narrow at the base, soon falling off, smooth, obscurely 4-, 5-plioate
omy at the very aqoex, composed of a single layer of cells, about
100 round at the middle, near the base and up to ^ of its heiglit
bistratose, mouth somewhat contracted, dentate, 8 to 16 teeth, 2
or 3 cells wide at the base, incurved. Pistillidia 8-10. Calyptra
ovate, reticulate, very delicate. Capsule oval, brown; spores
small, fulvous brown ; elaters same colour, broad as the spores.
Male stems similar to the others, <? terminal, 3, 4 pairs of
bracts, imbricate, ventricose; antheridia large, 1 or 2 at the base
of each bract.
Fruits very rarely, May, June.
D im e n s i o n s .— Stems to 2 inches long, diam. 15 mm. to
•2 nnn., with leaves from 1 ’25 mm. to 2' mm. wide; leaves
IT mm. X '8 mm., segments '25 mm., 1' mm. x 6 mm., seg-
2 mm., '75 ram. x '65 mra., seg. T5 mm.; cells '02 mm.
X -035 mm., 02 mm. x 03 mm., '02 mm., '03 mm., '025 m m .;
stipules -2 mm. x '05 mm. broad at the b a s e ; bracts 'O mm.
X '45 mm., seg. To mm., '45 mm. x '4 mm., seg. T mra. ; perianth
3' nun. X 1'25 mm., 2'25 mm. x '9 mm. ; teeth at the mouth
T25 mm., 'Oo mm.; spores '015 mm. diam.; elaters '09 mm.
X -015 mm.; perigonial bracts ’9 mm. x ’9 mm.; antheridia
2 u im . x l 7 5 m m .
H ab.—Crowing often in very densely matted patches of considerable
extent, or floating in water in bogs and marshy places,,
generally distributed. 1 to 18. I.
Found on the Continent and in North America.
Obs.—A distinct species, and not likely to be confused with
any othei-, except Cephalozia fluitans (Nees) Spruce, which may at
first sight be mistaken for it, has obtusely-lobed leaves, and is
found in similar situations to the lax bog form; “ it is distinguished
by the stem rooting by numerous stout flagella, branches whether
foliiferous or floriferous all postical, the longer, narrower and
more laxly-reticulated leaves ; the constant presence of stipules ;
the cladocarpous inflorescence; the tristichous female bract.s,
toothed, at the base, the innermost embracing the perianth ; finally
the linear-fusiform, trigonous, thin perianth.” E. S.
i Cephalozia heterostipa, Carr. & Spruce, which might be confounded
with the small alpine form of Gymnocolea inflata, has
stolons and postical branohes, with linear, subulate stipules, bracts
8-, 4-lobed, perianth obscurely trigonous.
D e s c r ip t io n o p P late CXXXI.—Fig. 1. Plants natural size.
2. Fertile stem x 16 (G. & E. 679, Cornwall, W. Curnow).
3-7. Jjeaves x 24 (Cader Idris, W. H. P.). 8. Portion of leaf
x 290 (G. & E. 627). 9. Stipule x 85 (G. & R. 174, Ingleboro,
Dr. Carrington). 10, 11. Bracts x 24 (Cader Idris, W. H. P).
12. Cross-section of perianth x 24 (ditto). 13, 14. Portions of
the mouth of perianths x 85 (ditto). 15. Perigonial bract x 24
(G. & E. 174). 16. Antheridium x 85 (Festiniog, W. H. P.).
11. Ju n g e rm an ia tu rb in a ta , Baddi.
Jungermania turbinata, EadcU in Act. soc. Modena xviii. p. 29, t. l l l , f . 2, 3
(1820).
Jungermania acuta, pp., Lindenb. Syn. Hep. p. 88 (1829).
Jungermania a ffnis, Wils. in Hook. Brit. Fl. 11, p. 128 (1830).
Jwngermania oorcyracea, Nees, N a t. Eu r. Leb. 11, p. 39 (1836).
Jungermania Wilsoniana, Nees, Nat. E u r. Leb. I l l , p. 548 (1838).
Jungermania Wallrothiana, Nees, in G. L. N. Syn. Hep. p. 104 (1844).
Jungermania badensis, Gott. in G. et. E, Hep. Hnr. n. 9.‘i.
Jungermania algeriensis, Gott- in G. et E. Hep. Eur. n. 301.
Gymnocolea affinis, Hum. Hep. Eur. p. 65 (1874).
Gynmocolea ajfinis, var. Walh'oihia/na, Dum. Hep. Eur. p. 66 (1874). ■
Dioicous, cæspitose, small, of a pale green colour. Steins
simple or slightly branched, prostrate or suberect ; radiculose,
rootlets long, plentiful, delicate, whitish. Leaves succubous,
alternate, contiguous or distant, obliquely semi-vertically inserted,
slightly decurrent antically, concave or plane, spreading or
recurved, horizontal or slightly ascending, ovate, orbicular, subrotund
or suhquadrate, bifid to about U sometimes with a small
third basal antical tooth, sinus acute or obtuse, segments subequal,
acute or obtuse ; texture somewhat delicate, cells between medium
and rather large ('04 mm.), 4-, 5- and 6-sided, quadrate or oblong-
quadrate, walls somewhat thick, two bands, trigones absent or