The Kingdom I Rural Districts
Ao-a 11______ ' -II
Towns Kristiania
I ! Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females
0 • 100,000 100,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000
1 89,508 91,026 9,067 9,108 8,728 8,812 8,254 8,498
5 81,874 83,394 8,391 8,522 7,674 7,770 ’ 6,963 .7,171
10 78,828 80,160 ,8,101 8,215 7,306 7,393 6,557 6,726
15 . 77,056 78,197 7,920 8,020 7,136 7,192 6,405 6,521
20 J 74,619 76,093 7,682 7,807 6,898 6,986 6,229 6,367
30 l y 67,943 71,021. 7,063 7,297 6,277 -6,601 5,728 6,001
40 |fl62,662 65,216 6,581 6,727 5,681 5,904 5,224 5,505
50 B i ü ü H 69,370 6,034 6,159 4,969 5,279' 4,543 4,985
60 1948,405 51,972 5,218 5,424 4,012 4,512 3,560 4,224
70 ¡135,315 39,522 3,884 4,158 2,638 3,314 2,153 3,084
80 m 16,732 20,639 1,880 2,206 1,113- 1,605 820 " 1*422
90 III! 2,695 3,816 .290 423/ 116 236 86 203
100 46 80 J 6
n 1 3 1 2
In no other land, with the exception of Sweden of quite
recent years, can so long an average life-time be shown as in
Norway. For the years 1881 j 890, the average life-time in our
country is calculated at 49.94 years for both sexes together (as
against 50.02 in Sweden); separately for men 48.73, and for
women 51.21 years.
I t may be added, by way of comparison, that Italians, during
the years 1876—1887, only attained an average age of 35Vi years.
At the age of 50 in Norway, a man had still 23.08 years of life to
live, a woman 24.45, and men and women together on an average
23.76; while an Italian who had attained the age of 50, had only
19Vs years more in prospect.
IMMIGRATION AND EMIGRATION.
As there is nb obligation to foreigners settling in the country
to report themselves to the authorities, it is difficult to obtain
reliable information as to the annual immigration. On the subject
of immigration from Sweden, whence comes the largest proportion
of immigrants to Norway, there is, however, a certain amount of
information obtainable from Swedish statistics, showing that immigration
to Norway from Sweden during the years 1881—1890
amounted to 1347 persons annually, as against 1634 during the
previous 10 years. In the case of other countries, we are reduced
to conclusions that may be drawn from the declarations as to
place of birth in the censuses. The subject is treated of above.
I t will there be seen that immigration from other countries than
Sweden is comparatively trifling. The increase of the foreign element
in Norway during the last few decades, is also mainly due to the
excess of emigration to Norway from her above-named sister country.
With regard to emigration, it may be expedient to distinguish
between emigration to European-countries, and transatlantic emigration.
Particulars as to the former are very incomplete, and it
is only indirectly, by the aid of information contained in the
censuses o f the various countries, concerning those in their enumeration
who are Norwegians by birth, that the extent of emigration
can be guessed. Sweden, however, in this respect also, forms an
exception, as she gives in her population-statistics annual statements
relative to the immigration from Norway. ' From these it
appears that during the years 1881*1890, 6315 persons emigrated
from Norway to Sweden. This shows a ve'rj great increase from
the previous 10 years, when the entire number of Norwegian emigrants
to Sweden was 2835 persons. The total number of Norwegian-
born persons settled in Sweden on the 31st Deb: 1890, was 6287,
in Denmark on the 1st Feb. 1890, 3385, while in addition to these,
rather more than8000 persons, including Norwegian seamen on foreign,
but not on Norwegian, ships, were resident in European countries.
I t has been already mentioned that in the course of the
present century, Norway, by her American emigration, has lost a
comparatively larger portion of her population than any other
country in Europe, with the • exception of Ireland, The majority
of the emigrants have shaped their course to the United States,
selecting especially several of the north-western states for their
future home. Large parts of these states, particularly Minnesota,
Wisconsin, Illinois and Iowa are occupied by settlements of Norw
e g ia n sT h e total number of Norwegians in the United States
on the 1st June 1890, according to the American census, amounted
to 322,665 persons.
Besides t,o America, some Norwegians have emigrated to
Australia since, the middle of the sixties. During the years
1871—1875, there were about 1500 persons, while since 1880, the
number has been quite small. Their destination has been chiefly
South Australia, Yictoria and New Zealand. Some have also settled
in the Sandwich Isles. The total number of Norwegians in