T r ib e V II. T K IC H O S T Ô M E Æ .
1 0 . T B I C I I O S T O J T I U M , Br. & Sch. (T a b .I.)
Calyptra ciiculliforni. Operculum conic-rostrato. Capsule oval or cylindrical,
mostly erect, loug-pcdicellatc. Peristome single : teeth 32, linear, approximate
iu pairs. Inflorescence various.—Plants growing on the ground or on
stones, of a rather rigid habit ; stems simple or dichotomously divided ; leaves
varying from lanceolate to lanceolate-subulate, costate to or beyond the apex ;
areolation loose below, dense and roundish above. (Name from Opl^, a hair,
and OTopa, a mouth, iu allusion to the capillary teeth of the peristome.)
1 T. tortile, Sclirad. Stems mostly simple, 3 " - 5 " high; leaves lancc-
olatc-subiilatc, spreading, often subsecund, rcflexed on tho margin ; costa excurrcnt;
capsule cylindrical ; operculum shortly rostrate; annulus simple : dicecious;
male flower tcrmiual. — Road-sides, clay-hanks : frequent. (Tab. I.) (Eu.)
2. T. ténue, Hedw. Distinguished from small forms of the last, which
it much resembles, mainly by its large double annulus, finncr and brownish-red
capsule, and the plane (not reflexed) margin of the leaf. — Pennsylvania, according
to Iledwig. (Eu.)
3. X. vsigiuaus, Sulliv. Stems 6 " -1 0 " high, slender; stem-leaves
erect, appressed, ovate-lanceolate ; the pcrichætial leaves sheathing, -suddenly
attenuated, spreading at tbe apex, the costa strong and excurrent ; capsule
oval-ohlong; teeth of the peristome short, anastomosing in pairs; annulus
double, very largo, its width equal to half the length of the teeth ; pedicel slender,
flexuous; operculum elongated-conic, obtuse; inflorescence as in No. 1 .—
Sides of ditches and roads, Pennsylvania and New England.
4. X . p i t l l i d i im , Hedw. Stems short, 3 " - 4 " high; leaves long-setaceous
from a lanceolate base ; costa broad, excun'ent, denticulate at the apex ;
capsule ohlong-elliptic. — Clayey grounds; frequent. — Conspicuous by its numerous,
long (l^ ^ -2 ' high) straw-colored pedicels; monoecious; male flower
gemmifoi-m, in the axils of the upper leaves. (Eu.)
5. T. g:laiicésccns, Hedw. Stems densely cæspitose, 6 " -1 0 " high,
fastigiatcly branched ; lower leaves small, remote; lanceolate ; the upper larger,
and crowded into a terminal tuft, linear-lanceolate, costatc to the apex, the piano
margins denticulate above; capsule oval-oblong; operculum clongated-conic.
Shores of Lake Superior, — Remarkable for the glaucous hue of its
foliage. (Eu.)
2 0 . B À R B Ï J X A , Hedw. (T a b .I.)
Calyptra cuculliform. Operculum subulate-conic. Capsule oval-oblong or
cylindrical, long-pedicellate. Peristome single: teeth 32, very long, filifonn,
contorted, connected at the base by a short or long tubular membrane. Inflorescence
various. — In habit, ramification, texture, and mostly in the fonn of the
leaves, allied closely to Trichostomum : differing chiefly in the torsion of the
peristome. (Name a diminutive of harha, beard, in allusion to the capillary
peristome.)
Teeth o f the peristome arising from a short basilar membrane.
1. B . m i g - u i c n l à t a , Hedw. Stems - P high, branched ; IcaveserecP
patent, oblong-lanceolate, rather obtuse, shortly cuspidate by the excurrent costa,
revolute on the margins; capsule cylindrical, erect; annulus none: dioecious;
male flower terminal. — Clayey soil, &c. ; frequent. ( Tab. I. ) (Eu. )
2. B. c æ s p i t ô s a , Schwoegr. Stems short, condensed ; leaves croivded,
linear-oblong, shortly acuminate, cuspidate by the slightly excurrent costa, undulate
on the margins ; capsule cylindiical, erect or subarcuate; annulus none ;
moncecious ; male flovrer axillary. — Woods, about the roots of trees. — Readily
known by its palc-green foliage, and yellow capsule with a red operculum. (Eu.)
3. B . COBìVOlÙta, Hedw. Stems short, crowded; leaves spreading, oblong
lanceolate, rather obtuse, the margins plane ; costa ceasing at or below the
apex; pcrichætial leaves oblong, almost truncate, convolute, the upper ones
ecostate; capsule cylindrical, oblique; annulus distinct; pedicel (P high) yellow
; inflorescence dicecious. — Raccoon Mts., Alabama, Lesquei-eux. (Eu.)
4. B , t o r t u ó s a , Web. & Mohr. Stems l ' - 3 ' higli, dichotomously
branched ; leaves very long, linear-lanceolate, spreading, flexuose, undulated on
the margins, crisped when dry, costa slightly excun-ent; capsule cylindrical,
inclined: dicecious. — On rocks, Alleghany Mountains. — One of the largest
species of the genus. (Eu.)
5. B . s q u a i '1 'ò s a , Notaris. Stems loosely cæspitose, l'-2 n o n g , branched;
leaves long, from a broad sheathing base, squaiTose-recunæd, narrowly lanceolate,
denticulate above, undulate, crisped when dry, longer and crowded at the
apex of the stem, the margins below diaphanous; costa slightly excun-ent.
(Capsule cjdindrical, slightly inclined ; annulus simple : dioecious. Bnjol. Eur.)
— On trees, iu a cedar swamp, a quarter of a mile south of Lebanon, Wilson
County, Tennessee, Robinson, 1842. Without fruit. (Eu.)
^ * Teeth o f the peristome arising from a long tubular and tessellated membrane.
6. B . im i c r o a i l f ò l i a , Br. & Sch. Stems short and thick ; leaves condensed,
oblong or obovate-oblong, mucronate by the excun-ent costa; capsule
cylindrical, regular or slightly curved ; annulus double ; operculum rather short :
inflorescence as in No. 2. — Rocky banks of streams, &c. ; frequent. (Eu.)
7. B. r t i r u l i s , Ilcdw. Stems P - 3 'high, branched, loose; leaves squar-
rosc-recurved, oblong or obovate, very obtuse, concave-carinate, reflexcd on the
margins; costa excurrent into a long, spiuulose-dentate, white, capillaiy point;
capsule suhcylindrical, erect or slightly arcuate, annulate : dioecious. — On rocks,
Nahant, Massachusetts, D. Murray: Texas, Wiight. (Eu.)
^ ^ # Inflorescence and fru it unknown.
8. B. pB B |) illò s a , Wils. Stems short (3 " -4 " high), thick, crowded;
leaves close, rccurvcd-spreading, oblong-spatulate, very concave above, shortly
hair-pointed, papillose on tlie back ; areolæ rather lai-ge, quadrate, granulose,
those at the base larger, oblong, pellucid; costa pcrciirrcnt, bearing crowded
slightly pedicellate gemmæ on its papillose upper surface, each composed of 2
to 5 clustered rouudish green cellules. — (Pottia Russcllii, Sulliv. mss., 1848.) —
Trunks of Elm trees, Mass., J. L. Russell, 1843; common. — Until lately considered
a gemmiparous state of the last species. (Eu.)