* Leaves narrow, elongated; the costa ceasing below the apex.
•*- Liflorescence heimaphrodite.
1. B . p y r i f d r m e , Hedw. Stems short (3 " -4 " ), simple ; leaves bright
shining green, spreading, Hneai'-sctaceoiis, subflexuons, slightly serrate at the
apex ; capsule pyi-iform, pendulous, glossy, yeUowish-brown, of a thin texture ;
operculum convex, manimillate \ pedicel long. — Mostly on tho ground in burnt
woods, &c. ; frequent. (Eu.)
2. B . c r ù d u u i , Schreb. Patches glaucous-green, somewhat loose ; stems
V - 2 ’ high; lower leaves oval-lanceolate, the terminal linear-lanceolate, sub-
flcxuous, serrated a t the ap ex ; capsule oval-pyrifoi-m or oblong, suberect or
horizontal; operculum as in No. l. — White Mountains, New Hampshii-e,
Oakes. — Sometimes dicecious. (Eu.)
-I- Inflorescence dioecious : male flower gemmiform, terminal.
3. B . B c s c u r i s i i i u i i i , Sulliv. Loosely cæspitose, greenish-yellow,
without any tinge of red ; stems 4 " - 6 " long, subdecumbent ; lower leaves oblong
lanceolate, the terminal much longer, linear, acuminate, serrate at the apex,
the margins reflexed at the middle ; capsule short, pyi'iform, pendulous, when
dry w'ide-mouthed; annulus compound, unrolling; operculum hemispherical,
apictüate; pedicel erect from a geniculate base, 7 " - 8 " long. — (Mem. Amer.
Acad., n. ser. 4, p. 171.) — Clay-banks, Ohio and Pennsylvania : rare.
4. B . c H li io ti iii iii iy Hedw. Plant considerably larger than the preccd-
in g ; capsule oblong-pyrifonn, with a long, tapering, reddish neck, and con-
süicted under the month when dry .— Mountains of New England, Oakes.—
The sterile shoots have numerous axillaiy, deciduous, hulb-like gemmæ. (Eu.)
.H- H- 4- Inflorescence monoecious: antheridia axillary.
5. B . e l o n g à tw m , Dicks. Stems simple, 4 " -1 0 " liigh; upper leaves
linear-lanceolate, crowded, spreading, recurved on their lower margin, serrated
at the apex ; capsule inclined or horizontal, elongated, narrowly clavate, the collum
very long; operculum subrostellate; pedicel l ' - 2 ' long. — Crevices of
rocks, tops of high mountains in the Southern States. — Ciliolæ of the inner
peristome often rudimentary. (Eu.)
6. B . m i t a i i s , Schreb. Stems about 1 'long; upper leaves linear-lanceolate,
serrulate at the apex, the margins below recurved ; capsule pendulous, oval-
pyriform or elliptical, short-necked ; operculum apiculate ; ciliolæ of the inner
peristome in twos or thi'ees, large, appendiculate ; pedicel l ' - 2 ' high, pale above.
— Moist sandy soil, in Iiilly or mountainous districts. (Eu.)
7-. B . e i i c i i l l à t u n i , Scbwægr. An alpine species, often confounded
with alpine forms of the last species ; its most reliable distinctive characters
are the largei” obovate capsule, with a small operculum, and the absence of the
ciliolæ of the inner peristome. — White Mountains of New Hampshire, Gray,
Oakes. (Eu.)
gp * Leaves broad; costa ceasing below the apex. (Dioecious: male flower terminal.)
8. B . I 'o s e u m , Schreb. Stems 1 ' - 2 ' long, decumbent at the base; lower
leaves small, appressed, tbe upper very large, serrated, spatulatc, apiculate,
forming terminal stellate clusters ; capsule pendulous, clavate-oblong or subcylindrical,
slightly curved, short-necked ; pedicels 1 - 5 from tho same perichæth;
male flower somewhat discoid. — Shaded woods, at the base of trees:
common. — Among the largest of the genus. (Eu.)
9. B. Walftlenbérg'ii, Scbwægr. Patches extensive, pale glaucous-
green; stems erect, or decumbent at the base, l '-2 ^ long; leaves serrate, the
lower ones ovate-acuminate, the uppermost lanceolate, serrate at the apex, with a
rather loose areolation ; capsule short-pyriform, pendulous, short-necked, when
diy wide-mouthed ; annulus none ; male flower somewhat discoid, conspicuous,
on a slender stem. — Springy and gravelly places; not uncommon: but the
fruit rare. (Eu.)
10. B. Linn. Patches silvery-white ; stems 4 " -1 0 " high,
divided ; branches jiilaceous ; leaves very concave, entire, loosely areolated; the
lower distant, broadly ovate; the upper ovate-lanceolate, imbricating; capsule
abruptly pendulous, oval-oblong, deep purple when ripe. — On exposed ground,
roofs, pavements, &c. : exti-emely common. — A small species. (Eu.)
* * Leaves mostly ovate ; the costa extending to the apex. (Dioecious.)
11. B. p s e u d o - t r i q u e t r i im , Scbwægr. Patches large, deep gi*een,
inclining to blackish or purplish; stems 1 ' - 3 'high, radiculose ; leaves ovate
and ovate-lanceolate, slightly bordered, tbe margins recurved, slightly serrulate
at the ap ex ; capsule pendulous, oblong-pyiiform, with a tapering neck. — Wet
rocks, in hilly districts. Southern Ohio. — Resembles B. bimum, but is more
robust, and with a different inflorescence. (Eu.)
12. B. t u r b i l i à t u m , Hedw. Patches pale green, sometimes with a
reddish tinge ; stems P - 2 ' long; leaves ovate-acuminate and oblong-lanceolate,
subdecurrcnt, slightly recurved on the margins, the marginal cellules long and
narrow ; capsule ventricose-pyriform, very much constricted under the mouth
when dry. — Wet rocks, below Niagara Palls. (Eu.)
13. B . B llV i lli iy Voit. Distinguished from the preceding (some forms
of which it much resembles) by its more slender stems; its remote, spreading,
very much dccurrent, less elongated leaves, of a looser areolation and with plane
margins; capsule less constricted under the mouth when dry. — Mountains of
New England, Oakes. (Eu.)
14. B . a l p i i i i im , L. Tufts dense, deep red, shining; stems ( ^ '- 2 ' liigh)
stiff ; leaves lanceolate, nearly erect, closely imbricating, straight, recurved
on the margins; costa strong, rigid; capsule oblong-pyi-iform, pendulous,
deep red. — Alpine region of the White Mountains, New Hampshire, Oakes.
(Eu.)
* * * * Leaves ovate ; the costa excunent. _
•i- Inflorescence hermaphrodite.
15. B. C e r n i lU l l l , Hedw. Closely coespitose; stems branched, radiculose
; leaves ovatc-acuminatc, concave, with recurved margins ; capsule pendulous,
oblong-pyr-iform, the mouth and operculum very small ; inner peristome
imperfect, adherent to the teeth. — Wet woods, Northern Ohio. (Eu.)
16. B. b i im im , Schreb. Stems l ' - 2 ' long, matted by the purplish
radicels ; leaves above yellowish or lurid-green, below reddish-brown, ovate