298 MILITARY ESTABLISHMENT'.
drawn by the Javans themselves 1>flh eiflown chMctfeV, iA dôfitVàst
with that of-The Dutch, miy serve loühistrite ,fliê hatür'èö'f the mÏÏitèrÿ
Reeling still e^stmff in tim country. « ^ e ^ u t c ^ , ” ƒ aÿ Ihfe^, ’“pa?e sùpeïïbr
« 'to the Javans, ttiï^'hWmdhfaïe ffid
“ they understanA policy better, but h e a t’s the ' JaVSffà
« açe poor simple beings, but they ’ioye'théir cou’nixyand Will nfe^vei' ffùft}i t “‘;
“ their heart dówS and often burns'.”
The phren^géneryiy known by the ferm Vmlc/r dr i^ a ïy h’tfoffier
ftjrjn
tery^ la n d -u n d e r^ mflue^eeofUyiucfi|Sey rush4upon'Me%dtnÿ; 'pm jf rk
a battery, ,in the manner 'of ' a foâprn fionei Thb 4aéc8ms’*óf ’fKb ^rj^cff
the JaVans, ^ r e l l as .óf'the Maiayus^ abound wfth ‘inftan^lk w ‘^afrîors
rhnnine'^QA^-of combatants, giving up âl'nîèkbf^pfês^iîîl'^'tlf& r ^ n
lives,, mshing on the enemy, committing indiscfiminafe slâSghtef?
^surrendering thVmseîyes ^ alive.* 'Even a t^ rep n t, 'tl&re^fe & tfè'?óbri&
Jmong’the Javans men'who profess tp be and are” ihWftefâbfej;
,gnd ther.e are'some^fe by a'^extrous niafiner'jOf r^m n ^ 'jb b !speâr, *Ml
other s(uch 'artifices, ' completely ‘impose u p o n ^Æ o ^ re^Sfô u ^ ijeb b lé .
Nothing is Jso easy as for an^arâul 'man to p e i l d e
.that he possesses supernatural power. At the, present ' day'thi,s; p | ^ p ^ ,
j^nd the artifices pv wfeich it issupported, I r e of ‘^ f e tg |)u s
/nature, but "during the"wars, *every ftufunate chipf WajjjcpüsMered* as pat-
tially yestgjjj witlÿt.^
.The general term for a^soldier h'prajurit : the guards-.of the, so||le|gnÆàfe
,distinguished by the term- tantomo.^ '~Sarajfni is the name^iraa-^nra^e
who carry firearms. ■ Gqndek are IheTmmf^ p^or,
! thg.pr^ers of. the ccmmanders. In' eyery^army there ,'is ascertain number
.called jagafiéte, whose âuty it‘is to prevent" the bo'dy (of thefronps from
in e rtin g , and tosee that every man does his duty. ^ Papatcawan rsTTne
term W'which Æe youths who accompany their fathers ' apd relagjp|Ts~ to
battle are distinguished. o Semût^ gâtât is^ tie'genejal^lem pM,iatJfe'^^nts,
retainers, and followers of jâb, army.. But besides distÿicbo:ji1stio|’i1oSîcfe,
there are others purely of merit and honour: -thôserhare ' eafiedu,mw£ra,f, jgho
are selected, as sùpërîor id ftöir’cômrKdès'% rpérsôn latfd TrttÉüJgtfK Http
::Mfyiïnbpïreng
* "It.is- onthese occasions that the parties frequently increase ' their desperation by the use
of opium.
pramreng are- those- .who have . once, .distinguished .themselyes in battle :
myga&jh, those who sacrifice all other prospects' in life in ordej'to pursue the
.Inye oiarms: tnma-lfaqng,. ,gallant youths; J%ga sura, Those’whose courage
is undisputed- and who keep a good’looli out i j u d i ' j)dtV, those who hazard
their byes m battlejas they would hazard a die in any common game of
chance; literally, who play \yith death:' nirbdya, thpse who'are above a
Sense, of pain ,or .fear '^ÏÊJenS ,°f viciory.1^ This latter term was
chosen by MarshulJDaen&is f o ^ ^ ^ iy ^m i li t ia raised fór' thé service of
\hp. f)uteh.gpvernment dunngbis'administotionl
Tn the Dutch, armies, tfie Javans^wfere considexed'.as inferior to the other
M a t e s : as. soldiers, ' and desertion vihile
serving' on Jaya/ it was.witb great drfficul’fv *tWHi|ey,.couM be disciplined.
Thp men -w e " mvp.nably raised'by ,co ^ c ripl:fom .and'instances have occurred
',pf Their* deserting .by companies. | Under tfie Tpitish,'a corps of about
twelve hundred* men. was raised, .with, ifttie prospect oft advantage for the
first'two years ; b u t by the .perseverance“ ana ability of th e ' officer who
.commandedlhern'‘theyafterwards became' a^ e l f disciplinedcorps,' and on
^all. Qccasftiris behaved themse'lves;with fidelity and courage when called, into
J-tinnr
Mnl/iyus andnther islanders,;' and'as a nation, ”thmr agricmturai habfts haVe
xpnsÜerahl)iobliterated the’military 'character* which dhey' once'possessed.
Xhèir country- however, jparticuWly^in^“the’ mterior^ is naturally very sirbh|,
-full of rayines and fastnesses, and' their" mope of warfare is perhaps the best
o^optod for fts defencp, ■ whole imergres . of^tbe mmm> unitéd
^.nnrlp.r one , chief, with^the 'expedencd wtóch they now Èave'of European
tactics, f t maybe assumed, that tn ^ j^ a a ld 'f ender ïtympregnable tb any
pngn attack, a ^ an ^
J for ilmfrIn dependence. it 'has. their lot, ^théirbistory will shew, to
be ramim^SyUI^isunited) .eithgr,[by _re||||io® bis political feuds. Their
'greatest 'resistance appears^ to have’ beek made against ^European infliience.
They maintain with pride., ihat aUhpugk virtually;, conquered, they sbli^asva
^ nation ai^i~ sa^fe^e. jto
", 2 ' Q"2(' "" "' ’ r a ...H . mid
. ;■* « As to Oheir .military oharacter, it is certain,’ says Plutarch, “ they were able com-
“ manders, bofli by sea and land. But as the cliampious, who in one day gain the garland,
“ not only iii wrestling but in the pancratibn, ■ are' not simply cal'le'd Victors, but by the custom
« of the games, tlie1 Jotvers o f victory; so Cyiuo.n, having crowned Greece with two vjc-
»il^ories gainecralione'day, the one at se^^deser^es^omp preference in the
list [df generals.1’.—Langhome’s Plutarch: Cinum and Lucullus compared.