7 2 AJÎNALS OF EOTAL BOTANIC GARDEN, CAI-CinTA.
T u r k e s t a n i , and Japanese specimens in the Indian herbaria; the incompleteness of our
k n o w l e d g e of the floras of Persia, Afghanistan, and some parts of Tui-kestan; and
o u r practically complete ignorance of tlio botany of the extreme Eastern Ilunalaya.
T h e results of the partial exploration of the Chumbi Valley, -which very clearly indic
a t e the close relationship of the flora of the Himalayas east of Sikkim to the Floras of
Y u n n a n , Hupeh, Setchwan, aud Kausu, point to a rich harvest which is ready to be
g a t h e r e d in the inhospitable regions which stretch from the eastern frontier of Sikkim
t o the haunts of the Slishinis and Abors.
TnALICTEUil CULTEATUM, Wall.
Hooker and Thomson in tte Flora of Brit. Ind. are already of the opinion that T. pMucarpum,
n . f. et T , is probablj only an alpine state of T. cullratmn. Leaoyer, whose views concerning this
f o rm are shared by the -writer, fotnially reduced T. pklycar/jinn to T. cuHrafum in his valuable monograph
on TMicfrum. Related to T. platycarpum is a form which was gathered hy one of Dr. King's
ooUeotors somewhere between the northern frontier of Sikkim and Lhassa. The most important
characters which distinguish the two are taken from the ripe fruit; and the difierences are rather
considerable. Nevertheless a careful investigation into thtir relationships makes the writer averse to
claiming the new form as an independent species, aud it appears to him preferable to consider it, like
T pktycarpum, a subspecies of T. cultratum. "We have thus—
Subspecies I. ccltratou víiíiüi!; a middle-sized or tall herb (40—100 cm. high); pedicels
elongate, filiform, 10-30 mm. long; anthers long-linear; stigma very narrowly winged; achenea distinctly
s t i p i t e t e ' (rarely one or anoüier subsossüe), attenuated towards the base, on transverse section nearly
aneeps, not wrinkled; lateral nerves slightly anastomosing upwards, without stalk 5—7 mra. long.—
Kashmir; Garhwal; on the Kedar Kanta and elsewhere; Nipal; Sikkim, 8-12,000'.
Subspecies II. platyc.íEPUm, S . F. D T. ; middle-sized herb (25—50 cm. high); pedicels elongate,
filiform, io—20 mm. long; anthers eUiptic-obloQg; stigma broadly or narrowly winged, subsagittate at
t h e base; achenes manifestly stipitate, attenuated towards the base, on transverse section angular sul^ult
r a t e , not rugose; lateral nerves simple, without stalk 3 - 4 mm. long, scarcely convex along dorsal, very
convex along ventral suture, minutely glandular; (wings of stigma revolate in the ripe fruit).—Western
T i b e t ; Garhwal; Southern Tibet, nor t h of Sikkim.
Subspecies III. tsangkhse, P. BrM-, rather smaU (15-20 cm. high), very much branded;
pedicels short, 3—4 mm. long; anthers linear; stigma broadly winged, very acutely triangular, wings
erosa and laciniate; achenes subsessüe, asymmetricaUy obovoid, dorsally gibbous near apex, ventraDy
very convex, on transverse section subangular, glabrous, attenuated towards the base, lateral nerves
scarcely anastomosing, 2-5—3 mm. long, wbga of stigma roflexed in the iruit.—Tibet, north of Sikkim
{King's Collector).
FlaiB ]02. Thalictrum cullriUm, "WalL: tbe letters c. Ji (mispriat for p), t refer to aubspeciea euUraUm verum,
plalvcarpum. and Uangemi respectively. 1. upper part, of ÍDfiorcsccnce o£ T. cuUratum ceritm; 2, T. ; 3,
T. Uangensf, 4-6, sepals; 7-9, stamens; 10 and 11, tead oE a«Uenos¡ 12, pistil; 13.16, ripe achenoa, and 16-18,
bUgmas, oí T. cuUratvm, T. platycarp-um, T. Uangense resp.; aiZ o /na i t i r a í »ize.
CLEMATIS MONTANA, Ham.
S h r u b or ur.dershrub, climbing or sarmentóse; flower-bearing branchlets from the
a x i l s cf fallen leaves, usually much shortened, scaly at the bnse; leaves trifoliate; leaflets
m e m b r a n o u s to Bubcoriaceous, rarely quite leathery, mostly ovate or ovate-lanceolate,
s e r r a t e or serrafely incised, rarely quite ent i re; flowers usually c rowded; pedicels 3—15 cm.
