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The preserved pulp of the tamarind is well
known as a delicious confection. Synonynie :
1, 1\ officinàlis.
índica 1 . . Yellow . 6, S. Ev. T. 60 India . 1633
occidentiUis . Yelsh. . 2, S. Ev. T. 50 W. Ind. ] U33
TAMARISK. See Tdmarix.
TAMARIX, Linn, So named on account of the
plants growing on the banks of the Tamaris,
now Tambro, on the borders of the Pyrenees.
Linn, 5, Or. 3, Nat. Or. Tamaricàcece. This
is a genus of very elegant shrubs. The hardy
species is well suited for ornamenting shrubberies
; it grows well in any soil or situation ;
and increases freely by cuttings, planted in
the open ground, in spring or autumn. T.
orientàlis succeeds well in a mixture of loam
and peat ; and cuttings root readily in sand,
imder a glass, in heat. The bark of all the
species is slightly bitter, astringent, and probably
tonic. The manna of ^Eount Sinai is
produced by a variety of T. gàllica : it consists
wholly of pure mucilaginous sugar. Bynonymes
: 1, Myricària daìiùrica j 2, T.articulàta.
See Myricària.
dahürica 1 . Pink , . 6, H. Ev. S. 6 Dahuria. 1818
dioica . . . Pink . . 6, S. Ev. S. 6 E. Ind. . 1823
gc^llica . . Flesh . T, H. De. S. 10 Eng., sea sho.
germánica . P ink . . 6, H. De. S. 8 Germany 1582
índica . . . Pink . . 7, S. Ev. S. 6 E. Ind. .
orientàlis 2 . Pink . . 7, S. Ev. T. 25 E. Ind. .
Pallásü . . Flame . 7, H. Ev. S. 6 Caucasus 1827
tetntndra . iVhite . 7, H. Ev. S. 6 Tauria . Ib21
TAMÒNEA, ÀuUet. Tamone is its name in
Guiana, Jjinn. 14, Or. 2, ISTat. Or. VerhmàcecB.
Ornamental biennials. They should be raised
on a hotbed, and, when of sufficient size,
planted singly into pots of sandy soil, and
treated as other stove biennials. Synonymes :
1, T, verhenàcea^ Ghmia spinosa; 2, G. mùtica.
curassávica 1 Blue . . 7, S.
mùtica 2 . . Blue . . 7, S.
B. 1 W. Ind. 1S23
B. 1 Guiana . 1820
TAMÒNIA. See Chitònia Tamònia.
TIMUS, Linn, A name applied by Columella to
a plant resembling a vine. Linn, 22, Or. 6,
l^at. Or. Dioscoridàcece. Hardy twining plants,
of no interest, succeeding in common garden
soil ; division of the roots—coinmrniiSj erètica.
See Testudinària,
TANACÈTUM, Lûm. Said to be altered from
Âthaiiàsia. Linn. 19, Or. 2, JSTat Or. Asteràcece.
The species of Tanacètiom or Tansy
are not possessed of much beauty. The hardy
kinds succeed in any common soil ; and are
readily increased by division. The greenhouse
species should be grown in a light, rich soil.
They increase freely by cuttings. Withering
asserts, that if meat be rubbed Avith the leaves
of tansy, the flesh-fly will not touch it. Synonymes
: 1, Achillèa filipéndula ; 2, A^ Minnnàta.
See Balsamita, and Péntzia.
7, H. Her. P. 1 Levant 1820
9, IÍ. A. 1 Russia . 1838
6, G. Her. P. C. G. H. 1820
6, H. Her. P. Altai . 1831
6, H. Her. P. 2 Himlay.
6, H. Her. P. 1 Levant 1816
6, H. Her. P. Nepal . 1818
angulàtum 1. Yellow
globuliferum Yellow
grandiftòrum Yellow
incknum . . Yellow
longifòlium . Yellow
myrioph^llum
2
purpiireum . Pa. red
vuîgilro . . Yellow . 6, H. Her. P. 2 Brit., rdsids.
crispum . Yellow . 7, H. Hei'. P. 2 Brit., gard.
variegàtum Yellow . 7, IÍ. Her. P. 2 Brit., gard.
argenteum, horeàU, canariénse, linifíúium^ orientale.,
sibiriciim^ suffrxiticòsum, vestitimi.
TANAÌ^CIUM, Sioartz. From tanaelces, long ;
stems elongated. Linn. 14, Or, 2, Nat. Or.
Gesneràceoe. T. pinndtum is described as an
ornamental, lofty-growing tree. For culture
and propagation, see Bignònia. Synonymes :
1, Qreseéntia pinmàta^ Tripinnaria africàna,
parasíticum . White . 5, S. Ev. Cl. 10 Jamaica
pinntitum 1 . Red . . 6, S. Ev. T. 60 Mozamb. 1826
TANAHOU. See Poinciâna règia.
TANEKÀHA. See Phyllócladus rhoviboidàlis.
