which the Mach and white variegated fragrrients are c&Weä pdlet. These are
e f various Mnis:i—The aruman, variegated white and black, • is also employed
for canes, handles, and spears,. &c. and-is Very heavy.—Th'e tike, yellöwish,
closed and. marbled,—the ntdrtgu,—the äü dtij—the kfdminan,—\b:e pm w -
Mining and several others, asre employed for the same parpoSes.—The
Jcamtinirtg is of a brownish colour and vdfy fine g r a i n t h e tapumdh resembles
the last arid is Very much e s te em e d th e muni sieMgd affords a reddish
wood.
Among the most extensively useful productions ought not to-be1 forgötteft
the bämbu, or pringi which abounds on Java, and seems, from the greater lux--
uriance And variety by which it is hete distinguished, -to fifid’ the söil- arid
oKmoto lapre ^nngpriial to its growth than those ofanybthe# cbuhtry. It Blossoms
in different parts of.thelsland. The rattans (rStaati)>-oFJava are- on1 the
whole-inferior to jthose ofi Sumatra and Borneo.: the-improved state- Of
cultivation is&unfavourable to their growth and propagation.
Many woods afford excellent' fuel— -The1 charcoal- prepared -from the
kusämbi is equal perhaps to that of- any other wood- With" wliclP^we are
acquainted, and is universally preferred m-'-%ö‘öMrig, "and in-^the btMr
branches of domestic economy. Charcoal, for gunpowder, is- nniforiSty
prepared, fröntthe celtis-oriejitalis, called- ang?grung.- •
Among: the- useful trees- must be noticed: - the- soap- tie#,' 'bf' which qhfe
fruit-is. used to'a very great extent in washing lmewi^-tlaet'kasemaM,! ®ohi
the.hark.öf which is made a varnish’-for-umbrellas i-^the-s&mpahg1,-irömöthh
resin of'which the natives prepare aA-shiniiig varnish- fbr-the wooden sheath's
of krises the cotton tree, from: which a silky Weed is -obt'ained!ifor- Stuffing
pillows and beds :^-the. wax. tree, which thötigh- scäfce 6n *j&VaS, ^itöWS.
abundantly on some parts of Madurai;"1 (the kernel by ei-pihssion produce’s
an, oil, Which some time after becomes hatd-nnd bears a rfeserablarice-to'wax;
it'may be burnt in lamps or convertedinto candles, and Affords an-agreeable'odour)
:—the benddd, a shrub producing the siibstance ofjwhich the
elastic gum, commonly called Indian rubber, is prepared«- The art of
preparing it in this formis however unknown in java. TÄch^S(*areJrifä‘d'e
of it,1for the Use-of those; who search1 for birds’nests-‘in the rocks, and it
serves ifcr, winding round the stick employed to strike musicalinstrumeritfs, as
the gdfiffcd&c. to soften the sound. The ftnnyak kdftion' or niutü is & very-
useful tree, which grows solitary in all, and abundantly ifi- some' parts of
the island, arid produces a kind Of taloW«
Ddmar,
Ddmar or resin, is distinguished by the inhabitants of these countries Resin«,
into two kinds : ddmar*bdtu -or sela, -and fdamar-puti, .comprising .numerous
varieties obtained from different trees. !Nbne of these are, however, produced
on Java. Besides th,p:f^,samd^gn which is -very Jimited as to its
plaeemf growth, the .Candrarm and a peculiar resin employed by the natives
for -varrifehing the wooden Sheaths of their krises, called sdmpang, few*
odoriferous resins are found. The camphor-tree, which abounds on Sumatra
and Borneo, is unknown on ..Java- • The Wridd “(5il7~ distinguished, among
the Malays ;.by the name qf Jcrutping-(whichin Java is applied,to all resinous
or oily-substances’employed 4n the-construction of vessels), is npt a native
of Java,‘ ‘b u tg row s abundantly-on Banka and Sumatra.
jjgm'eqf what are called the'finer kinds of spices, namely, ®the nutmeg, Spices,
clave, and cinnamon, are indigenous, to Java $ but the, ,fe,w. trees which have
been planted -in thesgardens of Europeans have thriven well.: and, from
the natilre'bf -the-soihand climate, -there seems little doubt that the nutmeg
and clove, sia _particifl.ah,'1 ‘htigb’t be- Extensively cultivated throughout the
island, did ;it .suit „the policy of the.European government to admit.'pf their
general introduction. . ' ,
s.j'"TheWine iwas oUce - extensively- cultivated in some <of the eastern provinces The vine,
df the ‘island, in Which the-soil "and1‘climate appear well- calculated for its
growth^; but an apprehension, on the part of the.Dutch East-Indja Company,
th-at ,’xt^ ^iiltiyathy) pin , Java might .interfere with the wine trade of
the ;Cape «of .Good Hope, induced them, .to discourage it, pnd the preparation
■,qf- wine »from: the grape was-strictly* prohibited. Eieutenant-Colonel
Mackenzie, when noticing the vast quantities, of ashes-thrown up from-the
different vc^canos, -makes the) following observation on; "the “ eastern part of
The. spil;.,.of the ./eouptiQr -^ qvidqntty^enriched by tM ja^hjes, and
earth emitted.iby thesejeruptions, and there is reason .to «conclude, what
** persons Well acquainted with the south, of'Europe»assert, *that»the vines
pf .Italy and the’ Cape would thrive iri‘ perfection, in a soil and climate
‘‘ §9 well adapted .to them.”
Among the vegetable productions of Java, none has px.Qitgd more jn- Upas.orpoiso»
terest.than the celebrated dpas, or ppison-tree. Mr. Marsden, rinhiscHis-
tdry'qf ’Sumatra,* has referred to various-concurring authorities* in refutation
of the vefy extraordinary tales told of this'tree $ and, in this general
G 2 . ^ ' 1. . . ‘account