ORCHIDS OF THE SIKKIM-HI MALAYA,
IF
apical lobe of the same coloiu- with bold irregular red markings. Tlie anther and top
of the coluiun are red, the base -wliite.
Pi-vTE m.-Pogonin Soottii, Eoiohb. fil. Plower- and leaf-bearing plants, of „oiw^d Fig 1
a flower, 2 part of rocliis, stalked OTory, md Hp, w.« from the Mo, 3 Hp spread out, + ovoxy, column
witli anther in «"¿IF, 5 anther, C poUinia; all cnlargod.
73. Corysanthes, R. Brown.
Very small, terrestrial, l-leaved, 1-flowci-ed herbs. Leaf cordate or sub-orbicular.
Fhivcn large. Sepah uoequal; the dorsal large, concavo, concealing and arcliiug over
tiie column, tho lateral paii- filiform. Fetah filiform like the lateral sepals, or absent.
Lip largo, erect, courohite round the column, its base usually witJi two short spui-s; its
apical lobe free, expanded, and with dentate or fimbriate margins. Colimm short, crect,
2-wing.>d at the apex. Antliar ercct; pollinia oblong, fi-ee, or sessUe on the rostellum.
Stigma large. Cap&uh crect, on an elongate pcdicel.
Tliis genus is mainly Australasian; thirtesa species being natives of Australia, New Zaaland and
Samoa, vliile five ai-e ilnlayan. Tiie flower is remarkable for the great development of the dorsal sepal
tlxe kternl seprJs heuig flliform; the petals also are either very smnll or, as in the present instance,
dtogather absaat. "UatU the discovery of the species described beloiv, no species oi Corysmtlm bod been
tnown to grow farther north than the central mountain range of Perai in Uie Malay Pejinsula.
CoBYSANTQES HIIIALIICA, King and. Paiitling in Jom-n. As. Soc. Beug.,
Vol. LXV, Pt. 2, 128.
Height of tho entire plant S or 3 inches; the tuber -25 to -35 in. in diam.,
depressed-globose, haiiy. Stem glabrous, with a single convolute sheath near its base.
Lm/ solitary, -3 to -o in. long, sessile just under the flower, concave, cordate, acute,
sometimes apiculate, green in colour, tlie midrib and nei-ves thickened and white. Fioiver
solitary, -6 in. long; the iraei linear-lanceolate, slightly longer than the thick sessile
ovary. Dorsal sepal oblanceolate, blunt, concave, arching over tho column and the basal
half of tiie lip; lateral pair short, filiform, "bifurcate, lying between the two spm-s of the
lip. Fefak none. ¿¿p oblong, longer than the dorsal sepal, dcflexed from about the
middle; the basal portion convolute, with two short cylindr-ic straight spurs at the base;
the anterior half broadly ovate, concave, with unequally denticulate margins, the apex
bluut. Column short, stout; stigma orbicular; anthir erect.
Sikkim, at Lam-teng in the Lachen Valley, at an elevation of 9,000 feet, on a moist
vertical rock; in flower in July; Pantling No. 38-^.
The dorsal sepal and lip arc transparent and have rich dark pui-ple markings. The
nearest ally of this is Corysanthis muoronata, Blume, a native of high mountains in Jara.
PLiTE ^'il.—Corytanihes himalaica. King and Pantling. Four plaats in various stages ; of mturul sizi.
Fig. 1 leaf, bract, ovary, and flower, in half profile, 2 apes of ovary, column, stigma and empty anther,
•i the foregoing in profi/a, 4 dorsal sepal flattened oat—all enlarged, 5 tuber ; of miural size
74. Cephalanthera, Eichard.
Tcn-estrial aphyllous herbs with tuberous roots, or leafy and with fibrous roots.
