i c e . and other Northern nations, who fometimes undertook long vov-
ages. . T h e Northern ocean was called by the ancients the frozen,
iicad, the lazy, apd i/nmo-veahie f a : fotnetirries they gave it the
name marie cranium,, the concrete % , , and morimarufa>, the dead
-?1 *• And, what is very remarkable, in all the Northern cold
countries,- .the froft fometimes is lo intenfe, that-all the waters become
fuddenly coagulated into a kind o ftg a fe or dough, and thus
at
* D io n y s . Pe r e eg e te s . v . 32.- 33. Uon-Of [Asv xctXtucri IIEIlHrOTA re, KPONION re*
AAAo» S etv xa.) NEKPON topical, etvex’ cttyccvgH
HeMa’
■ Or_pheu.s Argouaudc. ,y. 1079.
-E^tte^e S' q.xta.1,^ KPONION Se sxixfycrxacri
Tlorrov TELEPBOPEHN NEKPHN re SetActStrxv.
, S t *a ïo , lib, ii. p. m, 71, fays, after Pythcas of-Marfeilles,;thaf near Thule, to the
North, the fea is neither land, nor fea, nor air, but a concrete o f them all, like fea’-lungs ;
which plainly proves, that the famous traveller o f Marfeilles had heard feme account con-
cerniog thecoqgelatiotj of -the fea, which, when compared with the other accounts, and
‘ thc San':eè P ren “ * » , North fea by the ancients,' are together a ftrong proof,1 that the '
whole account originated^ with the Gaelic and Celtic nations;’ for it is in their language
that we mull look for the meaning of thofe names, which ire found in P lin y ,'Viz. Morim«- ‘
r«fay tlK ltrtfm :-, Afo-in.the_Weich.is the fea, and , M , „W ; fo that »»,-,tóntU-fig„ilic s :
ty^deadjia ; in the Inlh, m,:ir,cromn is the coagulated, thick, comnctcfci; (fee T oland’s
Hiftoiy of the Druids, in the Collection óf fevcral Pieces'. London, iynfe. Sï0 . vol ’
p, 149.) So that the Cmitm fea was not called from. Cronus of Saturn, but from its con-
gealed, coagulated fiate.
T acitus, de Mor. Germ, c; 4; : Trans Suionas, aliüd nrnafipüm , ac prope ; » « , , ^
quod extrcinus cadentis jam foils fulgor in or.tus edurat, adeo clarus, utfideraliebetct.
P-niNius. Hill. Nat. lib. iv . -c. 13. ' Septentrioftalis'Oceanus; Axmldmn» euin Hcca
txus adpellat, a .Paropamifo amne, qua Scythian, alluit, quod nomen cjus gemis lingua
hgmficat cngclaturt. Philemon Morimarvfam a Cimbris vocari, hoc eft JBI
ad Promontorium Rnbeas : ultra deinde C t e W Et cap., 16. A Thulcjinius diei n a v iL
tione mere concretum, a nonnullis Cronium adpellatur.
at once congeal * . W e may therefore, with great propriety, think,
that the intenfe cold in the high Auftral regions has the fame effedt,
fuddenly to congeal parts o f the ocean, efpecially as, according to
our laft obfervations, and thofe of-other travellers, the Antarftic
climate is undoubtedly colder than the Northern hemifphere, in
correfponding degrees o f latitude.
Th e ingenious M . de Buffon -f- fays, “ Th e navigators pretend
“ that the continent o f the Auftral lands is much colder than that
“ o f the Arftic Pole j but there is not the leaft appearance that this
“ opinion is well founded, and probably it has been adopted by
“ voyagers on no other account, than becaufe they found ice in a
latitude, where it is feldom or ever to be met with in our
“ Northern feas j but that may be produced by feme peculiar
“ caufes.” I f we compare the meteorological obfervations made
at Falkland's1 Elands, at about 5 1 ’ South latitude, and communicated
by A l e x a n d e r D X l r y m p l e , in his Colle&ion of
Voyages chiefly to the Southern Atlantic Ocean, with fuch as are
every where made in Europe, in correfponding degrees o f latitude
o f the Northern hemiiphere; i f we confider, that in Tierra del
Fuego, Staten Land, and South-Georgia, from 54°- to 56“ South
latitude, and in Sandwich Land, in about 58° and 59° South lati-
O tude,
* See Gmclhis Voyage, to Sibiria.
«j- BufFon’ s Hill. Nat. vol. i* p. 312«
IC E .