6 AiNNAlS OF THE POÏAL BOTANIC GARDEN', CALCUTTA.
perianth; tLe double polypetalous corolla; the numerous hypogynous cstrorse stamens with
more or less enlarged, often cunéate, connectives ; and the convex receptacles bearing
numerous apocarpous pistüs. The gamopetalous species with the pistils united into a
single unilocular, multi-ovular ovary and with large, many-seeded fruit had been formed
into the genus Ilonodora ; while the genus Miliusu liad been provided for the spcciea witli
flowers in which the petals of the outer row are very small and scpaline in character,
^^-hile the inner petals are large, more or less gibbous and united towards their bases, the
stamens having then: connectives pointed and not ti-uncate at the apex. A little later
than the date of M. DeCandolle's Monogi-aph, the abberant ])lauts with flowers in which
the perianth is replaced by a large deciduous bract, with perigynous stamens, and with
concave floral receptacles in which the pseudo-inferior carpels are buried, had already
found a home in the genus Eupomatia of R. Brown. The large accessions of newmaterial
which have been received both from the New and Old Worlds during the years
that have elapsed since the publication of the genus Eiipomaiia, have contained but few
ilorms strikingly different from those which form the bulk of the order as DcCairdoIle
left i t ; and many of them might, by a little modification of generic diagnoses, have
been included in genera already existing. During this p3riod of sixty years there liave
been published about twenty-five new genera which appear worthy of being maintained;
and of these the most strikingly divergent from the Anonaceous typa are Disepalum and
Tetrapctalum, in which the floral symmetry is not trimerous, and Enantia, M-here the
outer whorl of the corolla is absent. Of these twenty-five genera, four are tropical
American, viz., Oxandra, A. Rich., Cympopetahm, Benth., Uderopelalim,' Benth., and
Saprantkus, Seem. ; ioxiv are African, viz., CieiMlamys, Oliv., Enanlia, Oliv., Clatkrospcrmim
- Planch., and Piptostcgia,'' Oliv. ; and the remaining seventeen, viz., Cyatlmtemmu,
Griff kwroea, Dalz., Popowia, Endl., Saccopeiahm, Benn., Cyathocalyz, Champ., Fhoeanihu^,
Î-I f ' ' & Th tiphoerothalamus, Hook, fil., Disepalum, Hook, fil., Tetrapdalum, Miq., Ellipeia,
I-l" f & Th Kingstonia, H. f. & Th., Alphonsca, II. f. & Th., Drepananthus, Maing.,
Me,sltUa, liecc., Eburopdalum, Becc., Enicosantlmmm, Becc., and liarcuccia, Bocc., are
Indo-JIalayan.
Durino- these same sixty years the whole order has been critically examined
by Sir Jo°eph Hooker and the" late Mr. Bentham ia their Genera Plantarum, by
M Bâillon in his Mémoires, in Adansonia* in his Dictionaire de h Botanique,
and in his Uistoire Des Flmte$'-, also more recently by Dr. Prantl in Engler
•nid Prantl's Pflansenfumilien. Messrs. Hooker and Bentham have arranged the whole
famüy into live tribes by. characters derived from the form and arrangement of the petals
and stamens • while M. Bâillon has arranged it under four series, two of which (the
thii-d and fourth, containing a single genus each) are separated from the others by charac
ters taken from the arrangement of the carpels; the other two (the first and second)
beino- separated from each other by the form of the outer row of petals. The second
contains only two genera, while the first contains twenty-five; and for the grouping
of these twenty-five genera of the first series into sub-series, M. Bâillon depends on
almost the veiy characters on which Messrs. Bentham and Hooker rely for dividing
the whole family into tribes.
(1) & (3) Tbcse Konora ore reduccd to Fhaantlius by M. Bailloo.
lleduced to Fopowia by Bailloa. I (4) Vol, VIII. Vol, I.,
ANONACB.E OF BEITISH I.NDIA.
