•5 mm., 1- mm. x '6 mm., segments A mm., IT mm. x A mm., segments
A mm.; bracteole '65 mm. x '4 ram., segments A mm., A mm.
x A mm., segments -25 mm. ; perianth 2' mm. x 1' mm., 175 mm-
,x 75 mm., segments -25 mm., ;4 mm.; capsule A mm. x A mm.,
valves A mm. x A mm., pedicel 4' mrn. x A mm. ; spores '015 mm-
diameter, elaters T5 mm. x Al mm.; perigonial bracts A mm. x
•4 mm., segments A mm.
H ab.—Growing on moist exposed or shaded rocks in large
cushion-like tufts in alpine or subalpine localities.
Moderately common, somewhat rare in fruit.
1, 7, 10 to 13, 15, 17. I.
Found on the Continent and in Greenland.
Obs.—This is one of the commonest hepatics met witli, wlien
a certain altitude is attained, often growing in large densely
tutted cushions of a silvery lustre; the stems are so intricately
entangled that they are difficult to separate.
Distinguished at a glance from Cesia concinnata (Dicks.) and
Cesia obtusa (Lindb.) by growing in damper situations and tlie
larger size of tu fts ; stems longer, more rigid and filiform ; more
closely examined, leaves tristichous, narrower, deeply bilobed, segments
acuminate, presence of true and deeply plicate perianth.
From Anthelia Jaratzkana (Limpr.) see following notes.
In “ Eng. Bot. ” 1024 the leaves of this species are figured
wrongly as if entire, and in Hooker’s “ Brit. Jang. ” the bracts
are described and figured as quadrifid, which is also incorrect.
D escription op P l .ate XXXIV.—Fig. 1. Plants natural size.
2. Plant x 11 (Lyn Cwm, W. Wilson). 3-7. Leaves x 24
(Mangerton, Stewart and Holt). 8. Branch leaf x 85 (Meal na
Ptargnachan, C. J. Wild). 9. Portion of leaf x 290 (Mangerton,
Stewart and Holt). 10. Sub-braot x 24 (Lyn Cwm. Wilson).
11-13. Bracts x 24 (ditto). 14-16. Ditto x 24 (Mangerton,
Stewart and Holt). 17, 18. Bracteoles x 24 (ditto). 19.
Perianth x 16 (ditto). 20. Portion of the mouth of perianth x 85
(Lyn Cwm, Wilson). 21, 22. Perigonial bracts x 24 (ditto).
Anthelia Ju ra tz k a n a (Limpr.'), Spruce.
Jungermania nivalis, Sw. in W. ÜI. Ind. muse. p. o (1803); IVahlenb. Fl. Carp.
p. 363 (1814) (?).
Jungermania julacea var. davnligera, Nees, Nat. Eur. Leb. 11, p. 307 (1836).
.Tungermania julacea \a.v. glaucescens, G.L.N. Syn. Hep. p. 147 (1844).
Jungermania Juratzkana, Limpr. in Kryptogamenfl. von Sobles. 1, p. 289 (1876).
Anthelia nivalis (Sw.), Lindb. Muse. Seand. p. 5 (1879).
Anthelia Juratzkana, Spruce, On Ceph. p. 82 (1882).
Paroicous, depresso-cæspitose, small, pale in colour, apices
green or glaucescent, hrownisli below. Stems creeping, closely
entangled, subramose, branches few : radiculose, rootlets plentiful,
short; on a cross-section 10 cells in diameter; cells large, clear,
about 40 cortical cells, similar to inner, only slightly darker.
Leaves closely imbricate, on sterile shoots distant, tristichous,
erect, appressed to stem or secund, oblong-ovate or oblong, concave
complicate, bilobed to about f , sinus acute or slightly
rounded, segments narrowly triangular, or broadly subulate, acute
or acuminate, margin entire ; composed of one layer of cells ;
texture somewhat lax, cells medium size, quadrate or ohlong-
quadrate, pellucid, walls tliin, no trigones or thickened angles.
Stipule (third leaf) similar to the others. Sub-bracts and bracts
larger tlian the leaves, a little broader and swollen at the base,
margin denticulate, containing single oval antiieridia, rarely the
bracts are trifid. Perianth projecting about J beyond the bracts,
ovate-oblong or oval, deeply multiplioate, especially at the upper
portion, mouth laciniate, laciniæ entire or denticulate ; composed
of two layers of cells at the base, above of a single layer. Calyptra
composed of one layer : pistillidia 3—5. Capsule subspherical ;
spores and elaters reddish-brown.
D im e n s io n s .—Stems J to incli long T mm. to A mm. in
diameter, with leaves A mm. wide ; leaves A mm. x '2 mm.,
segments '2 mm., A mm. x T5 mm., seg. ’2 min., Ao mm. x '2 mm.,
seg. ’2 mm. ; cells .035 mm. x ’02 mm., A4 mm. x A3 mm.,
AS mm. x A3 mm. ; sub-bracts A mm. x ’25 mm., segments
•225 mni., '35 mm., -25 mm., seg. '2 mm., ’45 mm. x '3 mm., seg.
•3 mm.; bracts ’75 mm. x '5 mm., segments -5 mm., '9 mm.x
G