.. i í.
SPH 530 SPI SPI 531
ìh'-
f
norvégicus, plieàtus, i^urpurascciis, rùbens,
Teèdii.
SPH^ROLÒBIUM, Yvom sphaira, a sphere,
and lobos, a pod ; the pods are spherical.
Linn. 10, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Fabàcece. These
plants succeed best iu a mixture of loam and
peat ; and young cuttings root freel}^ in sand,
under a glass. Sijnonyme: 1, S. vnnus,
acuminatum . Orange . 5, G. Ev. S. 2 Swan R. 1842
mMium . . . Red . . 1, G. Ev. S. 2 N. Hoi. 1S03
vimineuml . Yellow . 7, G. Ev. S. 2 N. Hoi. 1S02
SFHÌEROMOKPHÌCA, DG Candolle. See Gràngea
minima.
SPH^RONÈMA, Fries, From sphaira, a sphere,
and naivia, gelatine ; in allusion to the mucous
receptacle in which the sporules arc inclosed.
Linn. 24, Or. 9, Xat. Or. Urcdinacece. Found
on dead \YQoii—Uc'pliaristoma, sicbulàtum.
SPH^RÓPHOROisr, Persoon, From spludra, a
globe, and ^plioreo, to bear ; form of fructification.
Linn. 24, Or. 8, Kat. Or. Parmeli'
àcece. A very elegant genus of Lichens, easily
known by its branched, smooth jiabit. The
species are found on m(^k^~coinpressum, coralloidesj
fràgile.
SPH^ROPH^SA, DG CandolU. From spliaira, a
sphere, and physa, a bladder ; the pods are
splierical and bladdeiy. Linn. 17, Or. 4,
Nat. Or. Fabàccce. This species succeeds in
common garden soil ; but is difficult to preserve
on account of the want of that saline
principle in which it grows in its native country
; the plants should, therefore, be occasionally
watered with salted water : they are increased
by seeds, which are sometimes ripened
in this country. SynonyviGs : 1, Colxitm casjnca,
Phàca salsula.
ciispica 1 . . Red . . 7, H. Her. P. 2 Siberia 181S
SPH^RÓPTERIS, Wallich. From sj^Jiaira, a globe,
and iJteris, a fern. Linn, 24, Or. 1, Kat. Or.
Polypodiaccm. Stove fern. Synomjme: 1, PGranèma
barbata.
barbata . . Yellow . 6, S. Her. P. 1 Nepaul .
SPH^ROSTÉMMA, Blitine. From sphaira, a globe,
and siGmma, a crown ; the filaments of the
stamens are coadunated into a fleshy solid mass,
the anthers only being at liberty, and nestling
in a number of little excavations of the mass.
Linn. 22, Or. 12, Nat. Or. Schizandràccce.
These interesting plants succeed well in a mixture
of sandy peat and loam ; and cuttings
root in sand, under a glass, in heat. BynonymG:
1, ICadsùra propìnqua,
marmoràtum Y'"ellow . 7, S. Ev. CI. 6 Bonieo .
propinquum 1 Yellow . 7, S. Ev. CL 6 Nepal . 1828
SPHÌEROSTÌGMA, Fischer and Meyer, From
sphaira, a globe, and stigma^ a stigma. Linn,
8, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Onagrctccce. Same cultivation
as for (Enothera, SynonyniG: 1, CEnòihera
spiralis.
Chamissònis Yel.
cheiranthi- ) vai
fòlium . J
h i r t um . . Y'el.
micrànthum. Yel.
minutiflòrum Yel.
spiràle 1 . . Yel.
strigulòsum. Yel.
. 8, H. A. 1 Russia , . 1837
F. Ev. S. 1 Chili . . 1820
. S, H. A. ^ Russia . . 183G
. G, H. A. f Californ. 1820
. S, H. A. 1 Russia . . 1837
. G, H. A. 1 N. Amer. 183G
. G, H. A. 1 Californ. 183G
SPH.ERÓTELE, PrGsl. From sphaira, a sphere ;
the stigma is round. Linn. 6, Or. 1, Nat. Or.
