Samos, Darius’ expedition to reinstate Sy-
loson on the throne of, 178
S&msun, port, and trade of, 595 (and A p p
e n d i x N )
San’a, Himyari, inscriptions near, 81, 82
-i and inscriptions from M&reb, 83
Sanfim Jebel, near the site of Teredon, 355
Sanc’ha-dwipa, the last place to which the
name of Cush was applied, 46
Sandarion proposes to Aurelian the surrender
of Palmyra, 429
— — murdered at Palmyra, 430
Sandracottus opposes the advance of Se-
leucus beyond the Indus, 397
Sangala, or Sakala, capital of the Cathaei
of India, 330, 331
now the ruins of Haripa, 331
Saru-Khan, a Seljukian district, 497
Sanpoo, or Brahmapootra, sources of the,
369
Sanscrit, the, Pehlavi, and Greek, from one
root, 84-86
Sapan Tagh, the ten thousand Greeks pass,
228
Sapor I. succeeds Artaxerxes on the throne
of Persia, 423
■—— captures Antioch, defeats the Romans
near Edessa, and takes Valerian prisoner,
424
—— lays waste Mesopotamia, 425
, indignity offered, to Odenatus by, 425
■----- , campaign of the Romans and Palmyreans
under Odenatus against, 425, 426 -•---- succeeded by Hormisdas, 430
|----- J I ., wars between Constantius and',
430—433
, Julian’s invasion of Persia in the reign
of, 433-439
——, the Romans under Julian and Jovian
retreat before, 439,440
Saracens, or Sharkeyn, people so called, 76
, or Hagarenes, Trajan’s expedition
against the, 420
—— , Moors and Arabs, so called, 456
Saracus (see Chinilidanus), 151
Sarah, or Iscah, wife of Abraham, death of,
70
Saranga country, and Nearchus’ fleet, 346
Sardanapalus, supposed to have been Esar-
haddon, 146
—— founded Anchialus, 269
Sardinia conquered by the Arabs, 457
Sardis burnt by Aristagoras, 182
, the winter quarters of Xerxes’ army
before the invasion of Greece; 192
, advance of Cyrus from, 205 -•----, distance of Thapsacus from, computed,
207
—r— and its treasure surrendered to Alexander,
265
temple of Jupiter erected at, by Alexander,
268
taken by Antiochus the Great, 403
Sardochseus (vide Sassduchinus), 146
Saree, formerly named Sadracarta, 305
Sargon, of Isaiah (see Sennacherib), 141
Sarmatians, the, descended from Gomer, 44
Sarmatians, the, invade the Roman provinces
in Europe, 424
Sar-puli-Zohab, once Calah, built by Nim-
rud, 24 (and n o t e )
Sarus, now the Saihiin, crossed by Cyrus,
probably near Add-ndh, 210, 211
Sasanian remains at Shdpur, 607, 618
Sassduchinus, or Nabuchodonosor, son of
Esarhaddon, carries the king of Judah
captive to Babylon, 146
succeeds Esarhaddon, 146
conquers Phraartes, and takes Ecbatana,
146-148
march of the army of, under Holofernes,
to Cilicia, 149-151
succeeded by Chinilidanus, 151
Satibarzanes invades the territory of the
Indi, 308
is defeated and slain, 308
, one of the satraps who caused the
death of Darius, 304
pardoned by Alexander, and sent to
his seat of government with distinction,
306
, the treacherous conduct of, towards
Alexander, 306
is deserted by his followers and flies
from his capital, 306
Saturn, the Cronus of the Greeks, 58
Saul, accession of, 119
, wars and death of, 119, 120
Scandinavians, the, supposed descendants of
the Trojans, 512
Scharbabil, a king of the Himyarites, 80
Sclavonians, the, descended from Japhet, 83
, the, and trade along the Black and
Caspian seas, 582
Scott, Michael, a pupil of the school of
Toledo, translates Aristotle and other
works, 562, 563
Sculpture derived by the Greeks from
Egypt, 516
-----, architecture, &c., of I’ran3 604
of the ancient Persians, 621
Sculptures, and other remains, found at
Khorsabad and Nimrud, 136; 137 ( n o t e )
, connexion of with the history of Assyria,
136
Scuthai, the Cushites, so called, 37
Scylax despatched by Darius to navigate
the Indus, 180 -•----, the voyage of, furnished additional
knowledge of the east, 340
Scythia invaded by Darius Hystaspes, 180, 181
Scythian invasions of Media and Assyria, 152
wars with the Parthians, 405
Scythians, the, descended from Magog, 44
—:—, the, conquered by Sesostris, 108, 109 -•----, the, invade Persia and slaughter the
Magi, 183
defeated by Darius’ son, 186
r-— , or Scythinians, march of the ten thousand
