• i
r'I
m
PiiiENdrSTS, Dg CandoUe, From :pliaino^ to bo
conspicuous, and opsis, the sight. Linn. 19,
Or. 1, Nat. Or. Astcr^ece, Of BO interest
to cultivators. Synonymc: 1, Frendnihes viminea.
Yimincus 1. Yellow . 7, H. B. 1J Austria . 1TS9
VuMdsmisiA. Se o Clarkia.
PiiAGNALON, Dg CandoUe. See Con^za.
PiiAGUS. See Qu6rms JEsculus.
P i i \ i u s , Loureiro, From phaios,. shinmg ; m
allusion to the beauty of the original spccies.
Linn. 20, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Orcliiddcccc. This
is an interesting and valuable genus of plants,
especially F. dibits, Avhich ought to be in every
collection of orchidaceous plants ; the foliowing
is the best way of cultivating itAV'heii
the plant becomes dormant, it should bo placcd
in a cool house, the teinperature of which, in
winter, should not be more than 45 or 50 degrees.
After reposing the proper time, it will
begin to push from the base of the stems ; and
when tlic young shoots are about half an inch
in length, the plants should be repotted into
heath soil, well drained at the bottom, and
mingled with an abundance of iinely-brokcn
potsherds, according to the usual method ot
cultivating orchidaceous plants. For a moderate
sized plant, the pot should be about six
inches in diameter at the top, which will allow
of its completing the annual growth without
being again potted. It will bear a free supply
of water when growing vigorously, and inay
then be syringed once or twice a day, till it
shows signs of ilowering, when the syringing
must be discontinued. When it has ceased
llowering, it should be kept in a cool house,
and sparingly watered until the leaves begin
to turn yellow, when it must be removed to
its winter quarters, and kept diy, merely supplying
as much water as will keep the plant
alive, and taking care never to wet the stems.
For the culture of the other species, see BUha.
SynonymGs: 1, BlUia TankervUlicB; 2, B.
Woodfbrdii; 3, F. grandifblius.
illbus . . -.White . • S. Epi. 2 Sylhet
aiiffustifblius Green , . 7, S. Ter. 2 Trmidad
bicolor . .Brn.ycl. • G, S. Epi. 2 Ceylon.
Havus . . •. Yellow . . 6, S. Ter. 2 India .
graiidif61iiisl\Vht. brn. . 4, S. Tor. 2 China .
nitermMius. Brn. yel. . 4, S. Ter. 2 India .
maeurnus 2. Grn. yel. . C, S. Ter. 2 Nepal .
Wdllichii 3 . Oran. ycl. . 4, S. Ter." 2 Khoosea
PiiALACiiyEA. See AgGvattim laiifoUum.
PiiALACROLbMA, B. Don. See EngGTon carolinidnum.
..
Vénda, Increase is from side shoots, which,
however, do not throw out freely. Synonymcs :
1, P . cqutsiris, SiauroglMtis eqiiéstris,
amiibilis . . Wht. yel. . 0, S. Epi. Manilla. 1S3G
grandiflòra . Wht. yel. . 0, S. Epi. H J^^a . 1847
iutermiidia . innk wht. . 6, S. Epi. 1 Hybrid . 1800
Lòwii . . . I'iiilc wht. . 6, S. Epi. 1 Moulm. . 18G0
ròsea 1 . . Pink wht. . G, S. Epi. l i Manilla. 184S
Suhilleriiina . Purpl e . .0,8. Epi. 1.} Phlpn. I.
PIIALINGIUM, Dg CandoUe. From plmlanx, a
venomous spider ; said to cure the bite. Linn.
6, Or. l, Nat. Or. LiUaccw. The greenhouse
and frame species of this ornamental genus
grow well in an equal mixture of sandy loam
and peat; the hardy species do well-in any
lio'ht rich soil; they may all be increased by
dfvision at the root, or by seeds. Synonymcsj
PnALiENdpSIS, BIwug. From 'plialcana, a moth,
and opsis, resemblance ; in allusion to the appearance
of the flowers, which bears a striking
resemblance to that' insect : whence the name
Indian Butterfly-plant. Linn. 20, Or. 1, Nat.
0\\ Orchidacecc. F. amdhilis is an extremely
beautiful plant. The flowers are i^roduced on
a nearly erect spike, and are very elegant, on
account of their large size and the brilliant
whiteness of the broad leathery petals. Some
of the other spccies are equally handsome.
