occupation. They are in Kristiania, Bergen and Trondhjem. The
school in Trondhjem is divided into 4 sections, viz. engineering,
architecture, machinery and chemistry. The school in Kristiania
has only the last 3 of these divisions, and the school in Bergen
only the last 2. The school-course in Kristiania and Trondhjem is
4 years, in Bergen 3. To obtain admission to any of the schools,
the applicant must have passed the middelskole examination,'
which is generally done at the age of 15. In the school-year
1898—94, the number of pupils in these schools was respectively
196, 83 and 153, 432 in all, and the number of teachers respectively
23, 12 and 21, 56 in all. The schools are municipal, but are under
the supervision of the Ecclesiastical and Educational Department.
The municipalities provide the premises and school-plant, and furnish
(after subtraction of the school fees S 100 kr. per annum
per head —) Vs of the sum required to meet the expenses, the
state furnishing the remaining 8/s. For 1898—99, the expenses at
the three schools were respectively about kr. 85,000, kr. 40,000
and kr. 79,000, plus the cost of the premises and plant, about
13,500 kr. for all schools.
In the present school-year, 1899—1900, there are 14 technical
night schools. The object of these schools is to give the technical
information and proficiency most necessary for handicrafts and
other similar industries. For admission to the school, it is required
that the applicant shall have completed his 14th year, and can
read and write and understand addition, subtraction, multiplication
and division of whole numbers and fractions. The course is 3 years.
In most of the schools, the school-year lasts 8 months, with 2 hours’
instruction on each of the first 5 working-days in the week. In
the school-year 189’l||-98, there where 13 technical night schools,
with a total of 2443 pupils and 239 teachers. The school fees
amount to from 2 to 5 kr. a year. The arrangement with regard
to the supervision and the division of the expenses between the
state and the municipality is the same as for the technical schools. ,
In 1897—98, the expenses of'the technical night schools amounted
to about 111,000 kr.
In Kristiania, there is also a technical elementary day school
with the same object as the technical night schools. The course
is 6 months, with 6 hours’ daily instruction, and a 2 months’
supplementary course. In 1898—99, the school had 46 pupils,
and 6 teachers. The expenses amounted to about 18,000 kr.
The state further supports a mechanical school in Porsgrund,
a school for wood and metal industries in Bergen, a technical
school for mechanics at Horten, intended especially for future pupils
in the naval mechanical workshop, and the mechanics’ corps, and
some engineering schools.
In February of 1900, a government bill was brought before
the Storthing for the erection of a technical high school.
The Moyal Art and Industrial School in Kristiania was founded
in 1818. According to the arrangements of 1888 now in force,
the object of the school is to train artists and mechanics and
teachers in the special subjects of the school. At the school,
which is managed by a director, and has 13 second masters,
5 under, and a few assistant masters, instruction is given in freehand
drawing, construction, ornament, modelling, architectural
drawing, special drawing for handicrafts, and decorative painting.
Lectures are also given in perspective, statics, arithmetic and
geometry. No one is admitted as a pupil before having completed
his 14th year. The day school (8 months’ course) was attended,
in 1898—99, by 284 pupils, distributed among 8 classes. The
evening school (also 8 months’ course), in the same year was
attended by 871 pupils, distributed among 17 classes, 8 of which
were parallel. Ninety-seven of the day-school pupils, and 54 of
the, evening school, were women. The expenses of the school in
1898—99 were 81,253 kr., of which 53,285 kr. were furnished by
the state, 20,000 by the Kristiania municipality, and the rest by.
school fees.
In 1899, there were -14 public drawing schools or night
schools outside Kristiania. They are chiefly intended for mechanics’
apprentices. The government grant to these schools is
contingent upon the providing of premises and fittings by the
municipalities, and the contribution by them of an amount equal
to that contributed by the state. The number of pupils is from
40 to 90 in each school.
Industries and Handicrafts Schools. In the preseilt school-
year, 1899—1900, there are 9 female industrial schools supported
by government, 5 municipal and 4 private. The most important
of these is the Female Industrial—school in Kristiania, where plain
sewing, dressmaking (some tailoring), weaving and fine needlework
are taught. The course lasts 1 year, although there are also
courses of shorter duration. In the school-year 18.98—99, there