Alexander advances to the Paropamisus, 308
——, his knowledge of India, &c., 309
— constructs Alexandria ad Caucasum,
311
advances, captures Aorni and Bactra,
and crosses the Oxus, 311
halts at Samarkand, 312
advances towards the Jaxartes, and is
wounded, 312
- .— receives embassies from the Scythians
of Europe and Asia, 312, 313
blockades Cyropolis and other Sogdian
towns, 313
■ crosses the Jaxartes and defeats the
Scythians, 314
anticipates the plans of Spitamenes, 315
, his operations against the Sogdians,
315
marches to Maracanda, and winters at
Nautaka, 316
repels the inroad of Spitamenes, 316
—— captures the hill fort of Oxyarta, and
marries Roxana, 316, 317
—— advances into Margiana, and builds the
city of Seleucia. 317
——, the rock fort of Chorienes capitulates
to, 318
—— murders Clitus, 318
, his route towards the Indus, 319
— reaches the Kophen and receives presents
from the Indian princes, 319
— , his generals take the capital of the
PeukelaotiS, 319
is wounded when advancing against
the Aspii, 319
the Aspii burn their towns, 320
■ orders Craterus to rebuild the town
of Arigseum, 320
illfpEpq defeats the Indians in a pitched battle,
320
-— • sends cattle to Macedonia, 320
-— crosses the Euaspla against the Asa-
kenes, 320
wounded before Mazaga, 321
, his cruelty and treachery, 321
I his generals capture Bazira and Ora,
321 ill _. besieges and takes the rock of Aornas,
322, 323 - ■ '
makes a retrograde movement to
punish the Assakeni, 323
, his visits to Nysa and Merus, 323
i . crosses the Indus by the bridge of
boats near Attock, 323, 324
receives an embassy and presents from
Taxiles, 323
.------ marches to the Hydaspes, 324, 325
defeats Porus, 325-329
his generosity to Porus, 329, 330
— - orders Craterus to build Niksea and
Bucephala, 330
crosses the Akesines and Hydraotes, 330
_ advances against the Malli, Cathsei,
Oxydracae, &c., 330, 331
advances to the Hyphasis, 331
p __ t his army refuses to cross the Hyphasis,
332, 333
Alexander, his speech to his generals, 332,
333
determines to return, 333
presents the territory to Porus and
returns, 334
— prepares a flotilla, and descends the
Hydaspes, 334
makes an excursion against the Sibee,
335 ! ,
— - recrosses the Akesines, and proceeds
against the Malli, 335, 336
, his perilous situation, 337
, his army and fleet rendezvous at the
confluence of the Hydraotes and Akesines,
338 .
receives the submission of the Oxydracse
and Malli, 338
descends the Indus to the Delta, 338
marches from Tyre to the river Hyphasis
calculated, 339
, his sources of knowledge, 340, 341
—— sails down the Indus to the island of
Cillutas, 342
despatches Craterus towards Kirmdn,
342
—— orders a haven and docks to be
built at Pattala, 342
—— entrusts the naval expedition to Ne-
archus, 342, 344
despatches Hephsestion with the bulk
of the army, 342
advances towards the river Arabius,
and pursues the Oritae, 342, 343
•----- , his force join the main body under
Hephsestion and advances to Rambacia,
343
, his march through the Urhu district,
and privations experienced, 343, 344
, his army reaches Kirman, 344
, his reception of Nearchus, 352
visits the tomb of Cyrus, and proceeds
to Pasagarda, 358
executes Orsines and appoints Peucestas
in his place, 358
proceeds to Susa, 358
— — is joined by Nearchus and Onesicritus
at Susa, 358
• executes Abulites and his son, 358
, his sacrifices and games at Susa, 858
-— I consolidates his government and adopts
Asiatic customs, 358, 359
■ marries Barsine or Statira, 359
distributes honorary rewards, 359
----- , his plan for reorganising his army,
359, 360
had long contemplated a trade with
India, 360
with his army and fleet examines the
Euphrates and Tigris, 360
sails down the Eulseus into the ocean,
360 .
