1. O . l o i l ^ i r ó s t r c , Br. & Sch. Stem l ' - 3 'high, with innovations from
near the apex; leaves fragile, more or less falcate-secund, suhulatc-sctaccous
from a dilated base; costa broad, occupying all tho upper portion of the leaf. —
On rocks, Alleghany Mountains. (Tab. I.) (Eu.)
1 3 . T K E M Á T 0 D 0 1 V , Rich.
Calyptra cuculliform, inflated. Operculum subulate-rostrate. Capsule oval-
oblong, inclined, with a very long collum, anuulate, long-pedicellate. Peristome
single: teeth 16, linear-lanceolate, perforated, or more or less cloven. Inflorescence
dicecious : male flower gemmiform. — Short-stemmed, gregarious plants,
with long subulate-setaceous and continuously-costate leaves. (Name from
Tprjpa, a perforation, and dSoij/, a tooth.) (Tab. I.)
1. T . lo i lg 'i c ó l l iS ) Rich. Capsule with a narrow linear collum of twice
its length; pedicel 1 ^ -'-2 'long, slender, flexuous, straw-colored. — Clayey and
sandy soil, New England to Florida, and Ohio, Cassels. (Tab. I.)
1 4 . 0 5 C K A W U M , Hedw. (Tab. II.)
Calyptra cuculliform. Operculum conic, long-subulatc-rostrate. Capsule
oval, oblong or cylindrical, regular or somewhat gibbous, erect or ccrniious,
long-pcdicellate. Peristome single: teeth 16, linear-lanceolate, cloven half-way
or more into two unequal segments. Inflorescence monoecious or dicecious:
male flower gemmiform, terminal. — Perennial plants, growing on tho ground
or on rocks; stems from a few lines to several inches in height, fastigiatcly
branched and continued by innovations from near the apex; leaves mostly
linear-lanceolate and lanceolate-subulate, continuously costatc, often falcate-
secund, with a minute, compact, roundish areolation above. (Name from
BÍKpavos, forked, alluding to the teeth.)
§ 1. CYNODÓNTIUM, Br. & Sch. — Leaves more or less papillose, crenulate-serrate
at the apex; the areolation uniform at the base: calyptra infated-cuculUform :
capsule mostly strumose and erect: moncecious.
1. » . g - r a c i l e s c e n s , Web. & Mohr., var. t c n c l l u m , Bryol. Europ.
Stems short, 4 " -1 0 " high; leaves linear-lanceolate, scarcely papillose, the margins
above plane, the costa vanishing at the ap ex ; capsule cxannulatc, oval, not
strumose, obsoletely striate. Wliite Mts., New Hampshire, Oakes. (Eu.)
2. D . p o l y c á r p im i , Ehrh. Stems l ' - 2 ' high; leaves linear-lanceolate,
variously curved, somewhat papillose on both surfaces, denticulate at the
apex and at the base; capsale oval-oblong, erect, regular, or .gibbous-inclined
and strumose, ribbed when d ry ; annulus conspicuous. — Northern shore of Lake
Superior, Agassiz. (Eu.)
3. I>. V i r e n s , Hedw., var. W a l i l e n t o e r g i i , Bryol. Europ. More robust
than the la s t; stems often 3' h ig h ; leaves spreading, flexuous, lanccolate-
subjilate, smooth, denticulate at tho apex, the costa nearly cxcurrcnt; capsule
oblong, incurved, cemuous, prominently strumose, annulate.—Lake Superior,
Agassiz. (Eu.)
§ 2. DICRANELLA, Scliimp. — Small species: leaves smooth, more or less serrate
at the apex; the areolation uniform at the base: calyptra not infated: capsule
mostly cermious, seldom strumose: dicecious.
4. I>. c c r v i c ia ir a tu iiB , Hedw. Densely cscspitosc, yellowish-green;
stems short, 4 " - 6 " high; leaves lanceolate-subulate, serrate at tho apex, somewhat
secund, with a broad costa; capsule gibbous, short, globose-oval, narrowly
annulate, strumose. — Bogs, New Jersey, Torrey. (Eu.)
5. I>. v sU 'iuM i, Hedw. Stems 4" - 5" h ig h ; leaves lanceolate-attenuated,
nearly entire at tho apex, patent; costa slightly excun-ent; capsule oval or oblong,
more or less oblique and incurved, cxannulatc; operculum large, shortly
rostrate. — Clay-banks, iu loose patches : very common: variable. (Eu.)
6. S>. d e b i l c , Hooker & Wilson. Resembles small forms of No. 5;
stems 2" - 3" high, mostly simple, leaves erect; the lower short, ovate-lanccolatc,
rather obtuse; tho upper linear-lanceolate, channelled, and with entire rcflexed
margins, costatc to the ap e x ; capsule oval, erect; operculum with a small conic
base, and an erect subulate rostnim as long as tho capsule; peristome small:
teeth 2 - 3-cleft half-way, below red, stiigillose, the segments scabrous; annulus
very large, deciduous, triple; spores rather largo; pedicel yellow. — Clayey soil.
Mobile, Alabama 1
7. I>. ru fe s cC B iS , Turner. Stem short, gregarious; leaves reddish, lax,
linear-lanceolate, falcate-secimd, the margins plane, obscurely denticulate; arco-
lation loose; capsule erect, oval or somewhat obovate, exannulate; operculum
largo, with a short rostrum.—Wet clay-hanks, Pennsylvania, Lesquereux. — Resembles
No. 5. (Eu.)
8. I>. s i a b t t lu U a m , Hedw. Loosely cmspitose; stems 5 " - l0 " high;
leaves secund, somewhat falcate, long-subulate from a lanceolate base, entire;
costa predominant; capsule ovate, gibbous, cernuous, striated when dry; annulus
rather large; pedicel red. — White Mts., New Hampshire, Oakes. (Eu.)
9. 1>. S a c l c r om a a B s im , Hedw. Somewhat larger than the la st; leaves
secund, slightly falcate, lanceolate-setaceous; costa heavy, vanishing at tho sub-
denticulate ap ex ; capsule cemuous or nearly erect, more or less obovate and gibbous,
obliquely plicate when d r y ; pedicel pale yellow. — Var. oiiTiioci-RPUM
has an erect cylindrical capsule. — Moist ground; very common. (Eu.)
§ 3. DICRANUM P r o p e r . — Mostly large species: stems often densely tomentose
fo r their whole length with radicular fibres: leaves with enlarged yellowish and diaphanous
cellules at their basal angles: capsule cernuous or erect.
* Moncecious: leaves falcate: capsule cernuous.
10. D . I g l y t t i l , Bryol. Europ. Cmspitose; branches fragile; leaves soft,
dull-green, flexuose, rather secund, crisped when dry, the costa slightly excurrcnt;
capsule oval, when dry strumose; annulus simple.—Alpine and sub-
alpine rocks, White Mountains of New Hampshire, Oakes. (Eu.)
11. 1>. S t s l r l o i , Web. & Mohr. Stems U-3^ loRg) decumbent at the
base; leaves long, subulate-setaceous from a lanceolate base, secund, not crisped
when dry, the costa shortly cxcurrcnt; capsule oblong, gibbous, strumose, striated
; annulus double. —With the last. (Eu.)