Acrocarpi; stems firm from a suberect rhizoma (hence forming more compact
tnfts), almost woody, triangular, dark purple, shining; leaves rigid and coriaceous,
linear-lanceolate, below sheathing, above spreading, and mostly occupied
by the broad lamclligerous costa. (Name from moKvs, many, and 6pii, vpixo's,
a hair; from tho hairy covering of the calyptra.)
1. P . C O lllI ïlÙ lie j Linn. Stems erect, mostly simple ; leaves spreading
or recm-vod, flat, seirate on the margins and back ; the lamellæ somewhat 2-clcft
at their margins ; capsule oblong, 4-sidcd, the angles acute ; operculum shortly
rostrate from a convex base. — Shady moist places ; common,—Plant 6 '-1 2 '
high. (Tab. IH .) (Eu.)
2. P . f o rm ò S M l l l , Hedw. Differs from the preceding by its longer and
slightly curved capsule with obtuse angles, a smaller ohconic apophysis tapering
into tbe pedicel, and tho conical operculum. — Woods, around the base of trees,
&o. (Eu.)
3. P . g r à c i l e , Menzies. Usually somewhat smaller than No. 1 or 2 ;
capsule ovate, 4-6-sidcd, obtuse-angled; operculum long-rostrate; the hairy
covoi-ing of the calyptra shorter thau the capsule ; spores larger ; basal membrane
of the peristome not emergent. — Boggy places, Ipswich, Massachusetts,
Oahes. (Eu.)
4. P . j u n i p c r i n n n i , Hedw. Stem simple or divided; leaves linear-
lanceolate, awn-pointed, denticulate on the back, the margins inflexed, entire ;
capsule and operculum as in No. 1. — Var. stkictum. Stems elongated, slender;
leaves appressed; capsule cubical. — Margins of woods, in exposed places,
&c. — Plan t 4 ' - 7' high ; the variety subalpine. (Eu.)
5. P . p i l i f e r u i n , Schreb. Stems simple ; leaves clustered at the summit,
lanceolate, tho margins inflexed, entire ; costa exoutTcnt into a long diaphanous
and spinulose awn; capsule ovate-oblong, 4-sided; operculum conical,
rostrate. — Eocky places, in mountainous districts. — Plant 2 '- 4 ' high. (Eu.)
T k ib e X IX . B E Ÿ E Æ .
4 6 . T Î M M I A , Hedw. (Tab. III.)
Calyptra large, ciicuUiform. Operculum hemispherical, papillate or with a
central depression. Capsule ohiong, snbpyiiform, erect-cernuous, broadly annulate,
long-pediceUate. Peristome double; the exterior of 16 lanceolate ge-
niculato-iuourvod teeth ; the interior, a membrane divided half-way into 64 cilia
coherent in fours at their apices. Inflorescence monoecious ; male flower gemmiform,
axillary. —Partaking more or less of the characters of Mnium, Aulacom-
nion,’ and Polytrichum; stems cæspitose, ascending from a decumbent radiculose
base, innovating sparingly above ; leaves of a firm and rather rigid texture,
sheathing at the base, elongated-lanceolate, spreading, strongly dentate, with a
stout and terete percim-cnt costa ; areolæ rotund above, elongated-hexagonal
below. (Named after J . C. Timm, a German botanist.)
1. T . m e g a p o l i t s i n a , Hedw. — The calyptra is often an-cstcd in its
growth, and found attached to the pedicel, having given egress to tho capsule by
a lateral fissure not extending through its tubular base. — Shady banks of water-
coui'scs ; not uncommon. (Tab. III.) (Eu.)
4 7 . A Ï I F A C O I i lA I O iV , Scbwægr. (Tab. m . )
Calyptra cuculliform. Operculum shortly and obtusely rostellate from a
convex base. Capsule oblong, cernuous, striate (ribbed wben dry), long-pcdicellate,
annulate. Peristome as in Bryum, but with ciliolæ (2 or 3 together)
always present. Inflorescence monoecious or dioecious. — Plants having, besides
a peculiar habit of their own, a mixed resemblance to species of Mnium,
Bartramia, andMeesia; stems erect, tomentose; upper portion of the branches
in some species elongated, leafless, pedicel-like, and terminated by capitula of
rudimentary leaves (pseudopodia) ; leaves oblong or linear-lanceolate, costate
nearly to the apex, with a granular dot-likc areolation. (Name from avXa^,
-aKos, a furrow, and pvLov, a moss, in allusion to the fun'owed or ribbed capsule.)
1. A. Stctci'osticliUim, Br. & Sch. Leaves obovate-oblong, strongly
serrate, turned to one side ; capsule cylindrical-oblong, slightly curved ; operculum
obliquely rostellate. — Woods, moist shady banks, &c. ; common. — Monoe-
cioiis ; sterile flower gemmiform, axillary : pseudopodia wanting. (Tab. III.)
2. A . tm’g'idum, Scbwægr. Leaves ovate-oblong, obtuse, entire; capsule
curved, somewhat gibbous. — White Mountains of New Hampshire. —Dioecious
: sterile flower discoid : presence of pseudopodia doubtful.
3. A . p a l u s t r e ^ Schwoegr. Leaves elongated-lanceolate, denticulate at
tho apex; capsule cernuous, ovate-oblong, gibbous at the back.—Borders of
swamps; not unfrequent.—Infiorescence as in No. 2 : pseudopodia less frequent
than in tbe next species. (Eu.)
4. A . a i i d r o g ’y u u m ) Scbwægr. Dioecious-; a miniature resemblance
of the preceding species ; distinguished, by its gemmiform male flower and oblong,
regular, inclined capsule: pseudopodia more abundant and fruit more
rare. — Chimney Rocks, on the French Broad River, Tennessee. (Eu.)
4 8 . B B A T J IW , Br. &Sch. (Tab. lY .)
Calyptra small, cuculliform, fugacious. Operculum convex, apiculate or
shortly rostellate. Capsule pyriform, clavate or oblong, with a tapering neck
or apophysis, inclmcd or pendulous, long-pedicellate, mostly annulate. Peristome
double; tbe exterior 16 lanceolate teeth, with a flexuous medial line,
hygroscopic; articulation close, intcraally prominent : the interior a membrane
divided half-way into 16 carinate processes or cilia, alternating with the teeth ;
intermediate ciliolæ ( 1 - 3 together) mostly present. Inflorescence various:
male flower with filiform paraphyses. — A v e ry natural genus, containing numerous
species, growing on tho ground or on rocks, seldom on trees; stems
closely coespitose, erect, sparingly branched by innovations from tbe floral apex ;
leaves enlarged as they ascend, usually of an ovate or lanceolate outline, with a
percurrent costa, smooth texture, and rather large rhomboidal areolation.
(Bpuoi/, an ancient name for Moss.)