large whaling establishments are set up for hunting the rorquals that
appear off the coast in the summer, fe- the humpback (Megaptera
hoops), the ibbalds rorqual (Balcenoptera sibbaldii), the Sibbald’s
Eudolphi’s rorqual (B. borealis) and the common rorqual (B. museulus).
The last-named is a regular visitor to our south and west coasts
during the great herring-fisheries in the winter. In former times
the rightwhale of the Atlantic, the nord-caper (Fubalana biseay-
ensis), was hunted off Finmarken. The smallest of the fin-backed
whales, the lesser rorqual (Balcenoptera rostrata), is the object of a
strange chase with bow and arrows, on the coast at Bergen, a
method of hunting, whose employment dates from at le a st, the
10th century.
In most towns, and also in several of the rural districts,
societies have been formed for the protection of animals. The
oldest of these is in Kristiania, and was founded in 1859. The
societies seek to forward their object by articles in the daily papers,
and pamphlets. I t is especially desired to awaken young people’s
interest in, and love for animals. In addition to this work, the
societies see that ill-treatment of animals is denounced and punished.
Some of the larger societies distribute prizes for the specially
careful treatment of domestic animals. Besides these societies,
there are several-«May Societies», whose special aim it is to protect
our little summer visitors, the insectivorous birds.
BIBLIOGRAPHY.
O. F. M u lle b , Zoologia Danica. Copenhagen 1781.
M. Saks, D. C. D an x e ls sen & J. KobEn, Fauna littoralis Norvegm. Kristi-
ania 1846—77.
Den not'ske Nordhavsexpedition. Kristiania 1880 ff.
M. Sabs, Oversigt over Norges Echinodermer. Kristiania 1861.
G. O. Sabs, Bidrag til kundskaben ■ om Nqrges arktiske fauna. I. Mollusca
regionis arcticce Norvegice. Kristiania 1878.
G. O. Sabs, A n account o f the Crustacea o f Norway. Kristiania 1896 f£.
J o h a n Kx®b, Oversigt over Norges Ascidice simplices. Kristiania 1893.
O la f Bidenkap, Systematisk oversigt over Norges Annulata Polycfiaeta. Kristiania
1894.
J. H. S. Siebke, Enumeratio insectorum Norvegicorum. Kristiania 1874—80.
R. C o l l e t t , Oversigt over Norges Araneider. Kristiania 1876—76, and several
works on the vertebrates.
ANTHROPOLOGY
By far the greater part of the population of Norway belongs to
the Germanic race, Northmen in the proper sense of the word.
In addition to these, there is a small proportion of Finno-Ugrian
origin - I Lapps and Finns (Va %).
The first comprehensive anthropological investigation of Norwegians
—- as of several other nations^H was made during the
American civil war. The following measurements for the troops of
the Northern States are given according to B a x t e r :
Nationality Number Height
cm.
Breadth of Çhest
cm.
American . . . . . 365,670 171.9 84.9
N o rw e g ia n ..................... 2,290 ' 171.4 87.2
Swedish . . . . . . § -¿ 1 9 0 169.9 1 87.2
Scotch . . . . . . . 3,476 170.3 \85.9
Irish . . . . . 50,537 169,6 8518
E n g l i s h ..................... 16,186 169.1 •84.8
German . . . . . . 34,996 169.0 86.1
French . .. . , . 9 3,243 168.3 85.8
The Norwegians prove to be the tallest of all Europeans, but
come after the Americans (and Indians). In breadth of chest they
are excelled by none.
We find information on the subject of other anthropological
characteristics in G o u l d . All Scandinavians are classed together,
but the difference between them is not very considerable, and more
than half of those examined were Norwegians. The figures may