Bardeus, or Smerdis, usurps the throne of
Persia, and is murdered, 175
Baris, or Barit, i . e . , the ark or ship in which
Noah was preserved, 7
Barna, village, Nearchus’ fleet reaches, 349
Barnea, Kadesh, and journey of the Israelites,
103
Barophthse reached by Julian’s army, 439
Barsham, prince of the Babylonians, defeated
by Aram, 42
Barsine, or Statira, Alexander’s marriage
with, 359 *
t and her son Hercules, murdered by
Polysperchon, 391
, widow of Memnon, 391
Barygaza, or Baroach, port of, 576
Barylas, a Jacobite and instructor of Mu-
hammed, 452
Barzsentes, one of the satraps who caused
Darius’ death, 304
■, executed by order of Alexander, 306,
308 M B W B .
Basilius and Julian's advance, 434
Baskets for raising water, 651
Basrah built for Arab trade, 580
proposed by Napoleon as a place
d’armes against India, 536
Bassadore bank, on which Nearchus’ fleet
was exposed to a storm, 352
Bátan, a Chaldean district, near the Cen-
trites, 226 ( n o t e ) t
Batillas, or trankeys, and their construction,
645 .
? found in India and Arabia, 646
Batnge in Osrhcene, Julian’s visit to, 433
Batis’ brave defence of Gaza against AlexBaatntádneir,,
E2l8, 1w, o28rk2 .on astronomy, 561
Batú, grandson of Genghis Khan, and his
territories, 490
Batuta’s, Ibn, work on geography, 535
Bayazid, or Bajazet, 494, 499
Bazira, near the Indus, taken by Aldatus,
321 Í . Ü
Beas, Beeah, or Bypasa, the upper part ot
the Hyphasis, 370
Bectoleth plain, probably near Haji Bektasn,
150 ( n o t e )
Bedawin, conquests of the, 54-.
. the, as lyric poets, 554
Bede on the astralobe, 540
„ acquainted with Arabic, 545
Beghram, or Beíhrám, probably Alexandria
ad Caucasum, 311
Behui, or Bedusta, river, 371
Behut or Jailum, and Hydaspes, 324-326,
Be3i7lá1n pass, abandoned by Abrocamas on
the approach of Cyrus, 212
Beirut, trade of, 590, 594 ( .A p p e n d i x N . )
| taken by the Muslims after the battle
' ofHattin, 479 JL . u
Beja the seat of the Abyssinian shepherds,
73
Bekr, Abú, successor of Miihammed, 454
Bektásh, Hájí, probably near plam of Bectoleth,
1504
Bel, Belus, or Saturnus, worshipped by
Ham’s descendants, 20
, temple of Babel afterwards dedicated
to, 27.
Bela, Lot’s city of refuge, 68
Beles, proposed place of trade, 602
Belesis' palace, destroyed by Cyrus, 213
Belgrade taken by Sultán Suleiman, 500
, treaties at, 503
Belik river (see Balesius), battle of the
Romans at the, 410
Belisarius’ campaigns against the Persians
under Chosroes, 443, 444
Belicha, valley, and the Centrites, 226 ( n o t e )
Bellavese leads Colonies of Gomerians, or
Celts, into Europe, 513
Belochus, or Belock, king of Assyria, 107
Belshazzar (N abonnedus), ascends the throne
of Babylonia, 163
retires within the walls of Babylon, 164
Belthis, or Ba’altis, the moon, 20
Belus of the Greeks, or Nimrúd, 24
, temple of, on the tower of Babel, 26
the Second, or Ninus, 39, 40
, the Assyrian, bore the name of Picus,
115succeeds Alcæus as king of Lydia, 114,
115
, or Ba’al, the title of Amenophis, king
of Egypt, 132 *
of the Arabs, probably Shishak, 132
, temple of, built by Semiramis II.,
140
___ , adorned by Nebuchadnezzar,
160 ■
.___ 5 } restored by Alexander, 296
, king of Babylon, 145
Ben »Ammi, Lot’s younger daughter’s son,
69
Benares, commercial route through, 572
Benarootf, Hephæstion passes through, when
marching to Láristán, 358
Benedictines, their learning and influence,
546, 548
Beni Jadis, a lost tribe, 45, 51
Tj probably absorbed in the Kahtanites,
51
Jerâh, or Beni Jurham, 51
Jobab, from a son of Joktan, 52
Jurham, near Mekkah, 51
Khaled, the, represent the Shemitic
Chaldeans, 55 # #
Beni Rabiah, a branch of, still existing, 55
Benjamin, the tribe of, return to Jerusalem,
171
of Tudela’s travels, 534
Berbers, or shepherds, 73, &c.
