Sugar-cane
forced to meet at the other, oft the principle BP'-a lemömsqtiéekteri'^'The
o i exuding from the interstices of-the basket is caught- on: an - óx’sh id e '
placed below to convey it:ito an earthèn' 'receiver.:
, The jdrak, of palma christipis motivated in nearly-the saWe manner as
maize, and thrives on similar soils P from*, this-plant is obtained^most of the
oil for burning in lamps. -LIn extracting the'oil’from this as 'well' as from the
cocoa-nut, -various processes: are employed, most-of which tend "to accelerate
the rancidity-of the oil. A pure cold-drawn oil is not known. 1 - In theBoèoa-
nut, if the oil is obtained by •expression,- 'thé broken, nuts from -which
made Jape exposed' till putrefaction commfences-.f&Jin other cages- they-are
grated, and water b eing poured’upon J them* ! the<partsimixed yrith'lit fbrm
santen, a white milky fluid, which4s evaporated 'tilUtheoóil' atone remains;
As this process requires much time and fuel,-a moreeöonómical methyl
is oflten-resorted-to: the milky fluid is left exposedjfor> a .-nighty wh'en,/fche
oily parts rise to-the;top,-and1 being separated from,the-water are purified by
a very 'short boiling:' :
Of -the sugar-cane, - or' according -tpitfe native term, têbu (the. namely
which it is designated, not only on-Java, but throughput tbe*/ftcMpèlagb),
there are several varieties. ' -'The -dark purple cane,, whieti’-displays ftfid
greatest luxuriance, and shoots-to the-length oft ten feeV is*the most highly
prized. By the Javans the sugar-cane is only cultivated to beyeatemin an
unprepared state, as a nourishing-sweetmeat. - They-arfe ^acquainted. with
any artificial .method, of expressing from it-the saccharinefuicej -and, icon:
Sequently, with the first material part of the-process-by which manufactured
into sugar. Satisfied with the nourishment or gratifieatiomiwhiGh
they procure from the-plant as nature Jpretents-it, -they1 tèafrgöÖtei icompliu
cated process ,to-be- conducted exclusively By the Chinese.. -
The cane, as in the West Indies, % propagated by cuttings of about a
font and a half long, which are inserted in the ground in an upright direct
tion, -previously to the setting in of-the rains; The Chinese occasionally
pse oil-cake for enriching the lands; but where the-plant is only raised
for consumption in its fresh- state, no manure whatever-^ thought requisite“;
and a good soil, withoftt such preparation,- wilUyield three orifobr crops m
Succession. . , . -f ^
The caue is extensively cultivated-for thé juice-in- the vicinity oftBatavia,
Where there are numerous manufactories, principally owned by the Chinese.
It is also cultivated for this purpose in considerable tracts at Japfrar and Pa.
sérmn,
COFFER. 125
'Sdruath, and -partially, in other1 districts of- the eastern provinces, where
mills ar^e--,ps^abljshed -forpexpr;egsipg jfeh; Previous to the disturbances in
sugarylik,ewi$e w;3S. man ufactureb-Jn that-district in considerable
'quantities, - pnd^qrnibed anb©ppst?mt lartyjgiof export
wlpehjis only known op-Java by.its European appella-
A c o n j a e x i o p ^ i f h European despotism, was first intro-
^e.Dutch e^rly^^the^eighteenthi centoy,., and has since, formed
Qjq%q%the articles, offheir ,exclusiye,m-onpp.0iiy.«f (The labour by which it is
pJin^fl^an ^ itstp ^ fu cp ^ c^ ^ eh , ^.pqiuded-among^e^,oppressions or
^ c e ^ sg ^ fe ^ o f-th p ,natiy.es,'5 and J.tlie?rtie%pry,'qf -it into /the government
1 at linadpqpate -r^tps.', j previously, to,the
year ^ S d jth e iplftvqtiog .qfjqqffea^as pBneipal].y.eQnfiped to jthejSunda
^iS^S-t^^^h^^f^erefjhjUtfcpmparatraely^y^. plarjtatiopsj in, the- eastern
.and, the tprpd^pe ^ w M c h ^ e .^ e , capable yielding, did not
aff9.«fttvtpo^g§-Jputh partfjff the y*Ijple ; but, under the,,administration of
.•^%r§kal-i^g a^8is> ;this sh^pjb usurped the. gpil-nbestined for yielding the
. .!%Sl of cultivation- was' made; sitter
stp,-it?,.andjjthe withering, effects of a government monopoly extended
lfe ^ iB% ^ p e ^ n ^ s^ i3^aye^hroughopt- every province .of, the island.-;-ii
iu^cJS. {Pi^ch family was obliged to-take care of one thou-
^Aifqffee plants ?.and un^thp^ eastern, districts,nyfhere.pew and extensive
^ytcr.ejnow^be^formed,, on soils, atod .in situations in many in*
^pb'^PjAean^baypugahle;to themultivation*ifive/hundred plants was
%JP^eribfi.4,allptm,qnte No negligence^oqld. be .practised in the.execui
t ^ ^ f c d u ^ , t h e ;whole .Operations,-of planting, cleaning,;andf:cob-
-if/iipg.r'fpptin^e^.pp;b§',cop.dqcte4.under the- immediate; sfiperintendance
officers, who selected the,Spot op „which new/gardejts?were to
be^aid^qutwtook lcare!nthatdhpy.twerer preserved from weeds and rank grass,
anffirqq^ygd.-the produce into;<-stpre .when- gathered.- - -
.4-black mould,intermixed'with sand, is,considered- thpibest soil for the
coffee .plant. In selecting, a situation; for the gardens, the .steep declivities
ofmoiintapis^ where the plant would.be endangered either by the too power:
ful beatsof the,gun-, or- an entire.want of it, or.where-,torrents in,tfe .rainy
geasgn.-might wash away thejich earthi-necessary for its growth, are avoided.
The best^ituation for^them is usually.considered to berin the vales/along the
^otpf.the high mountains, or on thogentle declivities of. the low range of
hdls* with Which, the .principal mpuntains are usually, skirted; and I t is
found
Coffee.