p
oblique, spreading, ronnded-obovate, entire or denticulate ; perianth terminal.
Grows with No. 1. (Eu.)
* * Amphigastria fugacious, 2 - 3-cleJl.
3. P. porelloides, Lindenberg. Stems divided; the branches ascending
; leaves rather imbricated, convex-gibbous, roundcd-obovate, those at aud near
the summit of the stem rcpand-denticulato, the others entire ; perianth oblong,
the mouth denticulate. — Among Mosses, at the base of trees in swamps.
4. P. macrostoma, Sulliv. Stems prostrate, rooting copiously,
branched; branches not ascending; leaves nearly oval, horizontal, entire or
slightly repand; perianth broadly obconio, the month compressed, margin répand;
amphigastria lanceolate, 2 - 3-cleft. — Moist banks and decayed logs,
Ohio. (Tab. VIII.)
5. P. Pudovicisina, Sulliv. Main branches ascending, flexuous, sparingly
ramulose ; leaves patent-divergent, semi-ovate, 2 - 3-dentate at the apex,
their ventral margins deeurrent and forming two parallel crest-like lines on the
under side of the stem, the dorsal margins reflexed and entire, the ventral spinu-
lose-dcntato ; amphigastria deeply 2 -3-cleft, the segments ciliate-dentate.—
Bark of trees, Louisiana.
6. P. l im l s i t a , SuUiv. Eesembles the last; hut is more rigid, with simple
branches ; leaves horizontal, triangular-ovate, obtuse, emarginate, or sparingly
dentate at the apex, the dorsal margins reflexed and entire, the ventral repand-
undulate and forming crcst-liko lines as in No. 4 ; amphigastria 2-cleft, the segments
dentate. — Shaded rocky banks of the Savannah Eiver, Georgia.
27. SA K C O SC Y PH P S , Corda. (Tab, VII.)
Eructification terminal. Involucral leaves united nearly to the top into an
.oblong tube. Perianth 4 -6-toothed, connate (except the teeth) with the interior
surface of the involucral leaves. Calyptea membranaceous. Capsule glo-
.bose. Elaters with two spiral fibres. Antheridia in the saccate base of pcrigo-
nial leaves. Stems erect, producing from their base runner-like rootlets. Stem-
leaves 2-lobcd. Amphigastria none. (Name composed of (xdpg, flesh, and
<TKÎ(pos, a cup; from tho fleshy tubular involucre.)
1. S. E h r l l i i r t i , Corda. Leaves erect-spreading, rather quadrate, embracing
the stem by the broad base ; lobes obtuse. — On mountains, — Plant of
a firm texture, dark green or brownish-purple. (Tab. VII.)
28. GYMNOniÎTBIPM, Corda. (Tab. VII.)
Eructification terminal. Involucral leaves 2 - 4 , convolute, emarginate. Perianth
none. Calyptra short. Capsule globose. Elaters with two spiral fibres.
Antheridia obovate, axillary. Stem-leaves 2-lobed. Amphigastria none.
(Name from yvpvhs, naked, and pirpiov, a little cap ; the calyptra not covered by
a perianth.)
1. G . c o n c i n n à t u m , Corda. Stems erect, filiform, brittle, sparingly
branched; branches thickened at the apex, obtuse; leaves densely imbricated,
ovate, with a narrow membranaceous margin. — Alpine regions of tho White
Mountains, New Hampshire, Oakes. — A small species, growing in compact
masses, of a whitish or silvery hue. (Eu.)
* * Loaves incubous ; the apex o f each loaf lying on the base of the n e x t
29. FBTJEEÀ N IA, Kaddi. (Tab. VHI.)
Eructification terminal on proper branches. Involucral leaves 2 or 4, two-
lobcd, not auriculate. Perianth oval or obovate, terete or 3-4-anglcd, mucro-
nato at tbe apex by a tubular mouth. Pistillidia 2 or 4. Calyptra pear-shaped,
persistent, rupturing below tbe apex. Capsule globular, 4-cleft half-way down.
Elaters truncate at both ends, with one spiral fibre, adherent to the valves, erect.
Spores large, irregular, minutely muricate. Inflorescence dioecious. Antheridia
in the saccate base of closely imbricated 2-lobcd perigonial leaves. Stem-
leaves 2-lobed; the lower lobe usually an inflated hchnot-shaped appendage (auricle).
Amphigastria entire or 2-tootbed, throwing out rootlets from tlieir base.
(A personal name.)
1. F . Grayàlia, Montagne. Stems creeping, simply pinnate; leaves
nearly orbicular, concave, dccurved, marked in the middle by a necklaco-form
line; auricle oblong-club-shaped, emarginate at the lower end; involucral leaves
unequally 2-cIeft ; tho dorsal segment oblong, pointed, nearly entire, the ventral
awl-shaped; amphigastria oblong, flat, 2-cleft, the sinus obtuse; perianth pear-
shaped, 3-sided, obtusely keeled beneath. — On trees and rocks ; frequent. — Foliage
glossy, varying from deep purplish-brown to dark green. (Tab. VIII.)
2. F. Tamarisci, Nees. Near No. 1 ; distingnisbed by its more rigid
habit ; bipinnate ramification ; serrulate involucral leaves ; and differently shaped
amphigastria with revolute margins. — A variety only of tliis species is attributed
to this country, with obtuse leaves, expanded auricles, and plane amphigastria.
(G. L. ^ N. Syn. Ilepat.) (Eu.)
3. F . Tayl. Stems sp.aringly branched ; leaves reddish,
lax, patent, oblong, obtuse ; auricles decurvcd ; amphigastria minute, oblong,
bifid; perianth ovate from a narrow base, retuse at the apex. —Bark of trees,
Louisiana. — A small species.
4. F. C a r o l i n i à o a , Sulliv. Stem 6 " - 12" long, rather wide, irregularly
branched; leaves closely imbricating, oval-rotund; auricle small, olongated,^dis-
tant from tho stem, with a style inteiposed; amphigastria ovate-rotund, double
the width of the stem, bifid, its scgmeuts repand ; perianth pyiifonn, plane
above, obtusely carinate beneath. — Trees, North CaroUna, near the coast.
5. F. Iliitclsînsiæ, Nees. Stems ( I '- 2 ' long, about 1" broad) subpin-
nately branched; leaves dark olive-green verging on black, ovate, acute, dentate
serrate ; amphigiistria roundish, plane, bifid, subseiTate, perianth ohlong-obo-
vate, plane above, keeled b e n e a th ,-O n stones, in mountain rivulets of the
Southern States. (Eu.)
6. F. Vii-ginica, Lehm. Stems creeping, vaguely branched; leaves
ncariy ovate, entire, concave, the auricle sometimes expanded into a lanceolate
lami.ia; a m p h i g i t s t r i a 'romid-ovatc, double tho width of the stem, 2-clcft; perianth
pear-shaped, rather compressed, tuberculate, 4-keeIcd beneath, 2 - 4-keeled
59