A maryllidàcece. For cultivation of this genus,
Ainart/llis. Synonyme: 1, Steriomésson coccineum,
coccineum 1 . Scarlet . 5, G. Bu. P. 1 Peru . 1S50
SPHAGNUM, Linn. A name used by Pliny for
some kind of moss. Limi. 24, Or. 5, Nat. Or.
BryàcGw. The species belonging to this genus
are found in bogs at all seasons. The leaves
are nerveless, and of a singularly ^ whitish
colour. Synonymes: 1, S. capillifoliitm ; 2,
8. — acutifòlium 1, cuspidàtum,
obtusifòlium, o. vulgàre 2, o. fiìiitans, o.
minus, squarròsum.
SPIIENANDRA. See Buchnèra.
SPHENODÉSME, Jack. From sphen, a wedge, and
desine, fascicle ; in allusion to the fascicles of
flowers. Linn. 5, Or. 1, Nat. Oi\'Verbenàcem.
This species succeeds in sandy loam ; and is
increased by cuttings, planted in sand, under
a glass, in heat.
pent^ndra . . White . 6, S. Kv. CI. 6 E. Ind. . 1823
SPHENÓGYNE, K Brown. From sphen, a wedge,
and gyne, a female ; in allusion to the wedgeshaped
stigmas. Linn. If), Or. 3, Nat. Or.
AsieràcGce. This is a genus of very elegant
under-shrubs, and half-hardy annuals. They
succeed best in a mixture of loam and peat ;
and cuttings of the shrubby kinds root readily
in sand, under a glass. Synonymes : 1, Urstnia
fceniculàcea, Arctòtis fcenicidàcea ; 2, Arciotis
leucanthevioìdes.
1789
1774
17G8
1787
1825
1825
1774
1821
1774
1826
1836
7, G. Ev. S. 1 C. G. H.
8, H. A.
7, G. Ev. S.
6, G. Ev. S.
8, G. A.
8, G. A.
5, G. Ev, S.
12, G. Ev. S.
. C, G. Ev. S.
6, G. Ev. S.
7, H. A.
Brown. .From sphenoo, to
abrotanifòlia. Yel.
anthemoides Y'el.
crithmifòlia . Yel.
dentàta . . Yd.
foeniciilàcea 1 Yel.
leucanthemoides
2
odorata .
pilifera .
seariòsa .
serrata .
speciósa .
I y c L
. Yel.
, Yel.
. Yel.
. Yel.
. Yel.
SPHENÓTOMA,
\ C. G. H.
1 C. G. H.
l i C. G. H.
1 C. G. H.
R.
h C. G. H.
C. G. PL
C. G. I-I.
C. G. li.
C. G. H.
S. Amer.
cleave, and tome, a section ; in allusion to the
deeply-divided limb of the corolla. Linn. 5,
Or. 1, Nat. Or. Epacridàcece. Ornamental
shrubs. For culture and propagation, see
Epàcris, Synonymes: 1, Dracophyllum capitàtmn;
2, B. gràcile.
capitàtum 1 . White . 4, G. Ev. S. 1 N". tloll. 1830
gra;cile 2 . . . White . 5, G. Ev. S. 2 N. Holl. 1S2S
SPHERICAL, round, like a sphere.
SPHERULES, minute spheres, or globules.
SPIGATE, having a spike.
SPICKNEL. See Athamdnta.
SPIDER OPHRYS. See Ophrys aranifera,
SPIDERWORT. See Tradescdntia.
SPIELMINNIA, Mcdiciis. In honour of E. S.
Spielmann, professor of medicine and botany
at Strasburg. Linn. 1-1, Or. 2, Nat. Or. Verbenàcece.
This species will thrive in any light
rich soil and young plants are easily obtained
from cuttings, planted in sand, under a glass,
africàna . . White . . 7, G. Ev. S. 3 C. G. H. 1710
SPIGÈLIA, Linn, In honour of Adrian Spigelius,
professor of anatomy and surgery at Padua,
and a botanical author ; died 1625. Linn. 5,
Or. 1, Nat. Or. Loganiàcece. These plants are
showy when in blossom, and therefore worth
growing ; a compost of loam and peat suits
them best, and cuttings of the herbaceous
species root freely in the same kind of soil,
under a glass. The roots of S. mariUndica
are used in North America as a vermifuge, and
if administered in large doses, it acts as a
powerful cathartic. -
Anthélmia . Red . 7, S. A. S. Amer. 1759
marilándica . Searlet. 7, II. Her. P. Amer. 1694
spléudens . Crimson?, G. Her. P. Mexico . 1860
SPIGNELL. See Athamdnia.
