5 layers of cells. Spores pale yellowish-brown, large, almost
twice the breadth of the elaters, which are darker brown, long,
with about 24 spiral turns.
Androecia on short catkins, immediately below the perianth or
on main stem ; perigonial bracts but little different from the
leaves, except that a small lobe is produced at the antical base,
enclosing 1-3 spherical, shortly stipitate antheridia.
Fruits April, May, June.
Var. pallesoens {Jungermania pallescens, Schrad. Syst. Samml.
Krypt. Gew. 2, p. 7 (1797); Chiloscyphus pallescens, Syll.
Jung. p. 67 (1831)) is the small, pale green, neat form, usually
fertile, but I can detect no character sufficiently reliable to separate
it from the type.
On shady rocks. 7. Falls near Barmouth Junction, Merionethshire,
growing with Juhula Hutchinsioe.
Var. rivularis, Nees. A large coarse form, of a somewhat
• thick, greasy texture. 8, 10, 12, 16.
D imensions.—Stems from an inch to several inches long,
■2 mm. to ’4 mm. in diameter, with leaves 3' mm. to 5' mm. wide;
leaves 175 mm. x 1'5 mm., 2'5 mm. x 2’ mm., cells '025 mm. x
■04 mm., -025 mm. x ’035 mm., '03 mra. x '03 mni. ; stipules
•4 mm. X -175 mm. wide at the base, segments '2 mm., A mm.,
•275 mm. X-125 mm. at the base, segments -225 mm.; bract,
explánate 1-5 mm. x 1-75 mm. ; calyptra 3- mm. x 1-5 mm. near
apex ; pistillidia -16 mm. x -06 mra. ; capsule 1-4 mm. x 1-1 ram. ;
pedicel -5 mm. diam. ; spores -02 mm. diam. ; elaters -175 mm. x
•015 mm.
H ab.—Growing in loose or straggling patches in moist and
very wet places, on rocks, stones or earth, rarely on ro ttin g wood,
often floating in water, where it attains unusual length, stems
sometimes 6 to 7 inches long being met with.
Common. 1, 3, 5, 7-16, 18c. I.
Found generally on the Continent and North America.
Obs.—Distinguished from any of the entire leaved Jungermania
by its postical, cladocarpous infloresoenoe, its large, fleshy, exserted
calyptra, the perianth being reduced to a trifid bract; when
sterile by its horizontally inserted, plane leaves and oblong, deeply
bipartite stipules.
D escription oe P late CVI.—Fig. 1. Plants natural size
(Eng. Bot.). 2. Fertile plant magnified (ditto). 3. Portion of
stem, antioal view x 11 (Bamford, G. A. Holt). 4. Ditto x 11
(Charlesworth, J. Whitehead). 5. Portion of leaf x 290 (ditto).
6, Stipule X 85 (ditto). 7. Ditto x 85 (Bamford, G. A. Holt).
8, 9. Sub-braots magnified (ditto). 10. Bracts x 24 (ditto).
11. Calyptra x 11 (ditto). 12. Pistillidium x 85 (ditto). 13.
Spore X 290 (Charlesworth, J. Whitehead). 14. Perigonial
bract magnified (after Hooker).
Genus 25. HARPANTHUS, Nees.
via, 'Web & Mohr. Bot. Taschenb. p. 408 (1807).
, Nees, Nat. Bur. Leb. 2, p. 351 (1836).
le, Tayl. in Hook. Lond. Jo u rn . Bot. 5, p. 282 (1846).
Dioicous, plants small, cæspitose ; stems decumbent, radiculose,
stipulate. Leaves succubous, ovate, emarginate or bilobed,
semi-vertioally imbricated, sub-decurrent, flattened, secund. Stipules
numerous, lanceolate, connate with the adjoining leaves,
free margin reflexed, unidentate at the base. Fertile shoots very
short, postical (issuing from the axils of the stipules), at length
sublateral. Bracts small, 1 or 2 pairs with interposed bracteoles.
Perianth exserted, fusiform, terete, lower half thickened, mouth
contracted, 3-4-fid, segments unequal, entire. Calyptra fleshy,
adherent for f its length with the perianth, free only near to the
apex. Capsule 4-valved, coriaceous. Elaters bispiral. Male
plant more slender; perigonial bracts terminal, more concave,
enclosing 1-2 oval antheridia.
1. Harpanthus soutatus {W. et Ml), Spruce.
Jungermania scutatus, Web. e t Mohr. Bot. Taschenb. p. 408 (1807).
Jungermania stipulacea, Hook. Brit. Ju n g . t. 41 (1816); Sm. Eng. Bot. t. 2538.
Lophozia scutata, Dum. Recueil, p. 17 (1835).
Harpanthus scutatus, Spruce, Trans. Bot. Soc. Edin. I l l , p. 269 (1849).
Dioicous, loosely cæspitose, of a pale green colour. Stems