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E A R 204 E C U
EARTH NUT. See Biminni.
EARTH PEA. Sec Ldthyrus am2:)McaTpus,
EARTH TONGUE. See Qeoglóssitm.
EAST INDIA MUGWORT. See Artemisia liirsHta.
EASTER GIANT. See Polygonum Bistorta.
EATABLE BIRD'S NESTS. See GcUdnm^,
EBENACE^E, or EBENADS. An order of trees and
shrubs distinguished for the excessive hardness
of their wood ; tlie ebony may be cited as an
exani])le, Soine kinds bear eatable fruit, as
the ]\labola of the Phillipines, and the Kaki of
Japan, which are species of Díos'p¡)ros,
ÉBENEUS, black, ebony-coloured.
]^]nENUM, See I)iospj)Tos Éhenus.
ÜBENUS, Linn. From ahnoiis^ the Arabic name
for ebony, or cbenus of tho Eonians. Linn. 16,
Or. 6, Nat. Or. Fabácece. These are pretty
little dwarf plants, with pink ñowers ; they
require a peaty soil, added to a little loam, to
grow in, and are increased by seeds. Sijnonymcs:
1, Antli^llis crética ; 2, A. 'pinnata.
crtitica 1 . . rink . 6, G. Ev. S. 2 Candía . . 173T
piimata 2 . . Tink . G, G. B. 2 Barbary . 1786
EBONY. See DiosjJpros J^hemts.
EBONY AMERICAN. See Wheeleria Éhenus.
EcASTArm^LLUM, P. Browne. From hecastos,
each, and pliyllon^ a leaf; the leaves of some
of the species are composed of only one leañet.
Linn. 17, Or. 4, Nat. Or. Fabácece, Ornamental
shrubs, growing about ten feet high ;
they succeed in rich soil, and are increased by
cuttings of the ripened wood, planted in sand,
iinder a glass, in heat. Synonyme: 1, Pterocarjpus
Ecastuph^lhiin.
lírównci 1 . "Whtred 5, S. Ev. S. 10 W. Ind. . 1733
r i u m i í j r i . . White . 5, S. Ev. S. 10 S. Amer. . 1820
Sifcbori . . Wht.red 5, S. Ev. S. 10 Guinea . . 1824
ECAÍJDATE, spikeless, without a stem.
ECBÓLIUM. See Justicia Eebhlimn.
ECCREMOCARPUS, Ruiz et Pawn. From ch-
IcrcmeSy pendent, and haripos^ fruit; the fruit
is pendent. Linn. 14, Or. 2, Nat. Or. Bignoniacem.
An exceedingly ornamental plant,
well adapted for training over bowers, columns,
trellis-work, &c., like clematis, honeysuckles,
&c. ; it should be planted in a mixture of sand,
loam, and peat; cuttings root at once, in sand
or soil, with or without a glass. See Caldmpelis.
longiflórus . Orange 7, G. Ev. CI. 0 Peru . . 1825
ECHEÁNDIA, Ortega. Named after Greg. Echcandia,
botanical professor at Saragossa. Linn.
6, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Lilíáceoi. This singular
plant was among a collection received by Sir
Charles Lemon, in 1837, from Mr. John Eule,
Superintendent of the Keal del Monte Mines,
Mexico, in the neighbourliood of whicli it is
; u'obably a native. It flowered in the green-
.louse at Carclew, in June, 1839, and continued
during July and August to send out a
succession of live or six flowers daily. It produces
seeds, by which it is increased. Synonymcs:
1, Conantliera Echeándia^ Anthéricitm
rcjUxxim, Phalángium rejiéxum.
terniflóra 1 . Golden 7, G. Her. P. 3 Mexico . 1827
ECHEVÍIIRIA, De Candolle. In honour of M.
Echeveri, author of the splendid drawings of
the Flora Mexicana. Linn. 10, Or. 4, IsTat. Or.
OrassuUicem, Among succulents, this genus is
one of gi'cat beauty. E. gibbiflòra is disposed
to grow rather straggling ; nevertheless, it is
worthy of a place in every collection, on account
of its strong, shining leaves, and orangyscarlct
flowers. To grow them well, they
require a soil composed of sandy loam and a
little peat, mixed with reduced rubbish of
bricks, &c. At all seasons they should be
cautiously watered, particularly in winter.
They increase from cuttings, dried a few days
before being put in the soil. Synonymes : 1,
Got'^ledon coispitòsa ; 2, 0. coccínea; 3, Pachyph'ì^
farinósa .
gibbiflòra
grandi f Olia
láxa . .
l ù r i d a . .
racemósa
rctíisa
ròsea . ,
Scbeèrii .
secúnda .