SPIKE, a long rachis of sessile ñowers.
SPIKELETSJ in grasses, are collections of florets.
SPIKENARD. See NarcUstachys Jataviànsi,
SPIKE RUSH. See Eleocharis.
SPILANTHES, Jacqicin. From sjnlos, a spot, and
anthos, a flower ; in allusion to the original
species having yellow flowers and a brown
disk. Linn. 19, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Asteràcece.
Worthless plants, req^uiriag the treatment
commonly given to stove annuals. Synonyme:
1, Acmélla lanceolata—Acmélla, alba, brasilensis,
débilis, exasperàta, olerácea, Pseùdo-
Acmélla 1, uliginósa. Acmélla, Petròbiim,
a n d Plat^pieris,
SPILOCÌÌA, Fries. From sepilas, a spot. Linn.
24, Or. 9, Nat. Or. Uredinacece. This plant
grows upon apples, whence its specific name—•
pómi.
SPILÒMA, Acharius. Spiloma, a spot ; appearance
of the fructification. Linn, 24, Or. 8,
Nat. Or. Parmeliàcece. The species of SpiVovia
are generally found on the baric of trees and
decaying wood—anràium, decolorans^ dispérsum,
melanhpiim, microclònum, microscópicum,
murale, pundìitiim, tubercitlosum, tumididiivi,
t. còncolor, t. deirltum-, t. dvhiiim, t. oìiarginàtum,
t. microstigma, t. rosàceiim, variolòs-um,
versicolor.
SPINACH, Spinàcia,
SPINICIA, Linn. From spiina, a prickle ; in allusion
to the prickly processes of the fruit.
Linn. 22, Or. 5, Nat. Or. ChenopodÀàcem.
Valuable herbs, of the commonest culture, and
well known by the English name Spinach.
olerácea . . . Green . 6, H. A. . 1568
glábra . . . Green . 6, H. A.
spinósa . . . Green . 6, PI. A.
SPÌNA-CHRÌSTI . See Zizyphus Spina-Christi.
SPINDLE-MOULD. See Fusàrium.
SPINDLE-TREE. See Euónymiis.
SPINES, indurated and pointed branches or processes,
which do not fall off from the part that
bears them.
SPINOUS, furnished with spines.
SPIR^A, Linn, From speirao, to become spiral;
in allusion to the flexile branches being suitable
for twisting into garlands. Linn, 12, Or.
2, Nat. Or. Rosacem. An extensive genus of
very handsome plants, when in flower. The
shrubby kinds are w^ell adapted for planting in
ornamental shrubberies ; and are increased by
layers, or cuttings of the young wood. The
SPI
herbaceous species look well in the flower
border ; and are easily increased by dividing
the plants at the roots. Synonyines: 1, S.
hypericifòlia acuta ; 2, S, media ; 3, S, oblongifolia;
4, S, sordria ; 5, S. Besseriàna; 6, S.
Ulmària denudata; 7, S. altaiénsis; 8, S.
hypericifòlia crenàta ; 9, S. carpinifòlia ; 10,
S. salicifòlia alba; 11, S. hypericifòlia savrdnica
; 12, S. grandiflòra; 13, S. triloba;
14, S. hypericifòlia tcralénsis, S. crenàta; 15,
S. argèntea; 16, S. canéscens ; 17, S. covymhosa
; 18, Amelànchier racemosa ; 19, S. flcxuòsa,
S. decimnbens. See Gillènia, Ilotàa, and
Schizonòtus,
l
acutifòlia 1 . White
adiantifòlial9 "Wt. rose
alpina .
argéntea
. White
. White
. White
. White
. White
. White
. Red .
. Pink .
, White
. White
. White
ariaifòlia
Arúneus .
americana
barbata .
bèlla . .
betulifòlia
callosa
càna . .
capitàta .
ceanothifòlia White
chamas drifòlia.
.
incìsa .
mèdia 2
oblongif
òlia 3
subrace- \
mòsa . j
vulgaris
4, H. De.
S. 4 Siberia . 1817
7, H. De.
