boding.- The colour is- brown; redt dr yellow,“ aebbrd^
Brom, which has-'béëh^ptësè^veffiför
several years, is. highly esteemed'among the natives,> constituting a:poWerfuI
spirit, lyhieff causes violent intoxtoation followed- by severe foéad'achèSiff
persons-not accustomed to its use.; The substance that jehiMqs':after*sdpa-
ration.is a deadly poison to fowls, dogs, and various -other , animals. 1 Arrack
is prepared by distillation: an inferior kind; made in a male simple and
economical manner, is called ohtu. Both are prepared by the’Ghiriêse, and
a particular account of the method; employed will| be found- utider: another
hc*d.f . A kind of small beer is made at- Séradcêrta in a mode? Siindar to the
European process of = brewing; = by exciting fermentation in-a': solution óf
Javan sugar, with several spices and the leaves; of- the jpari'instead^of hopn.
When fresh, the liquor is sprightly, and1 not-unpleasant to the tkste ; but-if
cannot.beypreserved-longer than four-onfive days. -
T^e;-.use of opiujm; it huist. he confessed and lamented; has- struók dèfep-
into the habits, and extended its malignant influence to the mórals óf;th‘è‘ï
people, and as’likëly to perpetuate its power in degrading their character
- land'
Chap. IV, Manufactures.
andTnefcvating thèrr' energies,’ - as long as the European government, over-
looking every consideration of policy and humanity, shall allow a paltry
addition'^ their finances ^ to outweigh all regard tofthVuftimate happiness
and prosperity è£fihe?cjmntry.‘‘ »It is either eaten in'it’s‘crude'state as mdnta,
or smoked as mddat 'or* chdndu.' In th£ preparation of niadat,' the''crude
ójpïüm is-bdiM down wittrthe leaves of toBad^'&H or the like, and used
in a sticky -hr* somewhat liquid State. -'In chdndu, the opium is merely
boiled1’do^vn without- any admixture, to a still thicker
rolled into-small balls or pills, in which'‘State1,* wliefi dr$y they are inserted
into bambüs-, -and* thiis- smoked. The crude 'opTiiiinL 'isfe’aten1 principally by thèi
people, in fthu interior bf thé cohnt'ry,- in the piioViiicès*df'lhe:native p ie c e s:
ihe: opium prepared Tor smoking is>'usédiJalöngi thé ’ cóast, $fd%ehWaïly in
the other istöifds bf thé Archipelago ;‘'iTds'prepalred-byS CfSiifseV'^The
uSè - of opium, however, ■ though -carriedJ to a' 'co'hWdöhM^èxtént, is' still
reckoned-'disgraceful, and persons a'ifdic’tèd'tó' it^^Pó&fèd^poff'as* abhnl
dqned1 characters, and despised1 accordingly." The effects ‘ó ï' this poison on
the-human'fframe arer so1 wtel‘1'described1 by-'tfté Dutcfi^cbmtnissi'onèrs who
sstt at thy Hagüfe'-'irf 1803,‘rand- whd mitch-to' their hdnóur declared,’ that
“ ho èonsidbrilti'ön óf pecuniary advahiagè '’blight tb weigh’wltfr;,thë Euro-
“ pèan gbverhhlëfit-m allowing its use,”- 'that^t'(5ge1rhe>r;with thé*’ opinion of
Mr.! öogëndorp,' wHb cbncfirrèd with '’thefts'*1/Shall ihserfc- their'Mtéhient
Kérei '^lae' wishftölWjüstlS^b küthofitöes!1; vi^vs'Jweiy so creditable
ïö‘|theila^c8üntTyJarrd.'°thë^i''b'wn cha’ra'cter, kIlÈ!t3 ^fche importancé 'o f their
épiriion tb-'an:-bxtéhsive population, will1 plead an- apdlogyTof*the length of
the extract wtugh I now present^
.fi^'j'jieJ1bpiutn-trade;” ' obseTVfe lhe''CommWsionersf “ ^requires- ’likewise
“■^attention. ; TMeQEngIish in-Bengal .have assdmè'd 'é h 'exc’lusivè? rigllf? to
Jëöllect4the same,**ahd‘ they 'dispose' of ia^cön'sï’dér&tflë nuftbbfi:of -chests
“'hbn’taihing that1 artifcle annually at Calcutta1'b} publréCaPrcÉëii. I f is
<t-rhuch' in’ ;d'e'rtian’d 'on the Mala} cóast,1 'atxSuiiktritj javé,- 'and' all the
“ islands towards the WstXahd11 north,* and pkriiculkrly'ins'Chiha, althdugli
” "the-ttse-*'thereof is confinèd to*!fhe*’lb^ef cli^esi;' effect'' ^hifch? if
“ produces on the cohsiitdfibh ?i‘& MïffêPefiVandrdfepehW^r^thb'rjuantity
“ 'that is -taken, of üóp-qthërJ circumstances'.1 - If-trsfed with* moderation,* it
Causes1'a* pleasant, yéï always5 uftmewhat g** ■ : whtr-R
“ absorbs all care abd' anxlety. " I f a large quantity! is-taken, -if prodhees a
“ kind of madness, of which the ejects are dreadful, especially • when 4Hè