Greeks through the country of the,
232
send an embassy to Alexander in
Sogdiana, 313
Scythians, the, of Asia, called Abii, 313
——. and Sogdians revolt and occupy their
strongholds, 313
W *- submit to Alexander, 314
, Borani, invade the Roman territories
in Asia, 424
of Herodotus, or Mongols, 487
affinity of, to the American language
and people, 509
----- , early conquests of, their frugality and
martial spirit, 510
, spread of, to Egypt, 511
——— the Kimmerians and Celts spread into
Europe, 511, 512
worshipped Orpheus and Linus, 518
mentioned in the inscriptions at Persepolis
( A p p e n d i x B and C . )
Sebaste captured by the Romans under
Balista, 426
Secchoo, or Lingtee, tributary of the Indus,
369
Seetzen and Himyari inscriptions, 81
Sefid, K a V e h y defile, represents the Uxian
pass and the Persian gates, 299, 300
Sefid, Kal’ah, taken by Tai'mur, 493
Sehwan, once Sindomana, 371
Seleucia, afterwards Antiochia Margiana,
and now Merw-el-Rud on the riverMurgh-
ab, 317, 318
afterwards Alexandria in Margiana,
317
Seleucia, the port of Antioch, constructed by
Seleucus, 399
(on the Tigris) built by Seleucus, 399
-——, and Surena’s triumph at, 412
- ■ ■ taken by the.Romans under Severus, 421
-—-, tunnel of, 614
Seleucidae, period of the commencement of
i the, 390
Seleucus, governor of Babylonia, Eumenes
advances against, 382
; and Antigonus are defeated by Eumenes
in Susiana, 383, 384
combines with Ptolemy, &c., against
Antigonus, 389 ■ flies from Babylon on the approach of
Antigonus, 389 -•---- , on the defeat of Demetrius, resumes
his government of Babylonia, 390
commences the era of the Seleucidae,
390
■ proclaims himself king, 392
extends his territory to India, and
returns to Babylonia, 396, 397
-— - defeats Antigonus at the battle of
Ipsus, in Cappadocia, 397
, extent of the territory of, after Antigonus’
death, 398 ■ ----- resigns his queen and a part of his
empire to his son, 399
—— , cities built by, 399
is assassinated by Ptolomy Ceraunus,
399
, character of, 399
—— Callinicus’ invades Parthia, 402 * -----Ceraunus succeeded by Antiochus the
Great, 402
Seleucus Philopater successor , of Antiochus
in Parthia, 404
Selgse, Alexander forms an alliance with
the, 267
Seljukian dynasty, rise and progress of the,
470
, separated into four kingdoms, 473
, divided into several districts, 497
, conquests by Murad, 498
Seljukians expelled from Karamania by the
Turks, 499
Selim I. reigns over the Turks, 500
II., his canal between the Don and the
Wolga, 501
Semiramis, wife of Menon, Ninus marries,
115 -
, greatness of, after Ninus’ death, 115
— , conquests,'* and public works of, 115,
116, 118
».... ., founds the city of Shemiramgerd, 116
——, remains found near lake Van, relating
to, 116
, inscriptions at Bisutun relative to, 116,
117
, Bisutun identified as the Mount Ba-
. ghistane of, 117
advances to the frontiers of India, 118
"—— resigns the throne in favour of her son
Ninyas, 118
II., the queen or mother of Nabo-
nassar, 139
— works carried on at Babylon by, 139,
140
, successors of, 140
-, the, canal cut by, facilitated the diversion
of the river Euphrates at» the capture
of Babylon, 166
encounters the fleet of Strabrotatus on
the Indus, 576
Senegal river, Carthaginian voyage to the,
190
Sennacherib, son and successor of Shalmaneser,
overthrows Elibus, king of Babylon,
and places his son Esar-Haddon on
the throne of Babylon, 141
— - overthrows the Greeks, 141
, the first invasion of Judea by, 142
, the army of, destroyed before Jerusalem,
142
j ■, Berossus’ and Eusebius’ account of the
death of, 142,143
, Egyptian account of the destruction
of, by Herodotus, 143
Serpent, the, an emblem of the sun, and
worshipped in Phoenicia and Chaldea, 20
• and the sun, besides the signs of the
zodiac, are supposed to have been represented
on the dome of the tower of Babel,
26
Sepphoris, or El Buttauf, plains of, 479
Septuagint version of the Old Testament
emanated from the library at Alexandria,
399
Sepulchral excavations near Charmalik and
Narsis, 610-612
Ser&f trade of, to China, 577
Serdaubs of Persia, 625