the same species. The Irish plant (like the Andine) has both
entire and bifid stipules, and was correctly so described by Nees
from original specimens of Miss Hutchins, although Hooker’s
figure (l.c.) and the Eng. Bot. figure (t. 2700) show only bifid
stipules.”
Mr. Macvicar, in his “ Hepaticæ of Moidart” (Journ. of Bot.
Aug. 1899), says: “ Although a small plant, it is not difficult to
recognise when growing in patches, there being nothing with its
appearance in this district except a small lichen which grows in
similar places, and has much the same colour. Single stems
creeping among Frullania can hardly be seen with the naked
eye.”
From flagelliferous shoots of Plagiochila spinulosa, Dicks, and
Plagiochila punctata, Tayl. it may be distinguished by its assurgent
leaves, which are of a different texture, and the presence of
stipules along the whole length of the stem.
D escription op P late CV.—Fig. 1. Plants natural size.
2. Portion of stem x 85. 3. Ditto, postical view x 85.
4 -1 8 . Leaves x 85. 19. Portion of leaf x 290. 20-22. Stipules
X 85 (Conner Hill, Kerry, D. McArdle).
Genus 24. CHILOSCYPHUS, Bum.
Jungermania, Mich. Nov. pi. gen. p. 8 (1729) ; L. Sp. pi. ed. 1, 2, p. 1131 (1753).
Cheilocyphos, Corda in Opiz N a t. p. 631 (1829).
Chilosmyphns, Dum. Syll. Ju n g . p. 67 (1831).
Plants more or less flaccid, pale or dark green. Stems prostrate,
somewhat thick, simple or slightly branched ; radiculose,
rootlets proceeding from the base of the stipules. Leaves subdecurrent,
flattened, entire, rotundate, truncate 2 or 3 dentate,
rarely bifid. Stipules bifid, laciniate, in some species orbiculate
or reniform, margin dentate. Leafy branches postico-lateral, female
branches all postical, proceeding from the axils of the stipules, very
short. Bracts Ç 1-2 pairs, exterior minute, innermost always
smaller than the leaves, variously divided. Pistillidia 5-30.
Perianth small, oboonical or campanulate, only above trigonous,
never winged, mouth trilobate, lobes often spinose, postical sometimes
bifid. Calyptra carnose, below 4-8-stratose, either subglobose
and included in the perianth or olavate and emersed.
Capsule on a long pedicel, oblong-globose, about 4-stratose,
4-valved, dividing down to the base. Elaters bispiral, deciduous.
Androecia at the middle or apices of postical branohes, in the
opposite leaved species always on minute-leaved postical amentula,
but in the alternate-leaved species at the middle or apices of the
stems or branohes ; perigonial bracts smaller than the leaves ;
antheridia large, situated at the base of the antical lobe.
Chiloscyphus polyanthos (Z.), Dum.
Jungermania major, fo liis hreviorihus et ohtusiorihus non deniatis, Mich. Nov. pi.
gen. p. 8, t. 5, f. 3 (1729).
Liehenastrum Trichomanis facie polyanthemum hreve et repens, Dill. Hist. muse.
p. 486, fc. 70, f. 9 (1741).
Jungermania polyanthos, Linn. Sp. pi. n. 1597 (1753) ; Hook. Brit. Ju n g , t 62
(1816).
Chiloscyphus polyanthos, Dum. Syll. Ju n g . Eur., p. 67, t. 1, f. 9 (1831).
Cheiloscyphus polyanthos, Corda in Sturm. Deutschl. Fl., 19, p. 35, t. 9 (1835).
Monoicous, laxly cæspitose, patches thin, spreading, medium
to large in size, green or yellowish-green in colour. Stems creeping,
lax, flexuose, simple or furcately branched, minute branchlets
often produced from the axil of the leaf, antioally ; radiculose,
rootlets fasciculate, proceeding from the base of the stipules.
Leaves alternate, approximate, almost horizontally Inserted, antioal
base deourrent, plane, rotund-quadrate to oblong-quadrate, entire,
rotundate or retuse ; texture thin, cells medium size, clear, 5-6-
sided, often elongate, walls somewhat thick, no trigones. Stipules
small but evident, oblong, bipartite often almost to the base,
segments subulate, rarely unidentate on both outer margins.
Inflorescence cladocarpous, Ç postical on very short branohes.
Sub-bracts 3, very small, broadly subulate. Bract large, trifid,
irregularly dentate. Calyptra exserted, carnose, 4 cells thick
near the base, oblong-obovate, mouth irregular, subentire, after
protrusion of capsule, whieh is dark brown, oval, composed of