Celts, their names, government, and religion,
512, 513
Cements of various kinds, 625-627
of the Persians, 627
used by Shapur, 627
Centrites, or Buhtim CMi, passed by the
10,000 Greeks, 226, 227
Ceramorum Agora (market of the Cramians),
site of, 206
Cerasus (or Kerasunt) reached by the Greeks,
235
Ceres, temple of, and'defeat at Platsea, 196
and Isis, ceremonies of, based on those
of Egypt, 518 .
Cerne island, Carthaginian colonies on, 190
Certes, Cape, or Ras Jerd, passed by Near-
chus’ fleet, 353
Certus, or Arcles, the last sovereign of the
shepherds, 112
led the Shepherds into Phoenicia, 112
Ceylon, or Taprobana, port of, 576
Chaala, JElius Gallus at, 415
Chain bridges used in China, 651
Chalanne,or Calneh, on the river KMbur, 24
, ruins of, 610
Chalcis probably the Challeorus of Judith,
151
.___ , plundered by the Persians, 443
Chaldea (or Chasdim) extent of, 53, 55
| -wickedness of the inhabitants of, before
* the flood, 3
, Pherecydes studies in Egypt and, 520
Chaldean creed, 20
images had Shemitic names, 59
. mercenaries oppose the Greeks at the
Centrites, 226
districts in the neighbourhood ot the
Centrites, 226 ( n o t e )
Chaldeans, the, spoke Arabie, and the same
people as the Syrians or Assyrians of
'Irak Arabi, 31, 37, 52 _
(Shemitic) in the steppes of Mesopotamia,
53 .
. ____, the Shemites, also the Sabean followers
of Cush were called, 53
. different applications of the name, 53
f the, considered as tribes, as a priest
class, and as a nation, 54
5 Evechius, or Nimrud, the first king of
’the Chasdim or Cushite, 55
: | the Beni Khaled represent the Shemitic,
55
. jj the name generally applied to a caste,
56
, the most ancient Babylonians called, 56
———, customs of, resemble those of the
Egyptian priests, 56
, philosophy of the, 56
.-----■, astronomy of the, 57
, the, first divided the day into twelve
parts, 57
, Sabaism of the, 57
names for the planets among the, 58
ideas of the, regarding comets, &c., 58
| supposed influence of the planets
among the, 58, 59
Chaldeans, image worship among the, 59
more advanced than the Egyptians in
the time of Abraham, 65
, of Strabo, or Chalybeans, 231
a leading branch of the Syro-Arabian
race, 509
, early knowledge of the, 509
and the Trinity, 541
Chaldee a Shemitic language, 84
spoken by Abraham till his departure
from Haran, 85
\ the root of the . Arabic and Hebrew,
85, 86
, Hebrew, Syriac, and Phoenician characters
similar, 629
Chaldees, U’r of the, three sites of, 37
Chalybeans, march of the 10,000 through
the country of the, 231
, the Chaldeans of Strabo, 231
—— , country of the, probably a part of the
district of Tchildir, 231
Chalybes, the Greeks march through the
territory of the, 237
Chalus (or Chalib), Cyrus reaches the river,
212
, the, abounds in fish, 213
Cham, son of Noah, and father of ASgyptus
or Mizraim, 45
Chamitce, Chaldeans of Colchis or Djani,
afterwards called, 35, 36
ChandrabMga (see Chindb), 324
dkaone (see Kangawar), 365
Charbar, bay of, 'probably represents the
harbour of Talmona, 349
town described, 349
Charcha, the Romans under Jovian reach,
44° H H H
Charidemus, execution of, by Darius Codo-
manus, 270
Charlemagne, embassy of, to H&rim-el-
Rashid, 459 ■ ----- , receives the keys of Jerusalem, 473 ■ connected with the east, 547
Charles V. and Charles of Anjou encourage
literature, 563, 564
I Charlewood, Commander, R.N., Report on
the navigation of the Euphrates ( A p p
e n d i x J . )
Charma, another name for Ham, 45, 46
Charmalikand Narsis, ruins described, 610-
612
Charras, village of, passed by Alexander,
364 '
Charter of Queen Elizabeth for opening a
trade with Babylon, 590-594 ( n o t e ) . .