DESCBIPTIOKS OP SE-W AND EAJiE INDIAN PLANTS. 73
l o n g ; sepals 1—5 cm. long, -vrhite, yellow, or reddish, spreading; stamens distinctly
s h o r t e r than the sepals; filaments glabrous, linear; anthers linear, blunt or
c u l a t e ; achenes laterally compressed, persistent style plumose, 2-o—4 cm. long.
F l o w e r s fj-om Apr i l t o September.
G e o g r a p h i c a l distribution—Hindu Kush, Ka£6mfcan, temperate Himalaya, Jloupine,
Y u n n a n , Assam Hills, Chota Nagpiir, (Japan).
0 . Xunt^e enumerates and names under the head of CI. montaxa, subspecies normalis, thirteen varieties,
which are mostly characterized by single characters. Now there are specimens which possess at the same
time incised (var. incisa) and pubescent (var. ptibc%(xn%) leaves, obtuse (var. oUusiscpala) and yellow (var.
/iarida) sepals, with peduncles shorter than the leaves (var. breti-pcdumilaia) ; and it would not have been
difg.cult to define and name a number of other varieties according as the leaves are glabrous, pubesceut,
or subhirsute, as the pedicels are haiiy or glabresoent, as tbe stamens are longer or shorter than thè
pistils, as the style is stiaight or recurved, as the stigma is canaliculate or no. "We should thus have
performed the remarkable feat of making a single specimen belong to a dozen or more named (!) varieties.
That would be Systematic Botany with a vengeance]
The following Indian, Tibetan, and Tunnanese varieties
' ' ' may 1
A. Yarieties with abbreviated flower-bearing branchlets ; leaves of flowering branchlets crowded ;
flowers one or several, originating in the axils of scales.
Var. a. anemoniflora, {Don pro sp., »on 0. Else) ; leaflets lanceolate, acuminate, membranous,
serrate rwely quite entire, glabrous or nearly so above, liairy or glabrous beneath;
flowers appearing -svith tte leaves usually many on the abbi-eviated branchlets; pedicels
longer or shorter than the leaves, glabrous or pubescent ; sepals obovate, rounded or oltuse
a t the tip, 1-5—3 cm. long, beneath subglabrous except at the pubescent edges; stamens
usuaUy 60-120. Gilgit (Ta,wey !)-, Kashmir {Clarke!)-, Hazara {Stewart !)-, Black
Mountain {DiUhiel)-, Simla Gamble !)•, Garhwal near Massuri {Duthie!)\ Kumaon, near
Naini Tsl, and on the Kedar Kanta {Royle.').
Var.fi. INCISA, 0. Ktze; leaflets membranous, lanceolate, acimiinate, 1—6 cm. long, incised,
cuneate, above more or less coarsely hairy; flowers with the leaves, solitary or crowded
o n the shortened branchlets; pedicels usually longer than the leaves, hairy or nearly
glabrous; sepals oblong, obtuse, mucronulate, 15—25 mm. long, glabrescenfc on bock;
stamens 60—90. Garhwal, on the Kedar Kanta 10—11,000' {Dul/iie.'); Nipul {Scully!).
Var. y. chvmbica, F. C. ; leaflets obovate or rhomboid, more or less deeply trifid, mncronateserrate,
cuneate, above adpressedly hairy, beneath more or less villous; flowers with the
leaves, crowded on the abbreviated branchlets; pedicels as long as, or longer than, the
leaves, villous; sepals oblong or obovate, rounded at the tip and mucronulate, rarely
subacute, 15~il5 mm. long, pubescent or villous beneath ; stamens mostly ¿5—40. Chumbi
{King's cM.!)-, SJikim, near Ling-tu {Kin,;s coU.!), Lamtong {King's coll.!), PhuUut
{King's cfU.!).
Var. phaecox, 0. Eize.\ leaflets pubescent or villoso; flowers before the leaves; eepala
obovate, rounded, 12—20 mm. long, pubescent beneath. Closely related to 7. Sikkim:
on Phullut {Kings coll. f ) .
Var. e. FAScicuLii-LORA, Franchtt pro y>. ; leafli
glabrescent beneath; flowers -with the I
sepals obovate-oblong, obtuse, densely
leathery, lanceolate, quite entire, glabrous above,
es ; pedicels 2—3 cm., silky ; flowers rather smaü ;
beneath; stamens biseriate.—Yunnan.
Ann. Kor. Eor, Gabd. Calc., Vol. 7.