—— is joined by Hephsestion on entering the
Tigris, 360, 361
passage by which he reached the
Tigris, 361
ascends the Tigris to Opis, 361
—— , his march from Opis into Media, 362
Alexander forms an Asiatic army, 363
, his banquet to the Greeks and Asiatics,
363
sends 10,000 Greeks home under Craterus,
368, 364
passes the Choaspes, and thence to
Susa, 364
marches towards Media, 364
visits Bisutiin, 365
undertakes an expedition against the
Cossaeans, and subdues them, 365
enters Babylon against the warnings
of the Chaldeans, 365
receives envoys from all quarters, 365
—, vast projects of, at Babylon, 366
•—“ • selects Babylon as the seat of his
empire, 366
causes the Arabian coast to be surveyed,
366, 367
sails down the Euphrates and ascends
the Pallacopas, 367
constructs a city in Arabia and improves
the Pallacopas, 367
-----, his fleet assembled in the Euphrates,
368
returns to Babylon and receives an
embassy from Greece, 368
dies of a fever caught in the Lamliim
marshes, 368
, his marches calculated, 376
his empire at his death, 379-381
, his remains carried to Egypt, 380
I , his successor declared by Eumenes, 380
, subdivision of his empire, 398
Í ¡ ¡ ¡ ¡ c(son of Seleucus) and Molo rebel
against Antiochus, 402
«■■■■-- (Port), a haven, named by Nearchus,
345
»-----, emperor of Rome, restores the ancient
discipline, 423
|— defeats Artaxerxes, 423
----------- , succeeded by Gordian III., 423
Alexandria ad Caucasum, built by Alexander,
311
, or Seleucia, now MerW-el-Rud, 317,
318
, early use of artillery at, 499, 500
*— -, and astronomy as a system, 529
-----, Omar extends his conquests to, 455
, Napoleon’s intention with regard to,
535
Alexandropolis, or Kandahar, 307
Aleyat, inscriptions at, 629
Alfárabi’s translation of Aristotle, 558
Alfeidar,Jor Dhalghanatir, son, and successor
of Africus over the Himyarites, 80
succeeded by Scharbabil, 80
Alfred of Weissenburg, 551
Algazeli, logic of, 557
Algebra introduced into Europe by Rudolph,
560
’Alí-ábád, the vessel named the Fateh Jang
found near, 373
’Ali Ben Abi Taleb, successor of ’Othmán,
and husband of Fatimah, 456
'■ laid the foundation of the Shi’ah section
of Muhammedanism, 456
*Ali Beni, nómad tribe of Arabia, 448
Alindae (Moola), fortress of, given up by
Queen Ada to Alexander, 266
Alishtar and Kháwah, the plains of, visited
by Alexander on his march to Media,
865
Almagest, the, translated, 556
Al Málik Al ’Adel takes Egypt, 484
Alp Arslan, successor of Togrul Be'i, 470
, conquests of, 473
, death of, and his successor, 470
Alphonso X. encourages Arabic literature,
563
Alsaloo, station of Nearchus’ fleet near,
353
Altai mountains, Taimúr ádvances to the,
493
Altar of the Arkites crescent-shaped, 15
Alvarez of Cordova, 553
Alybian mines, 617
’Amah-Shatt-el, 612
Amalek, remains of this people, 22
' a son of Ham, 21, 44
Amalekites occupied the tract near Wadi
El Ghor, 21
— — and other lost tribes, 22
——, some remains of, in ’Omán and
Bahrein, 51
Amalgamation of the east and west commenced
by Alexander, 541
Amalika, or Imlik, a branch of Ham’s descendants,
22
Amasis, expedition of Cambyses against,
173,174
, r— r - f succeeded by Psammeticus, 174
Amassia succeeds his father Arama'is, 41
Amazons, Strabo’s account of the, 133
Ambassadors to Hárún-el-Rashíd, from
Charlemagne, 585
Amenophis IX. erected the Memñonia ht
Thebes, 107
, king of Egypt, the Bala of the Arabs,
132
, supposed to have been Shishak, 132
, deified as Ba’al or Belus, 132
America, probably first peopled by Mizraim s
descendants, 30
, spread of the Asiatics to, 508
American language and people resemble
those of Scythia and Mongolia, 509
■ pyramids and temples of, 607
I Amestris, daughter and wife of Artaxerxes
Arsaces, 250
I Amharic or Axumitic character, 47
Amid retaken from the Crusaders, 479
Amida taken by Sapor II., 433
Amin, son and successor of Hárún el Rashid,
459, 460
Aminda, now Diyár Bekr, visited by Alexander,
286
Amindas, king of Assyria, defeated by
Heykab, 106
succeeded by Belock, 107
Amir Mai, ruins on the plain of, 299
Ammon, temple of, 174
— —, Alexander visits the temple of Ham,
or, 283, 284