yinces. T h e higheft o f thefe fcholarihips amount to the value o f
fourteen or fifteen pounds per annum. T he ftudents o f Upfala
are riot given to riot and rudenefs, but in general purfue their
ftudies with decency and diligence. This univerfity is not without
juftice accounted the firft feminary o f the North, and has produced
from time to time men eminent in every branch o f the
fciences. T he famous botanical garden is fmall, but laid out with
judgment.
T h e univerfity o f Abo was founded in 1640, by queen Chrif-
tina, and endowed with the fame privileges as that o f Upfala. O f
theology there are three profeffors, and one afliftant profeffor: o f
law, one profelfor: o f medicine, three profeffors, and two afliftant
profeffors: o f philofophy, nine profeffors, and three afliftant profeffors.
In the faculty o f theology there are, befides the profeffors,
two teachers, or magijiri docentes; in that o f philofophy, befides
the profeffors, nine teachers. O f elegant and genteel accompliih-
ments, there arc four profeflors, or artium culiiorutn tnagijlri, viz. a
French mafter, a dancing mafter, a fencing mafter, and a mufic
mafter.
On the Swediih univerfities in general, it is to be obferved,
lft, Tha t the number o f profeffors, afliftant profeffors and teachers,
called magtftri docentes, bears a greater proportion, i f I am not mif-
taken, to the population o f Sweden (which does not exceed three
millions) than that o f any other country in. Europe, to the number
o f its inhabitants. 2dly, That although polemical divinity
and the logics o f Ariftotle, with correfponding and nugatory disputations,
putations, ftill maintain their ground,' yet much o f induftry and
genius are employed in the cultivation o f real fcience, and the pursuit
o f objeds which are o f great importance and utility. 3d. T ha t
a»very proper degree o f eafe and familiarity appears to fubfift be-
-tween thoie who teach and thoie who are tau ght; and that the
former are ever ready and defirous o f conveying information in the
moft perfpicuous and effcdual manner to their auditors: they invite
them to ftate their doubts and difficulties, to put queftions,
and even to name any author they wifh to be explained, or fubjed
they wifh to be difcuffed.* 4 th. It is peculiar, as far as I have
been informed, to the Swediffi univerfities, to admit fencing and
dancing into the number o f the polite or liberal arts. In this the
Swedes are in the right. Both are evidently reducible to principles
and theory, and can therefore claim the title o f art. T h e dignity
o f dancing, which m a y ju ftly b e reckoned among the imitative
arts, as well as mufic and painting, is very ably maintained and
illuftrated by the late celebrated Dr. Adam Smith, in his pofthu-
mous Effays on Philofophical Subjeds. It is obferved by the
Dodor, among other particulars on this fubjed, that the conned-.
* In almoft all the advertifements in the annual catalogue we meet with fuch
declarations on the part of the profeflors as thefe : “ Privatim ea tractabit qu«
“ ftudiis auditorum convenerint”— “ Privatam operam auditorum deflderiis ac-
“ commodabit”— “ Nec non deflderiis commilitonum in caeteris ftudii hiftorici
“ locis ut potent, privatim fatisfaciet”— “ In explicatione facri alicujus libri
“ hiftorici, quem adpetierint auditores, ftudiofe juventuti infervire conabitur”—
“ Auctorem Graecum, quem defideraverint futuri auditores, explicabit”— “ Che-
“ miam docens, deflderiis hon. commilitonum, omni, qua poteft, diligentiá et
“ fidelitate, fuam accommodabit operam,” icc. &c.
X 2 ing