of the government schools has a board of management consisting
of the headmaster of the school and 4 members, one of whom is
chosen by the Department, and three by the Municipal Council.
This board has to watch over everything that can serve to promote
the interests of the school, to nominate to vacant teacherships, to
administer the funds and receipts of the school, etc. In many
places, the School Board forms the board of management for the
municipal secondary schools.
Teachers. In order to be appointed to a permanent teachership
in the secondary school, it is generally required that the aspirant
shall have passed one of the theoretical teachers'1 examinations at
the University — the language-history or the mathematical-natural
science. Er. 15,000 has been voted annually of late years for
travelling studentships for teachers at the secondary schools, a
third of that sum being an extraordinary grant on the occasion
of the new law. The courses mentioned in connection with the
primary school, for teachers in gymnastics, sloid, etc., are also
intended for teachers in the secondary schools. For the latter
especially, holiday courses have been held the last two or three
years, at the University, to enable them to meet the increased
requirements of the new law. A reform in the training of teachers,
chiefly with a view to furnish future teachers with more practical
experience, is at hand.
The principals of the government schools (rektorer). and the
other permanent teachers (second masters, «overlserere», and assistant
masters, «adjunkter») - are appointed by the king, and are
government officers. The rector’s salary is 4600 kr. + 400 kr.
f 400 kr. after 5 .and 10 years’ service, as- well as house. The
two oldest rectors also receive a further - addition of 400 kr. A
second master’s salary is 3200 kr. (with 3 rises of 400 kr.), and
an assistant master’s salary is 2200 kr. with 3 rises' (400 kr.,
300 kr., 300 kr.) after 3, 6, and 9 years’ service. The principals and
permanent teachers of municipal secondary schools supported by
government, are appointed by the Department. When their salary
is fixed by the Municipal Council at a sum that is not lower than
that of the rectors, second masters and assistant masters in the
government schools, they are designated in the same manner.
Years of service as rector, second master or assistant master are
counted the same, whether they are passed in government schools
or in municipal schools whose teachers are appointed by the Department.
Service in private schools with examination rights is
also reckoned in part towards the attainment of increased salary
on appointment in the government or municipal schools.
Statistics. The number of government schools amounted, in the
school-year 1899—1900, to 14, which all, besides middelskole,
also have gymnasium. The number of municipal and private
schools that have received the right of holding leaving examinations
with the same effect as the government schools, amounts
respectively to 42 (3 of them in the country) and 28. During the
school-year, there have thus been 84 secondary schools at work.
Two of the municipal schools, and 4 of the private schools have
gymnasium as well as middelskole. A private .Latin gymnasium
is attached to one of the government schools. The government
schools and most of the municipal schools are intended for the
common instruction of boys and girls. ' Sixteen of the , 28 private
schools are exclusively for girls, the remainder, some for mixed
schools, some for boys only.
The municipalities have to provide the government schools
with premises, school plant, apparatus, lighting and heating. The
rest of the expenses are met by the government grants, the school
fees, and, in a few cases, by the schools’ private means. Thirty-
nine of the 42 municipal gchools are supported by government
grants. The grant amounts to x/s of the total of the teachers’
salaries, and all the additional amounts for long service. The
rest of the expenses are covered by the school fees and municipal
grants.
In the school-year 1896—-97, the most recent of which the
statistics have been worked up, all the secondary schools together
had 15,729 pupils divided among 847 classes, with 613 masters
and 4Q9 governesses. In the above-mentioned year, however, a
preparatory school was still attached to most of the middelskoler,
and these were still 6-years courses. In 1899, 347 pupils went
up for the examen artium, 47 of them being girls, and 20.03 for
the middelskole examination, 775 of them being girls.
The education of each child in the government schools in the year
1896—97, cost 282 kr., and in the municipal middelskoler, 124 kr.
In 1875—76, the same expenses were respectively kr. 227.60 and
kr. 128,40. In 1895, the total expenses of the government schools
amounted to kr. 738,312, 36.0% of this being covered by the
school fees, 41.6 %. by government grants, 6.7 % by municipal