Leaves (when present) sessile, plicate. Flowers in spikes or raccmes, sub-erect. Scjyals
and pctah sub-sirailar, free, connivent. Lip shorter than and concealed by tho sepals
and petals, adnate to tho base of the column, tho basal half concavo or saccate and
embracing the column, the anterior half short and ribbed. Column semi-cylindric ; the
rostellum short or almost obsolete. Anther erect; polUnia two, bipartite. Stigma anticous.
Capsule ercct. Distrib—North temperate regions; about 10 species.
CEPIIALANTHEEA ENSIFOLIA, Rich. Orchid. Annot., 29.
Stem green, .6 to 18 in. long, rising from a tliin creeping rhizome. Leaves lanceolate
or ovate-lanceolate, conduplicate, increasing in length and decreasing in breadth
from below upwards, 2 to 4 in. long and -4 to 1'25 in. broad according to the
position on the stem. Peduncle 1 to 1*5 in. long. Raceme glabrous, longer tiian the
peduncle, 8- to 20-flowered. Fhwers from -45 to -6 in. long; floral Iract ovate-lanceolate,
acuminate, shorter than tho ovary. Ovary shortly-stalked, sub-cylindiic, lengthening with
age. Sepah ovate-lanceolate, acute. Fetak slightly smaller, elliptic, obtuse. Lip oblong,
distinctly divided by an oblique narrow sinus into a hypoclulo and epicliile; the
former convolute, slightly ribbed; the latter concave, boldly 3- or 4-ribbcd. Co;umn long,
terete. FolUnia linear-oblong, grooved, in pairs. Lindl. Gen. and Spec. Orchid 412 ; in
Jouxn. Linn. Soc. I, 172, 175 ; Boiss. Fl. Orient. V, 85 ; Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. VI,
125. C. Xypliophyllum, Reichb. Ic. Fl. Germ. XHI, t. 470. C. acuvmata, Lindl. in
•VVall. Cat. 7405; Gen. and Spec. Orch. 412; "Wight Ic., t. 1721; Decne ia Jacquem.
Voy. Bot. 164, t. 164.
Silddm; near Gnatong, elevation about 12,000 feet; in flower duiing Jul y and August;
Pantling No. 304. Distrib. along the whole Himalayan rango at suitable elevations fi-om
Bhotau to Kashmir. Distrib. also in Western Siberia, Affghanistan, Eui-ope, Northern
Africa. The flowers arc white, the lip having a few yellow markings.
PLATE Z%-2.—C'phalanthei-a cnsifoUa, A, Eicli. A plant, of natural sisn. Fig. 1 apes of ovary
and flower, seen from the side, 2 floral bract, ovary, column and lip, dcoii from the side, 3 Hp, 4 apes
of ovary, column and antbei", 5 anther, 6 poUinia; all snlnrged.
75. Epipaotis, Adans.
Terrestiial herbs with green leaves and fibrous roots. Leaves sessile, plicate. Flowers
racemose, dj-'Ooping, floral Iraet elongate and often leafy. Sepals and petals broadly
lanceolate, acuminate, strongly-nerved. Lip adnate to tho base of the column, distinctly
divided into hypochile and epichile; tho hypocliile strongly dcflexed, concave or saccate,
jointed to tho epichile at a right angle, both entire. Column short; stigma large,
anticous; rostolhun broad, promineut. Anther erect, obtuse, its cells contiguous; poUinia
two, bipartite, very narrow. Species about 10, Northern Temperate Hemisphei-e.
Sepals glabrous; hypoohile globular-saccate, epichile broadly cordate . . I. E. latifolia.
Sepals piihesceut exlorually; hypochile ti-ough-shaped, epichile lanceolate . E. coiuimilii.
1. EriPACTis LATIFOLIA. All. Fl. Pedem., II, 152.
•^Vhole plant 12 to 86 inches high. Stem slender, glabrous in the lower part,
puberulous in the upper like the peduncle and raceme. Leaves broadly elliptic,
occasionally sub-orbicular or ovate-lanceolate, many-nerved, acute, glabrous, but thw