Empires, early, spread over Assyria, Babylonia,
Arabia, and Central Asia, &c., 539
Enemessar (see Shalmaneser), 140
England trades in woollens, 588
exports to and imports from Constantinople
to, in 1839 and 1840 ( .A p p e n d i x F . )
English commerce in 1354 compared with
1845, 593
Engraving practised before the flood, 20
Eniautus, or Heliacal year, 12
Enmishpat, or Kadesh, 66
Enoch promoted the study of astronomy and
astrology, 9
apocryphal book of, 23
Enoch, or Hanock, the first walled city, 9
Ephesus, Aristagoras defeated by Darius’s
forces, near, 182
•, the temple of, rebuilt and endowed
by Alexander, 265
, retreat of Demetrius after the battle
of Ipsus, to, 398
taken by Ta’imur, 495
Ephori of Lacedaemon send their fleet to
join Cyrus, 204
Epigoni, Asiatic corps in Alexander’s army,
359—363
Epiphanius’ account of Abraham’s convert
sion, &c., 63
Epirus, the place of Olympia’s banishment,
383
Epyaxa, the army reviewed before, at Tyria-
cum, 208
leaves Cyrus at Barathra, 209
Erech, now the mound of El ’Assayah, 24
( n o t e )
-—- , supposed to have been built by Nimrud,
24 ( n o t e )
- , the A’rcaa of the Hebrews, and the
city of the Ark, 24 ( n o t e )
, a temple to the moon existed at, ,25
( n o t e )
Erigyius, one of Alexander's generals, 305
Ertoghrul, father of ’Osman, the founder of
the Turkish empire, 498
Erythrean Sea, or Persian Gulf, 5 ( n o t e )
Erythreans, or Phoenicians, early trade of,
578
Erzi, Al, ruins probably represent Corsote,
214
Erzingdn besieged by Bajazet, 495
Esal, or Osal, once the capital of Havilah,
51
, from Usal, the sixth son of Joktan,
51
Esar-Haddon, or Asadanius, son of Sennacherib,
141
ascends the throne of Assyria, 145
| probably the Artacus of Ctesias, 145
• invades Syria, Palestine, and Egypt,
145
supposed to be Sardanapulus, 146
| succeeded by his son Saosduchinus,
Es1au46’s descendants people part of Arabi• a, 76
| i | remove to Mount Seir, 76
1 intermix with the Amalekites,
Amorites, &c., 76
Eschata, or Extreme city, built by Alexander,
314
Esdras permitted by Ahasuerus to return
and rebuild the Temple of Jerusalem,
199
Esquimaux boats, 641
Estcourt, Lieut.-Colonel, M.P., report on
the navigation of the Euphrates ( A p p
e n d i x L . )
Esther raised by Ahasuerus to the throne,
199
Etymander, or Helmand, Alexander at the,
307
Ethiopia, Asiatic, position of, 33
, called the Gountry of the straighthaired,
33
, derivation of the word, 37, 38
———, or Habache, Habesh, spread of the
Hamites towards Egypt from, 47, 48
, Tirhakah, king of, leads ah army
to assist the Jews against Sennacherib, 142
, destruction of Cambyses’ army when
marching towards, 174
Ethiopic language of Habashi, a Shemitic
language, 84
Euaspla (apparently the Lundye river),
crossed by Alexander’s army, 320
Eulseus, Alexander’s fleet descends the,
from Susa, 360, 361
, the, considered as the K&nin Proper,
361
Eumenes, secretary of Alexander, arranges
the government of the empire after Alexander’s
death, 380
appointed governor of Cappadocia,
381
defeats Craterus and Neoptolemus, 381
. ■ .■>, fidelity of, 382
is defeated by Antigonus, 382
retires beyond the Euphrates, 382
marches against the satrap of Babylonia,
382
defeats Antigonus in Susiana, 383, 384
again defeats Antigonus, and marches
through the Pylse Persicse to Persepolis,
384-386
is delivered up to Antigonus, and put
to death, 388
Euphrates, or Cumudvate, 45
, Cyrus changes the course of the, 166
, facility of diverting the river, 166
crossed by Cyrus’ army, 213
, or Murdd-chdi, forded by the 10,000
Greeks, 228, 229
the, crossed by Alexander at Thap-
sacus, 285
—— Alexander’s fleet reaches Babylon by
the river, 364
, the navigation of the, projected by
Alexander, 366
, Alexander descends the, and ascends
the Pallacopas to Arabia, 367
, fleet collected by Alexander on the, 368
, Eumenes crosses the, 382
, the, crossed by Antiochus the Great,
403
, the, crossed by Crassus, 407, 409
Euphrates, the, Trajan’s descent of, 419
, Trajan transports his vessels to the
Tigris from the, 419
, the, in Adrian’s reign, the boundary
of the Roman empire, 421
, Severus’ fleet pass along the Nahr
Malka into the Tigris, from the, 421
, Julian’s army and fleet descend the
Tigris from the, 434
, the, probably crossed by Julian, near
Jibbah, 436 (and n o t e )
, the recrossed by Julian’s army, 436
, Julian’s fleet sail along the Nahr
Malk& into the Tigris from the, 438
-----, the crossed by Chosroes I., 443, 444
—— , Chosroes I., in retreating from the
Romans, on an elephant, crosses the, 444
visited by travellers and merchants, 535
, Napoleon’s proposed descent of the,
536
, early trade with India, China, Arabia,
and Africa, 578
, reports on the navigation of, 600 (and
A p p e n d i c e s I . to J Y . )
, ascent of, 600 ( A p p e n d i x N . )
t i k w p Expedition connected with commerce,
600 ( P r e f a c e , also A p p e n d i x N . )
, mercantile and other advantages of the,
601,602
, route and time, to England, 601 (and
A p p e n d i c e s I . to N . )
, Tigris and Kerkhah rivers, navigation
of, 602
Euphratesia, or Comagene, Chosroes I.