They all require a very hot, damp part of the
house, and are otherwise treated as the genus
I , AntUrimni LiUàgo ; % Anthcricum ramosicm.
See Nolina and Bcheàndia.
glaùeum . . White . F. Her. P. Peru . 1823
^ "" 5, E. Her. P. Greece . 1828
5, H. Her. P. 1 S. Eur. . 159(>
5, 11. Her. P. ^ S. Eur. . 159^
9, G. Her. P. 2 Lima . 1829
5, E. Her. P. 2 Nepal . 18:^4
5, H. Her. P. 2 S. Eur. . 1570
gràìcum . . White
Lilii\go 1 . . White
minor . . White
longifùlium . Green
nepaltinse . White
ramòsum 2 . White
1836
1821
1837
1837
1778
1839
. 1823
. 1837
PHÁLARIS, Linn. From phalaros, bnlbant;
having shining seeds. Linn. Or. 2, Nat.
Or. Graminaccce. Mostly uninteresting spccies.
P. commuíáta and appendiculdta are
rather pretty ; F. canariénsis is cultivated on
account of its seeds (canary-seed), which aro
given to birds ; they merely require tobe sown
in any common soil. See Achnodónton, Aira,
Chilochloa, Crypsis, and Dégrapliis.
appendieumta Apetal . 6, H. Grass 1 Egypt . 1820
canariénsis . Apetal . 7, H. Grass Bvit., wastes
commuti\ta . Apetal . 6, H. Grass 1 Italy. . 1823
aqtcdiica, bulbosa, cmrnUscens, capénsis, microstcLcliya,
minor, mtida, nodosa, paradóxa,
qiiadriválvis.
PHALEROCAKPUS, G. Don. From phaleros.
white, and karpus, fruit; because of the colour
of the fruit. Lhm. 8, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Ericáceas.
This pretty little plant may be_ referred
to Oxycocciis for culture and propagation.
Sijnonymes: 1, Gaxdtheria serpyllifolia, Oxycocciis
Us^iidúhís, Arbulits jilifbrmis, YacclnGitm
Mspididum.
serpyllifolia 1 White . 4, H. Ev. Cr. i N. Ame. 1815
PHALLUS, Michaux. From pliallos, signifying
a wooden club. Linn. 24, Or. 9, ^ Nat. Or.
Lycoperdaceas, Foetid-smelling fungi, found in
woods and hedges, on hazel trunks, &c.-cc^-
nlniLS, fmtidus, iósmos. . . ^
PHALOCALLIS, IlerherL Not explained by its
author. Linn. 3, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Iriddcem
This remarkable plant produces a delicate and
beautiful ilower on a strong and tall stem. It
will succeed pretty well under a warm south
wall in the open ground ; increase is by seeds.
Synonyme: 1, Capélla plúmbea.
plúmbea 1 . Lead col. . 7, F. Bl. T. 4 Mexico . 1837
PHANEROGAMOUS PLANTS are such as have conspicuous
flowers.
PHANEUOPHLÍIBIA, Fresl. From plianeros, conspicuous,
and phlcps, a vein ; veins conspicuous.
Linn. 24, Or. 1, Nat . Or. Folypodidccx.
Stove ferns. Synonymes : 1, Folypddium jitglandifblium;
2, A spidium nòbile.
iuglandifòlia 1 Yellow . 5, S. Her. F. U S. Ame. 1823
nùbilis 2 . . Yellow . 6, S. Her. P. S. Amo.
PHARBÌTIS, Choisy. Meaning not explained.
Linn, 5, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Gonvolvulacem.
This is a genus of very showy climbers,
and tender annuals. The seeds of the
latter should be sown on a hotbed, and
when the plants are large enough, they should
be planted into pots, in a mixture of sandy
loam and decayed leaves ; and afterwards
treated as other tender annuals. Synonymes:
1, Ipomàa barbàia; 2, / . barbigera ; 3, I.
cathàrtica, L. pudibonda, Convólvidus pudi-
Mndihs, G. portoricénsis; 4, / . cGeruUscens; 5,
I . cuspidata; 6, I . DilUnii ; 7, L. liederdcca;
8 , 7. Uspida; 9, I. Ml, 1. cmrHlea ; 10, I.
punctata; 11, I . scabra; 12, / . varia.
barbàta 1. . Purple . 9, H. Tw. A. 10 Vrgnia. 1729
harbigera 2 . Blue . . 9, H. Tw. A. 10 N.Ame.
cathàrtica 3 . Blue pur. 9, S. Ev. CL 8 Mexico. 1848
ròsea . . Hose
ccerul(^scens4 Pa. blue,
cuspidata 5 . Purple .