ECU I ALES.
S. 2 Mexico . 1S16
S. 2 California 1847
S. 2 Mexico . 1826
S. 2 Mexico . 1828
7, G. Ev. S. California 1847
1830
1840
1840
1836
1S40
1842
1837
ton bracteosnm ; 4, Sèdnm qidténse.
acutifòlia . Sear.yl. 4, G. Ev. 8. Mexico . 1841
bracteolàtix 3 Red yl. 9, G. Ev. S. 1 Caraccas . 1840
cajspitòsa 1 . Yellow 7, G. Her. P. California 179G
canaliculiUa. Red . 7, S. Ev. S. 2 Mexico . 1850
coccínea 2 . Scarlet 10, G. Ev.
Lcmon 7, G. Ev.
Yl.puk. 9, G. Ev.
Orango 10, G. Ev.
Yellow
Scarlet 7, S. Ilcr. V. 1 Mexico
pulverulenta W.rd.g. 9, G. Ev. S. 2 Mexico
quitdnsis 4 . Red . 9, F. Ev. S. 1 rem .
Crims. 10, S. Her. P. 2 Mexico
Yol red 9, G. Ev. 8. 1 Mexico
Roseyl. 9, G. Ev. 8.1 Brazil.
Pink yl. 11, G. Iter. P. 2 Mexico
Scarlet 6, S. Ev. 8. 2 Mexico
A naturai alliance, consisting of a
group of Exogens, intermediate between Solanales
and Bignonales.
ECHINACEA, Mcench. Derived from ecMmiSy a
hedgehog ; the prickly scales of the receptado
give that appearance. Linn. 19, Or. 3, Nat.
Or. Asteràcece. These plants are ornamental,
growing from one to two feet high, and of bold
habits. For culture, &c., see Coreopsis. Synonymcs
: 1, Coreopsis heterophylla^ Ximenèsia
Gavanillesii ; 2, Èudbéchia napifòlia ; 3, R.
purpùrea; 4, R, serótina.
angustifòlia . Rose 8, H. Her. P. 2 Java
Dicksòni . . Lil. 8, H. Her. P. 2 Mexico ,
1800
dùbia . . . Lil. 9, F. Ter. P. 2 Mexico.
1847
heteroph^llal Pur. 10, H. Her. P. Mexico .
1837
intermedia . Red 9, H. Her. P. 2j Eng. hyh.
1829
1826
napifòlia 2. . Red 7, F. Her. P. 2 N. Spain
1824
purpurea 3 . Red 9, H. Her. P. 5 N. Amcr.
1699
serótina 4 . . Red 9, H. Her. P. N. Amor.
1816
ECHINÀIS, Cass. See Clrsiiim sclerdnthon.
ECHINÀRIA, Desfontaines. From echinus, a
hedgehog ; the prickly heads may be fancied
to resemble little hedgehogs. Linn. 3, Or. 2,
'Nut. Or. Graminàccm. A curious little annual,
growing in any common soil, and increased by
d i v i s i o n . 8ynonymes : 1, Cénclirits capitàtus^
Sislèria ecMnàta.
capitàta 1 . Apctal 7, H. Grass. ^ 8. Eur. . . 1771
ECIUNATED, covered with prickles, like an echiims,
or hedgehog.
ECHINÉLLA, AgardJi. From echinus^ a hedgehog
; bristly appearance of the plants. Linn.
24, Or. 7, Nat. Or. DiatomàcecB. Yery minute
species of green Algm, found in lakes, and, by
some naturalists, believed to be animalculae—
articuUita, oblonga, rotàia.
ECHINOCÁCTUS, 8alm-J)yck. From echinus^ a
hedgehog, and cactus ; a name given by Theophrastus
to a spiny plant. Linn. 12, Or. 1,
E C U 205 E C U
Nat. Or. Cactàcem. These are plants of great
beauty and interest, on account of their singular
and grotesque structure, the arrangement
of their spines, and the beauty of their flowers.
The soil best suited for them is sandy peat, a
little loam, and a little lime, or brick rubbish,
all of which must be well mixed together.
