
 
		1,1 
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 ly  in great  demand,  as  the  people  are  universally  taught  to read, and  are  
 eager for  information.  Education  is  diffused  throughout the Empire,  and  
 the  women  of  Japan, unlike  those of  China,  share  in  the  intellectual  advancement  
 of  the  men,  and  are  not  only  skilled  in  the  accomplishments  
 peculiar  to  their sex, but  are  frequently well versed  in their native  literature. 
   The  higher  classes of  the Japanese  with whom  the Americans were  
 brought into communication, were not  only thoroughly acquainted with  their  
 own  country, but  knew something of  the geography, the  material  progress,  
 and  contemporary history of  the  rest  of  the  world.  Questions  were  frequently  
 asked  by the  Japanese which proved an information, that,  considering  
 their isolated  situation, was quite  remarkable, until  explained by themselves  
 in the statement  that  periodicals of  literature, science, arts, and  politics, 
  were annually received  from  .Europe  through the Dutch at  Nagasaki 5  
 that  some  of  these  were  translated,  republished,  and  distributed  through  
 the  Empire.  Thus  they were enabled  to speak somewhat knowingly about  
 our  railroads,  telegraphs,  daguerreotypes,  Paixhan  guns,  and  steam-ships,  
 none of  which had they ever seen  before CQmmodore  Perry’s visit.  Thus,  
 too,  they could  converse  intelligently about  the  European  war,  about  the  
 American  revolution, Washington,  and  Buonaparte.  As  strikingly  illustrative  
 of  the extent of  their  information  as  to  passing  events  out  of  the  
 Empire, Lieutenant  Bent relates that when  he was  there in the  Preble  in  
 1849,  after the close of  the war with  Mexico, the interpreters, in their very  
 first  interview with Captain Glynn,  said :  “ You have had a war with Mexico  
 ? ”  “ Yes.”  “ You whipped them ? ”  Yes.”  “ You  have  taken a part 
 of  their territory?”  “ Yes.”  9 And you  have  discovered  large quantities  
 of  gold  in  it ? ”  And  after the seamen, whom Captain  Glynn went to demand, 
   were  given up,  they stated  to  our officers  that,  from  the  guards  of  
 their  prison  in  Matsmai  (many  hundred  miles  from  Nagasaki), they  had  
 heard of  every battle  we  had  with the  Mexicans,  and of  every victory we  
 gained.  The  Japanese learned the facts from the Dutch. 
 As the better  classes  showed  an  intelligent  interest in  all  they saw  on  
 board the ships and steamers that was novel  to  them,  so the  common people  
 exhibited an importunate curiosity about all  that pertained to the dress and  
 persons of- the Americans whenever  they visited  the  land.  The  Japanese  
 were  constantly besetting  the  officers and  sailors  in the  streets, making all  
 kinds  of pantomimic  inquiries  about  the  English  names of  some  part of  
 their  persons  and  apparel,  from hat  to boots, taking  out  their  paper  and  
 pencil and making memoranda of  the newly acquired English words. 
 The  Japanese  are  hard  workers, but  they compensate themselves  with  
 occasional  holidays,  and  the  evenings  and  hours  of  leisure  with  frequent  
 games and amusements.  One  day,  at  Hakodadi, Dr.  Green,  the fleet  sur •  
 geon, and  Mr.  Jones, the chaplain, were strolling through the streets,  when  
 a  shower  of  rain  drove  them  for  shelter into  a sort  of military station or