w
632 (32) MUSCI. ( m o s s e s . )
costatc, piano on the margins ; areolæ aboTO giittulate ; below, enlarged oblong.
(Niune from (vyos, a pair, and oSmv, teeth, in aUtision to tlie paired teeth.)
1. Z . E a ] > p 6 n i c u s , Br. & Sch. Stems J '-lM iig h , radiculose; leaves
spreading, crisped when dry; capsule scarcely exserted, 8-ribbcd; peristome
none ; monoecious ; male flower gemmiform. — Eocks, on the White Mountains
of Now Hampshire, Oakes: Alleghany Mountains of Pennsylvania, Lesquereux
(Tab. H.) (Eu.)
2. Z. M o n g - e o t i i , Br. & Sch. More elongated and branched than No.
1 ; differing chiefly in its narrower and less concave perichætial leaves twice as
long, the longer rostram to the operculum, and the dioecious inflorescence. —
With No. 1, in similar places, according to Mr. Tli. P . James. (Eu.)
3. Z. S u l l i v u u t i i , Mull. Stems l ' - 2 ' high, slender, witli long filiform
branches ; leaves subsquarrose from an erect half-clasping base, complicate-con-
cave; the margins below recurved, above plane and strongly serrate; fruit
unknown. — (Syrrhopodon excelsus, Sulliv. Muse. AUeghan., No. 170.)—North
Cm-olina; on rocks, top of Grandfather Mountain, Gray ÿ- SuBivant: Black
Mountain, Lesquereux.
3 1 . » K U M M Ô N B I A , Hook. (Tab. II.)
Calyptra large, cucuUifoi-m, rostrate, slightly plicate at the base, and papillose
at the apex. Operculum obliquely long-rostrate from a convex base. Capsule
glohose-oval or slightly obovate, exsertly pedicellate. Peristome single : teeth
16, very short, truncate. Inflorescence dioecious: male flower gemmiform.__
Perennial, growing on trees ; stems prostrate, throwing up numerous short
branches, bearing fruit on their summit; leaves oblong, oostate; areolæ minute,
roundish. — (Named after the late Thomas Drummond, who made extensive and
very valuable collections of North American Mosses.)
1. B . C l a v e l l à t a , Hook. Stems 2 '- 4 ' long, creeping, densely covered
tvith radicels; branches crowded, erect, 2 " - 3 " h igh; leaves close, erect-patent,
shortly acuminate; costa ceasing with the apex. — Grows in deep-green and close
thin mats (3 '-1 0 ' in diameter), on the bark of trees (particularly the Beech),
Northern, Middle, and Western States. (Tab. II.)
T e ib e Xm. O R T H O T R ÎC H E Æ .
32. O R T H O T R IC H UM , Hedw. (Tab. II.)
Calyptra large, campanulate, longitudinally plaited, crenate-lacerate at the
base, hairy or glabrous. Operculum short, conic, rostellate. Capsule pyriform,
more or less elongated, apophysate, pedicellate, immersed or exserted, 8 or 16
striated, ribbed when dry. Peristome single or double, rarely wanting; tho
outer 16 teeth, with a medial line, mostly in pairs (often rcflexed when dry) ;
tho inner 8 or 16 cilia. Inflorescence monoecious or dioecious : male flower
gemmiform. — Perennial plants, growing in roundish cushion-like tufts, on trees
01 rocks, never on soil ; stems usually erect, simple or branched by innovations,
fertile at their summit ; leaves crowded, elongated, costate nearly to tho point,
MUSCI. ( m o s s e s .) (33) 633
spreading, entire, usually revolute on tho margins, of a minute dofr-liko areolation,
except at the marginal base, the areolæ there being larger, rectangular, and
pellucid. (Name from ôpêos, straight, and 6pi^, rptxos, a hair, in allusion to the
straight hairs on the calyptra.)
5 1. Capsule immersed or slightly exserted. Monoecious (except in No. 5 and 6).
* Pei'istome single: cilia wanting.
1. O . c n p n l à t u n i , Hoffm. Stems neai-ly 1' high; leaves lanceolate,
keeled; capsule immersed, with 16 striæ; teeth of the peristome nearly equidistant
; calyptra sparsely hahy ; male flower termmal. — On rocks, Niagara Falls,
Drummo:id: Lake Superior, Ayassis. (Eu.)
2. O . 8 tA rm i i , Hoppe & Homsch. Very like the last species; but its immersed
and obovate capsule is indistinctly 8-striatcd ; the male flower axillary. —
Texas, Wright. (Eu.)
3. O . a i i ô m i i l u m , Hedw. Separated from the preceding (to which it
approaches closely) mainly by its exserted and distinctly 8-striated capsule. —
Rocks, near Salem, Mass., Lesquereux : Lake Superior, Agassiz. (Eu.)
4. O . T e x à m im , Sulliv. Larger than No. 2, which it resembles, but
its immersed capsule is oblong-pyriform and distinctly 8-striated ; teeth of the
peristome in pairs ; calyptra very hairy ; leaves longer, narrower, and more rccurved
spreading. — Texas, Wright : Santa Fé, New Mexico, Fendler.
* ^ Peristome double.
5. O . o M u s i f o l i l u m , Schrad. Stems 6 " -1 0 " high; leaves when moist
eroct-patout, not recurved, ligulate from an oblong base, obtuse, concave, somewhat
convolute on the margins, strongly papillose, tho costa vanishing much
below the point ; capsule immersed, oblong-pyriform, the long apophysis gradually
tapering into the very short pedicel ; cilia of the peristome 8, composed of
two rows of cellules half as wide as the teeth ; calyptra glabrous. — Trees, Cambridge,
Massachusetts, Lesquereux. (Eu.)
6. O . c x i g - u u i n , Sulliv. Nearly related to No. 5, but much smaller;
stems 3" - 5" high ; leaves more acute, scarcely papillose : costa stouter, extending
to tho point; the areolæ at tho base not so enlarged; capsule oval; tlie
apophysis rather short ; pedicel longer ; cilia of tho peristome 8, carinate, composed
of two rows of cellules fully as broad as the teeth ; operculum convex,
apiculate. — Base of trees, Santee Canal, South Carolina; Aaoend. — Tho smallest
of our Orthotricha. — This and the related species have, scattered on tho
surface of their leaves, a few articulated excrescences ( Conferva Orthotrichi).
7. O . R o g e i 'i , Brid. Leaves spreading-recurved, when moist naiTowly
ligulate from a ventricose concave base, canaliculate, plane on the margins
above, revolute below, somewhat acute at the apex ; capsule and calyptra as in
No. 5; cilia 8, simple, filiform. — Trees, Lake Superior, Agassiz. (Eu.)
8. O . s t r a i l g u l à t u n i , Beauv. Stems short, compact ; leaves broadly
ovate-lanceolate, carinate, somewhat obtuse, tho margins strongly reflexed; capsule
ohiong, somewhat pyriform, immersed, very much constricted below the
mouth when dry; cilia of the pei'istome as in tho la st; calyptra haii-y. — On
trees ; very common.