from the hilum at the middle base of the stipule, usually short,
dark-coloured and stellateJy spreading. Inflorescence dioicous or
monoicous (rarely paroicous). Andrcecia usually situated on
abbieviated branches, globose oblong or cylindrical, bracts crowded
2- (rarely 3-4-) androns. Gynoeoia always terminal, acrogynous
or cladogynous. Bracts 2-o-pairs, larger than the leaves, lobule
larger and evolute, often dentate or laciniate. Perianth almost
always projecting, oval or obovate, trigonous, third angle postical
or tetragonous, with postical angles two in number, usually smooth,
o I n?'®® tuberculate, apex oonstridted, rostellate. Pistillidia
2 4 Calyptra pyriform or obovate, fleshy, below often 6-8 cells
thick. Pedicel short, 8 or 9 cells in diameter, 32 cells in oiroum-
P'^pillosely spongy, dividing
neaily to the base into 4 valves. Elaters 1 rarely 2-4 spiral
fepores moderately large, reddish, tuberculate, verruculose or rough.
1. Frullania Tamarisci (Z.), Hum.
Ta^arisoi, Linn. Sp. pi. IGOO (1753); Hook. Brit. Jung. n. 6
FruUania Tamarisci, Dum. Recueil Jung. p. 18 (1885).
Monoicous. densely or loosely stratified, large, reddish-brown
01 blackish in colour, rarely dark green. Stems prostrate, imbricate
pinnate, branches patent, alternate, unequal in length, beset
with still shorter branchlets ; radiculose, rootlets reddish-brown in
dense bunches proceeding from the base of the stipules. Leaves
distichous, alternate, closely imbricate, horizontal or patent-divergent,
unequally bilobed, antical lobe convex, slightly involute
subrotund or ovate-rotund, apex obtuse or acute, postical lob^
about 4 times smaller than the antical, much smaller than the
stipules, parallel with the stem, cylindrical or obovate, saccate
sometimes evolute, then oblong-ovate, convex on the under surface’
Epidermis polished, cells very small to small, roundish-quadrate
walls thick, angles thickened, moniliform cells more or les^
present which are larger and darker than the others. Stipules
large, about twice as broad as the stem, subquadrate, longer than
broad, decurrent, hastate, sagittate or calcarate, apex bidentate,
sinus acute, segments acute or obtuse, margin revolute. Flowers y
terminal on short branches, proceeding from chief stem or branches.
Bracts larger than the leaves, unequally bilobed, antioal lobe
ovate, lanceolate, acute or acuminate, margin coarsely and irregularly
serrate, postical lobe smaller lanceolate acuminate, margin
irregularly serrate, remarkably revolute. Bracteole oblong, bhid
to about the middle, segments lanceolate, subulate, recurved,
margin laciniate. Perianth oval or obovate, obtusely trioarinate,
rostellate, smooth. Calyptra obovate or pyriform, yellowisliwhite,
sub-carnose. Pedicel short. Capsule spherical, pale
reddish-brown. Spores brownish. Elaters the same.
Male plant more slender than the female, amen tula spherical
on short lateral branches, perigonial bracts 3 to 4 pairs, turgid,
sub-equally bilobed, lobes oval; perigonial bracteole ovate, bifid,
segments and sinus sub-acute, margin plane ; antheridia oval, 2 or
3 in each bract.
D im e n s i o n s .—Stems 1 to 3 inches long, with leaves 1'25 mm.
wide, diameter of stem '2 mm.; leaves, antical lobe M mm. x '8
mm., postical '3 mm. x -2 mm., antical -8 mm. x '8 mni., postical
2 mm. X .15 mm., antioal '6 mm. x '5 mm., postical ’25 mm. x
1 mm. ; cells '0175 mm., '02 mm. x '015 mm.; stipules '6 mm. x
35 mm.; segments'2 mm., '6 mm. x '6 mm., seg. '1mm., '45 mm.
X '3 mm., seg. '2 mm.; bracts, antioal lobe 1'25 mm. x '6 mm.,
postical '9 mm. x '25 mm.; bracteole '1 mm. x '6 mm., seg. '5 mm.,
perianth '2 mm. x '8 mm.; perigonial bract '5 mm. x '3 mm., perigonial
bracteole '4 mm. x '25 mm.; seg. '15 mm. ; antheridia
'175 mm. x '15 mm.
H ab.—Spreading in large patches, sometimes of great extent,
on trees, stone walls, and rocks, in exposed or shaded places.
Common, but often sterile.
1-17. I.
O b s e r v a t io n s .— This, the commonest o f the British FruUama,
is distinguished fromZl dilatata (L.) by its larger size, proportionately
smaller and more cylindrical postical lobes, margin of