They must bo watered very sparingly at all
times, but more so in winter. They are increased
from oifsets, which must be dried a
few days before being put in to strike. These
plants, and Mammillàrias, are sometimes
much infested with red spider, which is very
troublesome. The effectual way of exterminating
them, is to shed a little dry sulphur
over the plant infested, and they will soon disappear,
and as soon return, if not carefully
w a t c h e d . Synonymes : 1, Cèreus abnòrmù ; 2,
E. platacdntha, Gdctus latispìnus; 3, Cèreus
cylìndricus ; 4, Cdctics depréssus; 5, Cèreus
gibbòsus ; 6, Cèreus Mstrix ; 7, Cèreus imbricàtus;
8, Cdctusintòrtus;^, Cdctus erinàceus ;
10, Cdctus parvispìnus ; 11, Cdctus recUrvuSj
nòbilis ; 12, EcMnocdctus orthacdnthus ; 13,
Astròphytum myriostigma ; 14, Melocdctus octogònus;
15, É. liamaiacéntlius ; 16, E. visnàga;
17, Cdctus scópa, Cèreus scópa: See
Melocdctus, Cèrms, and EcMnòpsis.
abnòrmis 1 . Whito 7, 8. Ev. S. ^ S. Amer.
acuìltus . . Yellow 9, S. Ev. S. i M. Video
acutangulAris Yellow 9, S. E v S. \
agg]omerL\tua 7, S. Ev. S. i Mexico .
Anconiànus . S. Ev. S. i Ancona .
arcuàtus . . Yellow 9, S. Ev. S. ^ M. Video
centetbrius . Lil. rd. 9, S. Ev. S. i
1S18
1836
1835
1838
1834
1834
1836
cinnabarluus Red . 6, S. Ev. S. 1 Mexico
coccineus . Red . 9, S. Ev. S. 1 Mexico
concinnns 12 Yellow 3, S. Ev. S. ^ Brazil
cornigcrus 2. Purple 8, S. Ev. S. I Mexico
corynòdes
crispáttis .
cylìndricus 3 White
dúnsus .
Dóppei
depréssus 4
echinàtus
ediilis . .
Yellow 9, S. Ev. S. 1
. Purple 8, S. Ev. S. Mexico
9, S. Ev. S. 1 Peru .
S. Ev. S. ^ Mexico ,
S. Ev. S. I Mexico
S. Ev. S. ^ S. Anier.
9, S. Ev. S. Mexico
. Yellow 9, S. Ev. S. ^ Mexico
erinàceus 9 . Wlit. yl, 7, S. Ev. S. 1
exsciilx^tus
Eyresii .
glalicus .
formòsus.
gibbòsus 6
Gillibsii .
gladi i\tus.
ham<\tns .
hexíedrópliorus
h ^ s t r i x 6. .
imbricàtus 7.
inflìltus . .
intòrtxis 8
intiicàtus
íngens16.
Langsdòrfii
latispìnus
Leècbii .
Leeànus .
L i n k i i . .
9, S. Ev. S. 1
. Wht. yl. 9, S. Ev. S. 1 Mexico .
. Wht.gii. 7, S. Ev. S. 1 Mexico .
. Red . 7, S. Ev. S. ^ Mexico .
. White 7, S. Ev. S. i Jamaica .
9, S. Ev. S. I Mexico .
7, S. Ev. S. i Mexico .
S. Ev. S. B. Ayrcs
• Whitish 6, S. Ev. P. \ Tampico.
S. Ev. S. 1
S. Ev. S. \
S. Ev. S. h Chile . .
. Purple C, S. Ev. S. 1 Antigua .
S. Ev. S. à M. Video
. Yellow 6, S. Ev. S. i Mexico .
. Yellow S. Ev. S. Brazil .
. Purple S. Ev. S. Mexico .
. Yellow 7, S. Ev. S. \ S. Amer.
. Yl.wht. 3, S. Ev. S. i Buenos A.
. Yellow 9, S. Ev. S. | Mexico .
Yellow 7, S. Ev. S. 1 Mexico .
Mackieànus . Yl.wt. 10, S. Ev. S. ^ Chile . .
" ^ r S s ^ " " " Yl.red 10, S. Ev. S. 1 Chile . .
melocacti- ) g^ ^ ^ g^ i Mexico .
fòrnua .
1842
1835
1828
1823
1835
1826
1799
1829
1829
1798
1830
1818
1836
1829
1830
1830
1808
1830
1833
1841
1808
1820
1828
1768
1838
18y3
1823
1833
1840
1835
1846
1836
1836
mconaciin- \
thus . . I
montevi- )
dt^nsis. ]
multifl6rus . Whito
myriostigma
13.
S. Ev. S. i Jamaica .
S. Ev. S. M. Video
6, S. Ev. S. ^
Wht.yl. 6, S. Ev. S. 1 Mexico .
