
 
        
         
		Inscribed on each plate are the number of rulings cut in a Paris inch, so  
 the  interlinear spacings  are these,  expressed in fractions  of a Paris  line  
 and in micrometres: 
 Grating Lines ruled Interlinear spacing 
 Paris inch Paris line pm 
 A 10801 1/900 2.51 
 B, C 3001 1/250 9.02 
 D 2001 1/167 13.53 
 E 1801 1/150 15.04 
 F [1 7324® 1/1194 1.56 
 This set of gratings for astronomical use is thought to be unique. They  
 are  evidence for the beginning of absolute measurements  in  the wavelength  
 of light,  both  by Angstrom  and  Van  der Willigen.  Some  of  
 Nobert’s  resolution  test-plates  for  microscopy  have  been  examined  
 optically and by the electron microscope, which shows the outstanding  
 achievement of Nobert.  For these studies,  see: S.  Bradbury and G.L’E.  
 Turner,  “An  electron  microscopical  examination  of Nobert s  ten-band  
 test-plate”,  in Bradbury & Turner (1965); Turner & Bradbury (1966),  
 “An electron microscopicid examination of Nobert s finest test-plate of  
 twenty  bands  ;  Turner  (1967),  “The  contributions  to  science  of  
 Friedrich Adolph Nobert”. 
 558  GRATINGS AND WEDGES  (405)  1864-1874 
 Eleven items; one signed by Froment, Paris; one signed by  
 Duboscq, Paris 
 Four rulings, micrometer, turned button, and four quartz wedges. All contained  
 in a mahogany case with glazed lid (340 x 270 x 65). Faded purple  
 velvet in base; most items do not fit intpjslots. Following the illustration,  
 top row: A, B, C; middle row: D, E, Fa, bf  bottom row: G, H, J. 
 A  Quartz wedge 42 x  15.8 x 2.1  to  1.2. 
 B  'Green tinged glass 31  x 53 x 2.7;  ruling  10 x  15. 
 Inscribed:  1  Cm.  in 800 Th. 
 Green tinged glass 41 x 41 x 2 . Series of narrow bands of lines  
 and some few crossing; also a close-ruled section that measures  
 5 x 2 7 . 
 D  Green tinged glass 61.5 x 38 x 3.2;  ruling  10 x 18. 
 Inscribed:  1  Centim in  1600 Th. 
 E  Green tinged glass 50 x 38 x 2.6;  ruling 20 x 13.6. 
 Inscribed: 2  Centim: in 6400 Th. 
 558 
 F  "a) Cemented double wedge 4f$x 10 x 4.8; wedge  1.7 to 3. 
 b) Clear plate with slight wedge 37 x  10.5 x 3 to 3.3. 
 c)  Same as a. 
 G  Quartz wedge, all sides ground matt,  50 x 11.6 x 
 H  Brass circular case  (diameter 33),  glazed one side, with  signature  
 punched  in  the  brass: ™KDUBOSCQ A PARIS.  Case  
 holds flanged black brass disc (diameter  14),with  Duboscq on  
 side. The back of the disc is roughly filed,  and shows traces of  
 some letters. Disc contains a gilded,  engine-turned pattern of  
 zig-zags, to show diffraction. 
 J  Brass micrometer for microscopy 64 x 21  x 2.5; central  aperture  
 6.2. 
 To left, inscribed: Deux Millimetres en  100 Parties Croisés  
 -  To right, inscribed:  Froment Paris  
 This item was purchased through P.J. Kipp & Zonen in April  
 1866 for Dfl.  9.50. 
 Gustave Froment died in  1865 and the firm passed to his son-  
 in-law, P. Dumoulin-Froment;  see Brctmi  (VII). 
 559  DIFFRACTION GRATING: ECHELON  ¡|l,171.)  1911 
 Signed: MADE BY ADAM HILGER L™ LO N D O l|| ENGLAND. 
   19-11 
 Length at top 487; maximum width  115; height  109 
 Such a grating is for the production of spectra,  and consists of a flight  
 of plane-parallel glass plates of equal thickness placed in echelon. Here  
 there are 30 plates and they are held in a metal frame with two fixed legs  
 and one  adjustable  leg. Thickness of each plate  14.448 mm; width of