Div . ÌI. Pleurocdrpi.
Eruit latcrcol on the stem or branches. (Peristome mostly double.)
T r ib e X X IV . F O X T IN Â L E Æ .
5 9 . F O W T I N À F I S , Dill, P ountain-Moss. (Tab. IV.)
Calyptra small, conic, crenate or somewhat lacerate at tho base. Operculnm
conic. Capsule ovate, oval, or cylindrical, subsessile. Peristome double ; the
exterior 16 linear-lanceolatc teeth cohering at their apices in pairs ; tho interior
16 cilia connected by cross-bars, forming a more or less complete tessellated cone
Inflorescence dioecious. — Large Mosses, floating in water, and rooting at their
base only ; leaves 3-rankcd, ecostate, with a minute linear areolation ; capsule
immersed in the perichætial leaves, and terminal on short, lateral, supra-axillary
branches. (Name ivomfonihialis, a fountain, in allusion to its place of growth.)
1. F . aiitìpyrética, L. Stems 8 '- 1 2 'long, very much divided, flex
ile ; leaves broadly ovatc-acuminate, corapHcate-carinate, the margin on one side
reflexed ; perichætial leaves oblong, obtuse, eroded at the apex, closely embracing
the oval capsule; inner peristome a complete tessellated cone. — Mountain
rivulets, New England. — Variable in size and color. (Tab. IV.) (Eu.)
2. F. squamosa, L. ? Smaller than No. 1; ramification more fasciculate;
leaves concave, not complicate-carinate. — Mountain streams, Southern
States : without fruit. — Perhaps a different species. (Eu.)
3. F. ?>ilorilliS, Sulliv. Leaves of two forms, those appearing in tho
spring large, broad, ovate-lanceolate, concave, flaccid, disappearing in the summer,
and succeeded by others much smaller, naiTOwly linear-lanceolatc, convolute,
and clothing new branches ; both kinds denticulate at the apex, their basal
angles amiculate, and composed of large oblong pellucid cellules ; capsule oval
or oblong-cylindrical; perichætial leaves as in No. 1 ; operculum more elongate
d ; teeth of the exterior peristome with 1 8 -2 0 articulations; cilia of the interior
peristome connected at their tips only by a few cross-bars, elsewhere appendiculate.
(F. disticha, var. Muse. AUeghan., No. 191, and Pilotrichum sphagni-
folium, Mull. Synop. 2. p. 150, are the spring state of the plant; E. disticha, var
Muse. AUeghan., No. 192, and Pilotrichum distichum, Mull I c., are the summer
state.) —Woodland rivulets, near Columbus, Ohio : New Haven, Conn., Z>.
E . Eaton. — Fruit rare : male flowers terminal on short club-shaped branches.
4. F . disticlia, Hook. & Wils. (in Drum. S. Mosses, No. 151.) A stiff,
'elastic species, much more slender than any of the preceding ; stems reddish ;
branches short and widely spreading ; leaves erect-patent or rather appressed,
linear-lanceolate, convolute, attenuated, dentate at the extreme point ; capsule
cylindrical, its length 5 times its diameter; operculum narrowly conic, one third
as long as the capsule ; teeth of the peristome more or less cleft along the medial
line between the 12-15 articulations ; cilia granulated and connected as in
No. 3. — Rivulets near Mobile, Alabama.
5. F. liCSClirii, Sulliv. (Muse. Bor.-Amer., No. 228.) Near the last,
but a soft, flaccid, and somewhat larger species; leaves broader, shorter, not
so attenuated, nor the areolation so linear; capsule cylindrical, its length only
2^ times its diameter, and with a pcrichætial branch much longer; teeth of the
peristome not cleft along the centre, articulations 2 0 -2 5 ; cilia not so granulated,
more connected from their apices downwards by cross-bars : antheridia
3 - 5 , large, projecting beyond tho perigonial leaves, with long paraphyses. —
Falls of Little River, Lookout Mountains, Alabama, Lesquereux. — Fruit rare.
6. F . O a l c c a r l i c a i ) Bryol. Europ. Slender aud much divided ; branches
numerous, elongated, somewhat julaceous ; leaves nan-owly-lanceolate, convolute
; pcrichætial leaves acute, the 3 inner ones recuiwed at the apex and longer
than tho ovate capsule ; operculum short ; teeth of the peristome perforated
between the 10-12 articulations; cilia as in No. 3, but not granulated. — (F.
squamosa, Drum. Muse. Amer., No. 233; Muse. AUeghan., No. 188.) — White
Mountains, Oalces, James; Fulton County, New York, D. E . Eaton. (Eu.)
6 0 . Î Î I C Ï Ï E F À I Î I A , Myrin. Brook-Moss. (Tab. IV.)
Calyptra dimidiate or cucullifoi-m, entii-e at the base. Operculum conic-rostrate.
Capsule oval or oblong, pedicellate. Peristome double; the exterior 16
linear teeth perforated along the medial line; the interior 16 cilia longer than
the teeth, and more or less connected by cross-bars. Inflorescence dioecious.—
Stems slender, floating in water, sparingly divided and branched; leaves 3-
rankcd, much elongated, with a percurrent costa, those of the perichæth very
conspicuous and ecostate. (Name from Stxawj to divide, and eXvpa, a veil, in
allusion to the cleft or cucuUiform calyptra.)
1. ï> . Î a l c à t i im , Myrin. Leaves lanceolate-subulate, complicate-cari-
natc, falcate-secund ; the inner perichætial leaves very much elongated, closely
wrapped around the lower half of the long pedicel ; capsule oval-ohlong ; inner
peristome a tessellated truncated cone ; calyptra dimidiate, elongated, clasping
the pedicel. — Head-watcrs of the Saco River, White Mountains, New Hampshire,
Ja?nes ; Brattleborough, Vci-mont, C. C. Frost. (Eu.)
2. ï> . c a p i l l à c c i l l l l , Bryol. Europ. Branches few, widely spreading;
leaves dark or ycllowish-grecn, subulate from a nan-ow lanceolate base by the
long-cxcm-rcnt costa, secund-falcate, denticulate at the apex ; those of the perichæth
convolute, overtopping the oval capsule which emerges laterally; calyptra
dimidiate, extending below the capsule, and spirally convolute; ciUa of the
inner peristome connected at their apices only.—Rivulets, Pennsylvania and
northward. (Tab. IV.) (Eu.)
3. 1>. p a l l é S C e n S ) Bi-yol. Europ. Much like No. 2, but smaller; leaves
pale green, shorter, wider, more complicate-carinate, and more falcate, with a
larger areolation ; cilia of the inner peristome not connected by cross-bars.—
(D. capillacea, Drum. Muse. Amei'., No. 234.) —British America, Drummond.
4. I> . s u b u i à t l l i n , Myi-in. Stems elongated, subpinnate ; branches
short, widely spreading ; leaves ercct-patent, lanceolate, complicate-carinate, the
costa ceasing at the denticulate apex ; capsule ovate-oval, short-pedicelled, concealed
by the broad and straight perichætial leaves ; calyptra cuculliform, not
descending below the convex-rostcllatc opej-culura; cilia of tho inner peristome
free, except at their apices. — Louisiana, Drummond.