The points of harmony and contrast in these two arrangements will perhaps be
best understood by printing them side by side, thus : -
M. Baillons arrangement.
SERIES 1. ANONE^-Floral receptacles convex
; gyncocium polycarpous; the
ovaries quite free at first; perianth
hypogynous, triple; the two iimer
vows corolline, the outer sepoliue
(i.e., calys sicgle).
SVB-SEIIIES1. rvAKiE.lv. I'laria, SplHeroUuilumm,
Sayerrm, Tdrapetakm, Cananga,
Aleremoa, CleUtochlamySy Oxandra.
2. Ijso^E.i;. VnonafAnaxagoreajDhepaliim,
Bocngea, Popoicm.
f. Xylopie^e. Xylopia, Anona.
4. Kolline.T!. nollinia, Ariahot)-ys,
Cyaihocalux, Hexatohii.
5. OxYSirritE^ic. Oxymitra, Atrutvegia,
mtrephora, Oroplm, Qijmhopetalum,
Enaniia.
SERIES II. MILIL'SEiE.-Eeceptacles and gynmeiiam
as in Anonece ; perianth
hypogyneus ; the two outer rows
sepaline, the inuer row corolline
(£.«., calys double). .
2[UiMa, Phceanthus.
SERIES III. MONODOEE.a:.—Receptacle convex
; ovary superior, tmilocular with
numeroua multi-ovular placentas.
Pruit couformable to tlio ovary,
poIyspermouB, its pericarp woody.
Perianth triple ; corolla variable,
gamopetalous.
Monodora.
SERIES IV. EUPOMATIE^E.—Carpels inserted
in the interior of a receptaculfti sac
. iu sliape like the infiorracence of
fig. Stamens perigynous (pseud
epigynoufi, only the outer ones fertile).
Perianth replaced by a brae
which protects the flower.
Eupomaiia.
MM. Bentham ^ Uoolterh arrangement.
TRIBE I. UYARIEiK.—Petals flat, spreading
during the flowering, all (or
at least the inner) imbricate. Stamens
densely crowded ; the connective
dilatod at the apes and concealing
the anther-cells. Sageran,
Sle/cc/iocarpus, Urdiia, Porcelia,
Spli«i-oihahmns, EHipei'), Guuttena,
Dugmiia.
TRIBE 11. UXONEiE.-Petals flat, slightly
unequal, or the inner sitall or
absent ; all spreading during flowering,
or rarely concave and conoivent,
valvate in two series. Stamens as
in Uvariecc. Cyathocalyx, ATiahoiryu,
Hexnlobus, Ccinciiiga, Tfitnna, Asimila,
Trujyneia, Disepalvm, Polyallhia,
Anaxagorea, Popozcia.
TRIBE I I I . UITREPHOREiE.—Petals valvate;
the outer gaping, the inner
ereeto-connivent or connate round
the andro-gyncEcium. Stamens as
in Uvarieo). Richella, Oxymiiyu,
Goniothalamus, Mitiephora, 2IOHCdora,
Phmnihus, Anomianthig,
Hetei-opdaIvm, Cymlojx-iahm.
TRIBE IV. XYLOPIE^.-Outer petals fleshy,
connivent, or scarcely gaping; the
interior smaller, covered, or minute
or absent. Stamens as in Uvarietc.
RolUnia, A nonn, Mclodorim, XtjlojHa,
Habzeliu.
TRIBE V. MILITJSI-®.—Petals various. Stamens
loosely imbricate, the connective
scoicely or nut at all dilated
beyond the conspicuous dorsal
anthers. Milium, Saccnpeinlvm,
^Orophen, Alphorisca, Chihrospctimm,
Bocagea, Eii])Oiiinfin.
I also subjoin a synopsis of the arrangement followed by Dr. Prantl in the
PJlg,nzenfamiUen ef himself and Dr. Engler.