settle in Africa, 455, 456
t lite the Egyptians, descended from
Ham, 456
, corps of, in the Muslim army, 464
Berenice, city named after Ptolemy’s mother,
399
Bernhard and Arabic literature, 551
Beroea, 443
Berossus’ History of Babylonia, 4, o
account of the deluge, 6,7
Berossus’ account of Abraham, 62
■ and other profane writers agree with
Moses’ account of the ark, 5, 6, 7, 638
, account of the destruction of Sennacherib’s
army, 142
Bertha, ’Ai'n-el (Mons Nicator), the battle
of Arbela fought between the Great Zàb
and, 295
Beruz passed through by Alexander on his
way to Pasagarda, 358
Bessus, general of Darius, 280
• carries Darius captive, and murders
him, 303, 304
claims the sovereignty of Asia, calling
himself Artaxerxes, 305
» Alexander advances against him, 306
is delivered up to Alexander by his
own satraps, 311, 312
, mutilated by Alexander’s orders, and
putto death at Ecbatana, 312-315
Besuchis, fortress of, taken by Julian, 438
( n o t e )
Beth-horon, the Upper and the Nether, built
by Solomon, 122
Bethlehem ceded to the crusaders, 484
, Jotapata, or Safet, 151 ( n o t e )
Betlis, trade of, 702
Bezabde, once Phenice, stormed by Sapor,
433
Bhuddists, spread of, and revolution caused
by, 541
Bibacta, or Bibaga, and Nearchus’ fleet, 346
Bidaspes, or Hydaspes, 324
Bir, excavations of, 610
Birs, or Baris, meaning a high altar, 26
Birtha (Bir), Sapor’s unsuccessful attack on,
433
Bisutun, or Baghistane, inscriptions found
at, 116, 117
, Syriac inscriptions supposed to have
been effaced, 117
• , and account of Darius Hystaspes’
usurpation, 175
, rebellions in Susiana and Babylonia
quelled by Darius, 178
— tablets mention the religion of Persia,
186
, remains at, 607, 618
Bithynia, the 10,000 Greeks coast along,
238
, Xenophon’s mistake regarding its
geography, 238
attacked by Zenobia, 427
conquered by Urklan, 498
plundered by Agesilaus, 245, 246
Bithynian, or the Hellespontine, satrapy of
Pharnabazus, 243
Bithynium founded by the Phoenicians, 95
Bitumen used as a cement,- 625
and naphtha, how collected, 625
Bituminous pits in the vale of Siddim caused
the destruction of Sodom, 67, 68
Black Sea rounded by the Turkish army in
Muràd’s reign, 501
, eruption of the, after the settlements
in Europe, 512
, commerce of the, 582
VOL. II.
Boats kept at Bir by Queen Elizabeth, 591
at Lamlum, Hit, and Tekret, 635
, construction of, at Hit, 636, 637
------------, in various countries, 641
, similar to those mentioned by Herodotus,
639
, round, their use and advantages, 639,
642
, long, succeed the round, 641
of Lamlum coated with bitumen, 642
at Kurnah and Basrah, 64L
, wooden, at Hit and ’A'nah, 643
, ferry, of the Aras, 644
----------- , at Bir, 644
of the lower Euphrates and Tigris,
645
, ancient, similarity of, to the modern,
646
of the Chinese, oars and sweeps, 646
, tanka or egg, 648
■■■■■■■ the fishing, of China, 648
» cargo, flower, and war, 649
Boethius, poem of, 553
Bceotia colonised by the Cadmonites, probably
from Egypt, 112
Bohemund leads the Crusaders against
Antioch, 474
Bokhara subdued by Genghis KMn, 489
and Samarkand, route through, 596
Borak used as stucco, 626
Borsippseans, a branch of Chaldeans, 54
Bosphorus crossed by Darius’ army, on a
bridge of boats, 181
Botany studied by Pythagoras and Democritus,
531
Bozra, and Muhammed’s visit to, 451
Brahmapootra, or Sanpoo, source of the,
369
Brahmins, origin of the, &c., 33, 186, 507,
508
Brass brought from Mesopotamia by David
as spoil, 121
Brathu and the Cainites, 4
Bricks of ’Akar Kuf, 605
Bridges of Babylon, ancient and modem,
623
of Persia, 624
Briefs, Ras, probably represents the island
of Bagia, passed by Nearchus" fleet, 349
Britain, Severus dies in, 422
[ works of the Romans under Severus
in, 422
, early Phoenician trade, 575
rediscovered by the Carthaginians,
575
, its trade with Gaul, 576
Brizana river (probably Bander Delem),
station of Nearchus’ fleet, 354
Bruges, a commercial city, 588
Brusa taken by ’Osman, 498
Bubastis, in Egypt, and Pharaoh Necho's
canal, 153
Bucephala, site of, determined by Mr. Masson,
324, 330
, at Jailum, 371
Buda captured by the Turks under Suleiman,
500
3 u