TANGHÍNIA, DU Petit Thouars, From Tanghin,
the Madagascar name of T. veneniflùa, the seed
of which is the ordeal nut of that island.
Linn. 5, Or. 1, I^at. Or. Apocynàceoe. These
remarkable plants may be referred to Tabernmmontana
for culture and propagation. T. veneniflàa
is the celebrated ordeal tree of Madagascar.
The fruit is yellow ; and incloses a
fibrous stone or nut ; the kernel inclosed in
this stone, or nut, is said by some to be the
part used for the ordeal, and to be infused in
a liquid of whicli the accused person is made
to drink ; others say the infusion is made
of the entire fruit. The custom of administering
Tangliin as an ordeal, in Madagascar,
has recently become far more universal
than at any former period of the liuwa
government. When her late Majesty, in
the beginning of 1830, came to the resolution
of cleansing her lands from sorcerers, an ordeal
•was commanded in every town and village ;
and in Tannanarivoo scarcel}' any class of tlie
inhabitants escaped. On the 9th of May,
1830, in compliance vrith tlie sovereign's mandate,
a notable administration of Tanghin took
place. The accused persons amounted to about
thirty, including some of the highest rank in
the kingdom. All the nobility recovered,
•while the unknown plebeians, who, according
to the common jugglery, had been compelled
to drink "with them, died. The former made
the usual triumphant entry into the town, on
the 17th, borne in open palanquins, amongst
the shouting, dancing, and grimaces of the
many thousands of people. In the following
month, about an equal number of Malagassy
ladies submitted to the same ordeal ; but all
survived, and, in due course, made a grand
entry into the town. The Tanghin is administered
in private, as well as in public. A subject
so deeply rooted in the minds of all the
Malagassy people, from the sovereign down to
the slave, is the belief in witchcraft ; and so
blindly are they led on by this belief, that a
whole nation may be considered as labouring
under a spell, as powerful as the fascination
which they attribute to the unfortunate sorcerers
themselves. Synonymes : 1, Gerbera
diclútoma ; 2, C. laiirifòlia; 3, C. lactaria;
4, G. Odóllam; 5, G, Tânghin,
dichótoma 1. White . 6, S. Ev. S. 10 E. Ind. . 1827
laurifòlia 2 . White . 6, S. Ev. T. 10 E. Ind. . 1818
Miinghas 3 . White . 8, S. Ev. T 20 Singapore 1800
Odóllam 4 . White . 8, S. Ev. T. 20 India . . l-5b
veneniana5 . Pink . . 5, tì. Ev. T. 20 Madagas. 1826
TANGHIN. See GérUra Tànghin.
TANGIER PEA. See Ldthyrus tingitàmcs.
TANGLE-WRACK. See Laminària,
TANNA. See Enphòrhia tannénsis.
TANSY. See Tanacètiim.
TAPAGÒMIA. See Gephaèlis.
TAPERING, becoming gradually narrower.
TÀPIA. See Graiàva Tàpia.
TAPIOCA. See Jdniyha and Jàtrop^lia.
TAP-ROOT, a root which penetrates deep and
)erpendicularly into the ground, without
li ividing.
TARANTAN. See Gassia Tarântan.
TARCIIONANTHUS, Linn. From tarchonr the
Arabic word for taraqon, and anthos, a flower.
Linn. 19, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Aste-ràceoe. Interestino
plants, succeeding well in light rich soil;
and readily increased by cuttings, in sand,
under a glass. See Brachyloena.
camphor^ltus Purple . 6, G. Ev. S. 10 C. G. H. 1690
elUpticus . Purpl e . 6, G. Ev. S. 8 C. G. H. 181b
TARE OF SCRJPTURE. See Lôliim temuUntum.
TARE. See Érvum.
TARGET-BEARER. See Peltîgera,
TARGIÔNIA, MicheK In honour of John Anthony
Targioni, a Florentine botanist. Liim.
24- Or 6, Nat. Or. Marchantiàceoe. Ihis
species is found growing in broad patches, in
wet places—hypophplla.
TARRAGON. See ArteniAsia.
TARTAREOUS, consisting of tartar. ^
TARTARIAN BREAD. See Grarnbe tataria. ^
TARTARIAN LAMB. See Asptdium Barovietz.
TARAXACUM. See Leôntodon.
TARTGN-RAIRA. See Daphne Tarton^raira.
TASMANNIA, K Brown. In honour of lasmann,
a Dutch navigator. Linn. 23, Or 1, Nat. Or.
MaqnoUàccoe. In the Botanical Register Dr.
Lindley, in describing T. aromâtica, one of the
species, says, this plant is a handsome evergreen
bush, with dull purple branches, and
lio-ht green leaves, distinctly marked with
^ tmnsparent dots. Every part is aromatic, and
•nun^nt to the taste. The fruit is occasionally
iisecl as pepper." They grow freely in sandy
loam and peat, and only require sheltermg
from frost. Cuttings strike in sand, under a
glass, in heat. Synonymes: 1, Winteràna IanceoVata;
2, T. insipida.