DiU&nii G . Blue . .
diversifòlia . Blue . .
hederàcea 7 . Blue . .
híspida 8 . . Wht. pur.
Leàrii . .
Umbi\ta .
NÍ19 . .
ostrina
punetàta 10
setlbra 11 .
tyrianthina
vària 12 .
8 S Ev. Tw. 6 S.Dmin. 1836
7, H. Ev. Tw. 10 E. Ind. 1820
7, G. Tw. A. 6 Peru . 1732
6, G. Tw. A. 6 mhiop.
6, G. Tw. A. 5 Mexico. 1836
8, H. Tw. A. 10 N.Ame. 1729
8, S. Tw. A. 10 E. Ind. 1629
6, S. He. CI. 20 B.Ayres 1835
Vio. wht. 9, H. A. 2 Java . 1849
Blue . . 8, G. Tw. A 10 Amer. . 1597
7, S. Ev. CL 10 Cuba . 1840
Blue
Purple , --_ - -
Pur. vio. 8, G. Tw. A. 6 India
White . 9-, S. Tw. A. 10 S. A' me. 1804
Purple . 10, S. De. Tw. 10 Mexico. 1838
Blue viol. 9, S. Ev. Tw. S S. Ame. 1816
PHIRIUM. See Bessera.
PHAKMACEXJTICAL, relating to the art of pharmacy.
PHARNACEUM, Pharnaces, king of Pontns,
is said to have iirst used it in medicine. Liwi.
5, Or. 3, iTat Or. Illecebracece, Plants of
little beauty, hardly wortli cultivating except
in botanical collections.. The stove and greenhouse
shrubby species thrive well in sandy
loam and peat; and cuttings root readily, in
the same kind of soil, if placed under a glass.
The annual kinds should be sown in pots in
the spring, and placed in a moderate hotbed,
where they may remain till they are removed
into the greenhouse in June. Synonymes: 1,
3ioUugo hellidifolia ; 2, M. spergula.
PHASCUM, Linn. From phaskon, an ancient
Greek name for a moss. Lin7i. 24, Or. 5, Nat.
Or. Bryàceoe. Minute species of moss, often
scarcely discernible to the naked eye, and
varying much in appearance from each other ;
they grow on moist banks, in clay fields, &c.
Synonymes: 1, F. Schreberiànum, cicrvisètum ;
2, F. strîctum ; 3, F: muUicapsulàre ; 4, F.
stolonîferum — alternifolium, apiculàtum 1,
axillàre 2, bryoides, crassinérviiim, crispuni 3,
0. rostellàtum, curvifèlium, cuspidàtum, miiticum,
m. m^jus, minus, pàtens, recurvifèlium,
piliferum, réctum, serràtum 4, subulàtum,
triquétrum.
PHASÈOLUS, Linn. From, pliaselns, a little
boat ; fancied resemblance in the pods. Linn.
17, Or. 4, Nat. Or. Fabacem. The_ different
varieties of kidney-bean belong to this genus ;
they all thrive in any rich light soil. The
annual kinds are increased by seeds, and the
perennials by seeds or cuttings. Synonymes :
1, F. trilohus; 2, P . hirtus ; Dolidios polystdchyos.
See Dolichos.
aeonitifùlius. Pink . . 7, S. Tw. A. 2 E. Ind. 1731
7 H. Tw.A. 3 Socty.I. 1820
7, H. Tw. A. 3 N. Ame. 1820
8, S. De.Tw. 2 India . 1690
7, H. A. 3
7, H. Tw. A.