C’hasas of the east, or the Cesi of Pliny, 54
Chasdim, Chasas, C’hasyas, or Cossais, the
name of section of Ham’s descendants,
35
territory occupied by the, &c., 35
- synonymous with the Chaldeans, 36
conquered Babylonia from Shem’s descendants,
36
——. class of wise men among the, 36
, chief people of Babylonia, 37
, in connexion with the Chaldeans considered,
54
Chasdim, Chasas, C’hasyas, or Cossais, &c»,
the Cushites were the earliest, 55
, the territory occupied by the Cushite,
55
(Chaldea), a name given to the territory
near Pon tus, 55
amalgamate in Babylonia with the
Kelání, 55
equally applicable to the Hamites and
Shemites, 55
Chá Spi of the Kurds, Jebel ’Abyádh, 224
Chebar river, captive Jews formed into colonies
on the banks of the, 157
Chebran, or Amosis, the Pharaoh who oppressed
the Hebrews, 97
Cheirisophus and Xenophon conduct the
Greeks, 222
-JL-:'! ■ elected commander of the Greeks, 238 • loses the command at Heraclea, 238
leads his division to Calpse, 238 • dies at Calpse, 239
Chelek, pass (in Kurdistan),where thel0,000
Greeks regained the Tigris, 226
Chersonesus, Aurea, considered as Ophir,
126
Chesed, a Shemitic Chaldean, 55
Chilod, or Gelod, of Herodotus, 147 ( n o t e )
China, Mizraim’s descendants spread towards,
30
, or the land of Sinim, 30, ( n o t e )
, spread of mankind to, and worship of
Budd carried to, 33
, names of, 33
—— architecture, &c. of, similar to that of
the Cushites, 34
——, calculating boards, called Swanpan,
of, 34
, exclusive policy of, 34
-----, traditional accounts ©f the deluge in,
35
, founders of, from Babylonia, 35
, names of Noah’s sons traditionally
recorded in, 35
—.jp' letters resemble those of Babylonia, 35 -•----, trade of Nebuchadnezzar with, 161
, account of the ancient trade with, 161
( n o t e )
y-----, early trade of the Phoenicians, Persians,
Indians with, 310
- twice invaded by Genghis Khán, 488,
489
——, invasion of, and Taimur s death, 495
Chin-áb or Chandrabhága, the Akesines of
Alexander, 324
, Alexander’s passage of the, 330 -•----, source, course, and , tributaries of the,
370, 371
—— ■, the (see also Akesines) takes the name
of Panj-nud, 371
Chinese letters resemble the characters on
the Babylonian cylinders, 35
——*■ system of medicine like that of Galen,
532 -•---- - colonies in Armenia, 572, ( n o t e )
■------trade, nature of, with Russia and Tartary,
5961
•— with Fárs and ’Omán, 577
Chinese boats, description of, 647-650
—-——— used as dwellings, 647
Chinilidanus, or Saracus, successor of Nabu-
chodonosor, 151
, revolt of the Medes from, 151,152
Chintz from Shiraz, 583
Chinzius and Porus reign over Babylon, 140
----------- are succeeded by Judæus, 140
Chiroo, formerly Has, passed by Nearchus,
353
Choaspes, now the Kerah or Kerkhah, 298
, Alexander probably passed into the,
from Opis, 364
Chodda (see Kedje) 343
Chonos (afterwards Chronce on the Lycus),
Cyrus halts at, 205
Chorienes, Alexander besieges the rock fort
of, 318
capitulates to Alexander, 318
, probable position of the fort of, 318
Chosroes I. (’Anüshirevân), accession of, 442
, campaigns of, against the Romans,
442-444
is succeeded by Hormisdas, 444
æËSl' II., successor of Hormisdas, 445
——— puts down the rebellion of Varanes, 445
, his campaigns with the Romans, and
death of, 445, 446
Chosroes ’Anüshirevân’s conquest of Yemen,
450
Christian pilgrimages to the Holy Land,
472, 473
Christians, the, lose Antioch and Jerusalem,
473
ill treated at Jerusalem by Ortok, 473
Chrysor, Leuco-Syrians were also called, 36
territory occupied by the, 36
Chulnâ island, probably passed by Nearchus’
fleet, 346
Chun, a city of Zobah, from which David
brought much brass, 121
Chunam, and how prepared, 626
Chus, of the Caucasus, or Kusdi Kabgokh,
territory so named, its position, &c., 35
Cilicia traversed by Cyrus’ army, 209-211
, gates of, turned by Cyrus, 209 ; description
of the, 211
, pass of, carried by Cyrus, 212
Campestris and Rugged Cilicia subjected
by Alexander, 269
, invaded by the Persians under Sapor,
425
■ invaded by the khaliph A1 Marniin,
460
, exchange of Mussulman and Christian
prisoners in, 466
Cillutas, Alexander passed the island of, and
sails on the Indian Ocean, 342
Circesium on the river Aboras, 424
, Julian’s army crossed the KMbur at,
434 ; Chosroes I. at, 442
Circumnavigation of the globe, 589
Cisca or Asca taken by the Romans, 415
Cistern of Hesbun, 659
Cisterns and reservoirs, 660
Citium, in Cyprus, founded by the Phoenicians,
95