marches to, 444
Euphratesiana, the Persians defeated by the
Palmyreans under Odenatus at, 426
Europe peopled by Japhet’s posterity, 43
, and intercourse with Arabia and Asia,
459, 472
" *• civilization based on that of Asia, 505,
506
| and colonies to, from Asia, 511, 512,
514
European trade with the Arabs, and with
Asia, 584, 585
Eurydice is put to death by Olympias, 383
Eurymedon, river, the Greeks defeat Arta-
xerxes’ forces at the, 200 •
Euxine Sea, the, is discovered by the 10,000
Greeks from Mount Theches, 232
Evagoras’ rebellion in Cyprus suppressed by
Artaxerxes, 247
Evechius, or Nimrud the Cushite, the first
of the Chaldean kings, 55
Evergetae, or Ariaspse, situation of the district
of the, 307
Evil-Merodach, son and successor of Nebuchadnezzar,
releases Jehoiachim from
captivity, 161
causes hostilities between the Medes
and Persians, 161, 162
assassinated by Neriglissar, 162
, the Evil-Maradach of Berossus, and
Iloarudun of Ptolemy, 161
Exactions, mercantile, at Mosul, 595 ( A p p
e n d i x E . )
Excavations at, Beles and Bir, 610
in Assyria and Persia, 607
, one class of, with exterior structures
and inscriptions, 617
Exports and imports from 1839 to 1840
between Constantinople and England
( A p p e n d i x F . )
* from Constantinople to Persia from
1839 to 1840 ( d i t t o . )
and imports from Bengal to the gulfs
of Persia and Arabia ( A p p e n d i x H . )
------------ from and to Madras and Bombay
( d i t t o )
Ezekiel carried among the hostages to Babylon,
155
Factories of the East India Company, removal
of, 594
Farj-el-Hind, or Basrah, trade to India,
577
Faroun, Wâdi, on the route of the Israelites,
99
Fârs invaded by Taïmur, 493
, or Persis, 230,299
, trade from, to India, 577
, a commercial country, 5.81
Farsang, or farsakh of Persia, value of the
ancient and modern, 207
Fateh Jang, vessel found near the village of
’Ali-âbâd, 373
Fâtimah, the wife o f’Ali, 456
Fatimites, and termination of their dynasty
in Egypt, 476, 477
Feleïli branch of the Indus, 372
Feliijah, remains of the Median wall near,
221
Fénik (Phoenica), the 10,000 Greeks reach
the village of, 226
Fergânab, Alexander wounded by the mountaineers
of the district of, 312
——, the Sogdians retire to their strongholds
in, 313
, commercial route through, 572
Ferhad, chamber of, 607
Feridün or Arbaces subjects India, 133
Ferry-boat of the Aras, 644
of Bir, and manner of crossing, 644
Fililein mountain, near Godol, 233
Finduk, the 10,000 Greeks cross the highlands
of, 226
Finiusa and the Scythians emigrated to
Shinar, 510
Fire not an- object of worship by the Babylonians,
171
a symbol of the deity among the Magi,
185
Fire temple near Ispahan, 608, 609
Firmâns of the Medes and Persians on barrel
shaped bricks, 177
, Cyrus’s, for the rebuilding of Jerusalem,
177
of baked clay, 629
encourages learning, 510
Firuz-Sapor, or Anbar, probably occupies
the site of Perisaboras, 438
ruins of Tell ’Akhar answer the situation
of, 438