Whito 6, S. Ev. S. 1 Mexico .
n6bi1is
obvaliatus . Purpl e 7, S. Ev. S. ^ Mexico
octoge)nus 14 Red wt. 6, S. Ev. S. 1 S. Amer.
orthaciinthus S. Ev. S. ^ M. Video
Ott6nis . . Yellow 9, S. Ev. S. i Mexico
oxyaciitithus S. Ev. S.
oxyg6ntis . Pa. rose 8, S. Ev. S. 1 Bi*azil
pachyci^ntrus
parvispi-
nus 10.
pectinifcrus. Rose
Pentlándl , Red
platyacánthus
polyacánthus
S. Ev. S.
S. Ev. S. ^ S. Amcr.
6, S. Ev. S. i Mexico ,
7, S. Ev. S. k Brazil .
S. Ev. S. 1 Mexico .
S. Ev. S. h Brazil .
pulohillla. . Wt.bls. 10, S. Ev. S. i Mexico
rccúrvus 11
rhodíínthus . Rosy .
rhodopthál- \
mus . . J
elíptica . . Red .
robhstus . .
Salmii\nus . Grey .
scópa 17 . . Yellow
spinis-álbis Yellow
Sellòwi . .
sessiliflòrus . Pa.yel.
spinosíssimus
spiralis . .
Staìnesii . . Yellow
streptocaíilon Yellow
subgibbòsus.
subulíferus .
sulcàtus . .
tenuispìnus . Yellow
tephracítnthos
theléphorus.
tubercultltus
tubiflòrus . White
Wílliamsil . Roso .
xanthacìlnthus
. .
S. Ev. S. 1 Mexico .
9, S. Ev. S. 1
8, S. Ev. S. i Mexico .
8, S Ev. S. ^ Mexico .
S. Ev. S. 1
7, S. Ev. S. ^ Curacoa .
7, S. Ev. S. 1 Brazil .
6, S. Ev. S. i Brazil .
S. Ev. S. 1 M. Video
6, S. Ev. S. i
S. Ev. S. i
S. Ev. S. ^
8, S. Ev. S. 1 Mexico .
8, S. Ev. S. ^ Bolivia .
S. Ev. S. ^ Valpai-aiso
S. Ev. S. ^ Mexico .
S. Ev. S. i Mexico .
9, S. Ev. S. ^ Brazil .
9, S. Ev. S. ^ Brazil .
S. Ev. S. ^
8, S. Ev. S. ^ Mexico .
9, S. Ev. S. i Mexico .
9, S. Ev. S. i Mexico .
1839
1796
1830
1829
1830
1831
1837
1837
1831
1796
1835
1849
1849
1835
1826
1836
1826
1834
1834
1835
1847
1844
1830
1829
1835
1825
1834
1826
1836
1844
4, S. Ev. S. ^ 1835
EoniNÓciiLOA, Beauvois. From ecMnos, a hedgehog,
and chloa, grass ; alluding to the prickly
heads of llowers. Linn. 3, Or. 2, Nat. Or.
Graminàcem. Hardy annuals, fit only to he
grown in botanic gardens. Bynmiymes : 1,
Pdnicum stagninum^; 2, P. criis-gdili.
crùs-giilli 2 . Apetal 7, IT. Grass. Brit. moi. fie.
setigera . . Apctal 7, G. Grass. 1 E. Ind. . 1820
commutàta 1, criìs-còrvi, ecMnàta, erytlirospèmia,
interrìièdia, stagnìna.
ECIIINÓPIIORA, Tournefort. From ecliinos, a
hedgehog, and p/ioreo, to bear; the involucrum
is covered with stiiF spines. Linn. 5,
Or. 2, Nat. Or. Apiàceoì. Eatlier interesting
plants, succeeding in any common soil, and hicreased
by dividing the roots,
spinósa. . . Whit e 7, H. Her. P. 1 En^., sea co.
tenuifòlia . . White 7, II. Her. P. 1 Apulia . . 1731
trichoph^lla . White 7, H. Her. P. 1 Levant. . 1820
EcriiNOPÒGON, Beauvois. From echinos, prickly,
and pogon, a beard. Linn. 3, Or. 2, Nat. Or.
Graminàceoe, A mere weed, of the simplest
c u l t u r e . Sijnonyme ; 1, Agràsiis ovàtus—
ovàtns.
ÉCHINOPS, Linn. From ecliinos, a hedgehog,
and o-psis, aspect ; in allusion to the hedgehoglike
heads of iloAvers. Linn. 19, Or. 5, Nat.
Or. Asteràcem. Coarse plants, of considerable
beauty, attaining from one to live feet high.
They are well adapted for borders, on account
i '
ri •