Genus 10. BLEPHAROZIA, Bum.
.Jungermania, Linn. Sp. PI. p. IGOl ; Hook. Bvit. Jung. (1816).
Blepharozia (Section) Dum. Syll. Ju n g . p. 46 (1831).
Blepharozia, Dum. Eeoueil Ju n g . p. 16 (1835).
IHilidium, Nees Nat. Eur. Leberm. 1. p. 95 (1833).
Leaves incubous, appressed, palmatifid, or complioate-2-lobed,
each lobe divided and ciliate. Stipules 4-5-lobed, ciliate.
Perianth terminal on short branches. Bracts 2-5-lobed, segments
with long cilia. Perianth pyriform, obovate or sub-cylindrical,
inflated, smooth, month small and plioately contracted, ciliate.
Calyptra pyriform, coriaceous. Capsule divided nearly to the
base into 4 valves. Elaters bispiral. Antheridia covered by
closely imbricated perigonial bracts.
1. Blepharozia ciliaris (L.), Bum.
Liehenastrum scorpioides pulehrum villomm. Dill. Hist. Muse. p. 481, t. 69,
fig. 3 (1718).
Jungermania cilaris, Linn. Sp. pi. p. 1601 (1753); Engl. Bot. t. 2241 ; Hook.
Brit. Jung. n. 65 (1816).
Blepharozia ciliaris, Dum. Eecueil, p. 16 (1835).
r tilid ium ciliare, Hamp. Prod. fl. Hero. (1836); Nees Nat. Eur. Leb. I l l , p. 117
(1838).
Dioicous, cæspitose, large, greenish to purplish-brown. Stems
erect or procumbent, bipinnate, slightly frontally compressed,
cross-section showing 15 cells x 20, cortical cells about 80, one
or two rows with thicker, golden-brown walls, inner cells larger,
walls hyaline, thin; branches lateral, short, alternate, ultimate
pinnulæ very slender, rootlets few, short. Leaves incubous,
almost transverse, patent, lower leaves somewhat distant or
approximate, upper- and branch-leaves imbrioate, bifarious,
convex, conduplicate, roundish or subquadrate, quadrifid nearly
to the middle, segments lanceolate-acuminate, antioal segment
largest, on lower leaves entire or furnished with a few long cilia
at the base of the leaf, next segment entire also, or with few
cilia, the postieal segments smaller laciniate-ciliate, upper and
branch-leaves with margin and segments ciliate, cilia long. Epidermis
slightly verruculose; cells medium size, roundish, walls
thick, trigones distinct. Stipules almost half the size of the
leaves, oblong, subquadrate, or semirotund, bifid, trifid or
quadrifid, ciliate, cilia long. Sub-bracts subrotound, ciliate,
quadrifid to the middle, segments lanoeolate-aouminate, ciliate.
Sub-braoteole oblong-oval, ciliate, bifid to about I, segments lanceolate,
ciliate. Bracts rotund, ciliate, quadrifid, segments unequal,
lanceolate-acuminate, ciliate. Perianth terminal on main stem
or on short branches, projecting about f beyond the bracts,
large, oblong-obovate, composed of a single layer of cells witli
a few double rows irregularly interposed, about 300 cells round
near the middle, slightly folded at the upper portion, mouth
contracted, 1 5 -2 0 cilia of 2 -4 cells long. Capsule dark brown,
valves dividing to the base, thick. Spores large, pale brown.
Elaters very narrow, ^ less wide than the spores, darker brown
in colour. Male stems irregularly bipinnate, slender, androecia
usually terminal, on short branches, perigonial bracts much
smaller than tlie leaves, 4-6 pairs, bi-trifid, saccate, antheridia
1 or 2 in each bract, oval, bearers short.
Dimensions.— Stems 2 to 3 inches long, ‘25 mm. in diameter,
with leaves ab o u t 2' mm. wid e ; leaves 2 ’ mm. x ’2 mm., segments
1’ mm., 1'5 X 1 ’5, segment 7 5 ; b ran ch leaves 1 ’5 mm. x 1'25 mm.,
segment 7 5 mm. ; cells ’035 mm. x '04, ’04 x '03, •03; sub-bract
1'75 mm. xl. ’5 mm., segment '1 mm. ; sub-bracteole 1'5 mm. x 1'
mm., segment ’5 mm. ; b ra c t 2'5 mm. x 2'25 mm., segment 1 ’25
mm.; bracteole 2 ' mm. x 1 ’5 mm., segment ‘7 5 ; p e ria n th 5'
mm. X 2'25 mm. ; spores ’035 mm., ’03 mm. ; elaters '11 mm. x
’01 mm.
H a b .—Growing in densely matted tufts of considerable size
in bogs or damp places on heaths or moors, especially subalpine.
Eare in fruit. 1. 6-16. I.
Found on the Continent and in North America.
O b s .—Following Lindberg, I have assumed that the common
large form is the true J. ciliaris of Linnæus, and as such have
described it and have separated the small rock and tree form
as B. pulolierrima (Hofiin.).