17, Or. 4, Nat. Or. Fabaeece. For culture and
propagation, see Bicérma. Synonymes: |,
Iledysarum lappaceum ; 2, H. nummularicefo-
Hum.
lappacea 1 . Yellow . 7, G. Ev. Tr. 1 Arabia . 1820
nummularia 2 Rose . . 6, G. Ev. S. 1 Levant. 1826
TAXICE^, TAXADS or YEWS. Are well-known
trees and shrubs; the common Yew {Táxits
baccata) may be given as an example of the
order.
TAXANTHEMA. See Státice.
TAXODIUM, Richard. From taxus, the yew, and
eidos, like ; trees resembling the yew. Linn,
21, Or. 8, Nat. Or. Pinacece. Ornamental,
lofty-growing trees, well suited for ])lanting
singly on lawns. They grow best in a rich
moist soil; and are readily increased by seeds,
layers, or by cuttings, with the leaves left
whole, placed in a vessel of water, where they
will root in a few weeks. The Deciduous Gypress
is universally employed, throughout the
United States, for making the best kind of
shingles; and in Louisiana it is used for almost
every other purpose to which timber is applied.
Synonymes: 1, Schubértia capénsis ; 2, S. disticha
; 3, S. d. péndula; 4, T. sinénse pendulum
; 5, T. sinénse. See Schubértia.
capénse 1 . Apetal . 4, G. Ev. S. 10 C G. H.
' . 5, H. De. T. 30 N. Amer. 1640
. 5, H, Do. T. 35
. 5, H. De. T. 20
. 5, H. De. T. 20
. 5, H. De. T. 20
. 6, H. De. T. 20
. 6, E. Ev. S. 10 N. Zeal. 1843
distichnm 2 . Apetal
excélsum . Apetal
nutans 3 . Apetal
pàtens . . Apetal
péndulum 4 Apetal
sinénse 5 . Apetal
sempervlrens.
Yellow
R
aromática 1
dipétala 2 .
. White
White
5, G. Ev. S. lOV. D. L. .1823
. 5, G. Ev. S. 8 N. Hoi. . 1824
TATULA. See Datura Tdiula.
TAUSCHI:IIIA, Fischer, In honour of Ignatius
Frederick Tauscher, Professor of Botany at
Prague, author of several botanical works
Linn. 15, Nat. Or. Brassicacece. Annuals oi
no beauty. The seed merely requires to be
- sown in the open border, or on rock-work.
gymnocarpa . Whit e . 6, H. A. | Siberia . 1820
Ssiocarpa . .White . 6, H. A. ^ Siberia . 1824
TAtJZlN. See Qiiercus Tauzin.
TAVERNIERA, De Gandolle. In honour of J. B.
Tavernier, a traveller in the Levant. Linn.
T l x u s , Linn. From toxon, a bow ; being formerly
nsed in making them ; or from taxis,
arrangement; the leaves are arranged on the
branches like the teeth of a comb. Yew is
supposed to be from the Celtic word iw, signifying
verdure ; alluding to the yew being an
evergreen. Linn. 22, Or. 13, Nat. Or. Taxacece.
Ornamental trees, well adapted for
underwood, as they thrive under the shade and
drip of other trees ; they are also very ornamental
when planted to form hedges. They
will grow in any moist soil, but succeed best
in loams and clays. They are chiefly propagated
from seeds, which should be sown as soon
as ripe ; they may also be increased by cuttings,
formed of either one or two years' wood, and
planted in a shady border in the beginning ot
April or end of August. Synonymes: 1, T.fas^
tigidta hibernica, T. baccata hibermca. See
Podocdrpus, Gephalotdxus, and Torreya.
adpr6ssa . . Apetal . aaprebbct • . , , ^ 4^, ^H^ . E^ v^ . Trj,.^ 1200 JBarpiatani n,w. oods
baccata . - Apetal
erécta . . Apetal
fastigiàta 1. Apetal
fructu-lùteo Apetal
procúmbensApetal
variegata . Apetal
canadénsis . Apetal
cuspidata . Apetal
Fortùni . . Apetal
Harringtònia Apetal
Lindleyàna . Apetal
Kakòya . . Apetal
nucífera . . Apetal
TAZÉTTA. See Narcissus Tazétta,
4 H. Ev. T. 20 Needling
. 4, H. Ev. T. 12 Ireland . 1780
! 4', H. Ev. T. 12 Ireland,woods
! 2,' H! EV. S. 6 Europe .
2 H. Ev. T. 15 Europe .
. 2, H. Ev. T. 20 Canada . 1800
4, H. Ev. T. 15 Japan .
. 4 , H . EV. T. 15 Japan .
. 5, H. De. T. 20 Penaiig . 1837
4 H Ev. T. 20 S.Francisco.
' 5' H De. T. 20 Japan . 1838
4 G Ev. T. 20 China . 1820.