seen entirely in the open air. One of Werenskiold’s most beautiful
landscapes, with most feeling in it, is « Sommeraften » (Summer
Evening) (1893). As a portrait-painter, W erenskiold is unsurpassed
in Norwegian art with regard to thorough work, striking likeness
and forcible characterisation ; and although he is no born colourist,
his portraits are of high artistic excellence. We will here mention
his portraits of Bjornstjerne Bjomson, Erika Nissen, Erederik Collett,
Fridtjof Nansen, and above all, Henrik Ibsejj. Werenskiold has
gained still greater renown as a draughtsman. The highest achievement
of his art is the illustrations to Norwegian fairy-tales. Of
late years, he and one or two other Norwegian artists have been
engaged in illustrating Snorre Sturlason’s Norwegian Royal Sagas.
C h r i s t i a n K r o h g (born 1852) had passed his law examinations
before be went to Carlsruhe, where, and at Berlin, he studied under
the earnest realist and figure-painter, Gussow. In Berlin, his
friendly intercourse with Max Klinger, who was at that time in
the middle of his realistic period, was of special significance for
Krohg whose subsequent theories of art were probably influenced
by his friend’s pessimistic social philosophy. Later on, in Paris,
he was forcibly attracted by the realistic current of the eighties,
and, at about the same time as the other artists, returned to Nor-
way. Impressionism for him was not merely a new view of art,
but an actual new artistic -form resting on new social, ethical and
religious theories. Art was to have a social aim in the struggle
with poverty and injustice, with hypocritical social laws and a
morality that was at enmity with happiness. The portraying*
of reality came therefore to some extent to be placed at the
service of the tendency, • e.g. in «Daggry» (Dawn), «Besoget
hos doktoren» (Visit to the Doctor), «Kampen_ for tilvserelsen»
(Struggle for Existence) and «Albertine». This theory of art was
defended by Krohg and his companions-in-arms with an uncompromising
scorn of existing conditions, and an impulse to manifest
it in acts, that aroused the wrath of the good citizens and a
fierce mental fermentation among the youthful members of the
community. This was especially the case when Krohg, in a large
picture and a little book, both bearing the name of «Albertine»,
had set himself the task of giving an unvarnished account of the
seduction of a poor Kristiania girl, and the brutality of police-
protected prostitution. After this, Krohg devoted himself entirely
to art. Only during the last few years has he resumed his literary Werenskiold: Portrait o f Henrik Ibsen, Phot, by Veering.