bcllidifblium 1 . White
Cervii\num . . White
cordifblium. . White
dich6tomum . White
filomcviltum . White
Hoffmanseggi-) ^ i t o
i\num . . . j
inci\num. . . White
line5,re . . . White
MollUgo 2 . . White
pruinSsum . . White
sperguloides . White
umbellJitum . Brown
, A. i W. Ind. 1823
. 6„ H. A. i Russia . 1771
. 7- F. A. ^ C. G. H. 1823
. 7 F. A..i 0. G. II. 1783
. i G. A.^ C. G. H. 1817
. 7, S. Cr. A. J Brazil . 1829
. 7, G. Ev. S. I C. G. H. 1782
. 5 G. Ev. S. J C. G. H. 1795
. 7 S. A. h E. Ind. . 1752
. 7, G. Ev. S. h C. G. H. 1819
. 7 S. A. I E. Ind. . 1819
. 7, H. A. ^ Egypt . 1820
PHARUS, Linn. From pharos, a covering; the
long broad leaves are used as wrappers for
various articles in Jamaica. Linn. 21, Or._ 6,
Nat. Or. Graminhcew. A fine stove species,
succeeding in rich loamy soil; young plants
may be obtained from seed.
Iatif61ius . . Green . 7, S. Grass 6 Jamaica . 1793
amÓ3nus . . Rod .
angulòsus . Pa. red
Caracálla . . Lilac .
chrysánthos. Yellow
compressus . White . .,
deràsus . . Wht. grn. 7, H. Tw. A.
gonospérmus Pa.vi.wt. 7, H. Tw. A.
h^matocixr- ^^
hélvolus
Brazil . 1819
7, II. Tw. A. 4
7, H. Tw. A. 4 Carlina. 1732
6,,H. Tw.A. 4 Mexico. 1820
7, H. Tw. A. 2 Jamaica 1786
S. Ev. Tw. 10 B.Ayres 1843
7, S. Tw. A. 10 E. Ind. 1779
6, H. Tw. A 2 Molucc. 1758
. . Pa. red
lathyroides . Scarlet
lobatus . . Yellow
lunàtus . . Green
Máx . . . Green
microspér
mus
[Brk. pur. 6, S. Tw. A. 2 Cuba . 1825
multìflòrus . Scarlet . 7, H. De.Tw. 10 S. Ame. 1033
albiflòrus . White . 8, H. De.Tw. 10 S. Ame. 1(ì33
Mùngo 2 . . Yellow . G, H. Tw. A. India . 1790
oblóngus . . Pa. vio. . 8, H. Tw. A. 2
tp crénnis 3 . DWrlk^i. f^p ur.f t 7. TI-TI. DTew.T Aw .
3 Carolina 1824
1
3 E. Ind.
3 W. Ind. 1781
6 Orinoco. 1820
. ^ 6 Mexico. 1825
7' l i . Tw. A.
3 Nopal . 1818
2
2 Carlina. 1732
__ 3 Africa . 1800
. 7', l iDe.Tw. 1 India . 1597
. 7 , H.De.Tw. 1 India .1597
1 India . 1597
sapon^ceus . White , 8, H. Tw. A.
sciiber . . . Yel. grn. 7, H. Tw. A.
• semieréctus. Bed . . 7, S. Tw. A.
speciòsus. .Scarlet . 7, S. De.Tw.
svlvéstris . Scai-let . 7, G. De.Tw.
toròsus . . Violet . 7,H.tùmidus . . White . T, H. Tw. A.
vexillatus . Grn. pur. 7, H. Tw. A.
violàceus. . Violet. . 7, S. Tw. A.
vulgaris . . White
fasciàtus . White . ., -
varieffàtus . White . 7, II.De.Tw.
X u a r J i i . . Red . . 7; H. Tw. A. S. Ame. 1818
alàtus, diversifbliitsì, Dolichoìdes, farinòms,
inamènm, mmsoUùcus, nanus, radiàtus, stipu-
Uris, sphéricus, subtrilobàtus, trilbbus.
PHAYLÓPSIS, Willdenow. From pliaylos, contemptible,
and opsis, appearance. Linn, li,
Or. 2, Nat. Or. Acanihàcece. Plants of little
beauty, growing in light rich soil ; young cuttings,
in the same sort of soil, placed under a
glass, in heat, "will root in a few days. Syno^
nyme: 1, J^tliciUma ivibricàta.
glutinósa. . White . 5, S. Her. P. 1 Guinea . 1824
hnbricàta 1 . White . 6, S. Her. P. 1 Ma^"'^^ . 1822
longifòlla . White . 7, S. Ev. S. H S. Leone. 1822
PHEASANT'S EYE. See Adonis autumnàlis.
PHEBÀLIUM, VentenaL From phibale, a myr t l e ;
E E
U'