S. 3 . 1849
7, H. Do.
S. 2 Siberia . 1806
7, H. De.
S. 2 Nepal .
6, H. De.
S. 6 N. Amer. 1827
6, H. Her.
P. 4 Siberia . 1683
6, H. Her.
P. 4 N. Amer.
6, H. Her.
P. 4 Nepal . 1835
7, H. De.
S. 3 Nepal . 1820
6, H. De.
S. 2 N. Amer. 1812
7, H. De.
S. 3 China . 1845
6, H. De.
S. Hungary 1825
G, H. De.
S. 3" Columb. 1827
(>, H. De.
S. 2 . 1823
6, H. De. S. 2 Siberia . 1789
6, H. De. S. Germny.
6, H. De. S. Canada .
G, H. De. S. 3 Hungary 1816
, 6, H. De. S. 1-^-
G, H. De. S. 2
, 7, 11. De. S. 1-^-Virginia 1819
. 8, H. De. S. l-J N. Amer. 1829
, 7, H. De. S. 3 Siberia . 1812
. 4, H. De. S. 2 Podolia
4, H. De. S. 2 India
5, H. De. S. 2 China
7, H. Her. P. 2 S. Eur.
7, H. Her. P. 2 Siberia
8, H. Ev. S, 3 Columb.
6, H. De. S. 3 Kamaon 1846
11, H. Ev. -S. 2 Mexico . 1841
9, H. Tu. P. 2 Britain
8, H. Tu. P. 1 Europe
8, H. Her. P. 1 Brit., gar.
8, H. Tu. P. France
G, H. De. S. 4 Europe . 1820
6, G. Ev. S. 2 Japan . 1859
6, H. De. S. 3 China . 1854
4, H. De. S. 4 N. Amer, 1640
White
White
White
White
White
White
corymbòsa . White
soròria 4 . White
cratcegifòlia . White
crenàta 5 . White
cuneifòlia 16. White .
decúmbens . Wt. red
denudàta 6 . White .
digitata . . R e d . .
Douglássii . Rose
expánsa . . Pink
fissa 15 . . Whi te .
Filipéndula . White .
minor . . White .
multiplex . White .
pubéñcens . White .
flexuòsa . . White .
Fortune! . . Rose .
grandiflòra 18 White .
hypericifòlia White .
japónica . . R.osewt.
kamtchática. White .
himalénsis. White .
Lindleyàna . White .
Isevigàta 7 . Red . .
lanceolata . White .
laxiflòra . . White .
lobàta . . . Red . .
Nobleàna . Pink
nepalénsis . White .
obovata 8 . White .
opulifòha . White .
tomentélla. White .
palmáta . . Red . .
pickowiénsis White .
prunifòUa . White .
flòre-pièno . White .
pubéscens . White .
Reevesianal7 White .
rotimdifòlia . White .
salicifòlia . Whit e .
alpéstrís . White .
carnea . . Flesh .
gi-andiflòra. Pink .
1739
1845
1823
4, H. De. S. 4 Canada .
6, H. Her.
6, H. De.
6, H. Ev.
6, PI. Ev.
5, H. De.
5, li. De.
6, H. De.
7, H. Her.
5, H. Ev.
6, H. De.
G, H. De.
G, H. De.
G, H. De.
7, H. Her.
G. H. Do.
4, H. De.
G, H. De.
3, H. De.
5, H. Ev.
G, H. Her.
7, PL De.
7, H. De.
7, H. De.
7, H, Her.
P. 3 Japan . 1836
S. 2 India . 1830
S. 2 Plimlays. 1838
S. 2 Himlays.
S. 4 Siberia . 1774
S. 3 Maurit.
S. 2 India . 1849
P. 2 N. Amer. 1765
S. 2 Californ. 1859
S. 3 Nepal . 1824
S. 8 Hungary 1816
S. 4 N. Amer. 1690
S. 4 N. Amer.
P. 2 China . 1823
S. 4 Podolia . 1807
S. 3 China . 1844
S. 3 China . 1845
S. 2 Chusan 1843
S. 2 China . 1843
P. 2 Csbmere.1840
S. 5 Brit., woods
S. 5 R\issia . 1820
S. 5 Brit., woods
P. 5 Kmtsch. 1827
]SI M 2