includes the best winter stations of the nomads, in consequence of its
mild climate, and the almost total absence of snow. This zone
possesses quite the characteristic flora of the Aralo-Caspian depression
in its Halophytes, Artemisias, Astragals, Tamarisks, etc. (2) The
cultivated zone of from 1,500' to 4,000' contains the finest arable lands.
In its herbaceous plants this zone has much more resemblance to
those of the European, Russian, and West Siberian lowlands. Nevertheless,
amongst them occur also some genuine Asiatic forms,' such as
Sophora a lope euro ides, Rheum cuneatum, etc. (3) The Pine-tree
zone of 4,000' to 7,600' contains timber suitable for fixed settlements.
The Pinus Schrenkiana is a characteristic of this zone. The remainder
of the tree vegetation consists of Populus tremula, P.
suaveolens, Betula microphylla, Sorbus Aucuparia, and some species
of Salix. (4) The A lpin e meadow zone of from 7,600' to 9,000'
includes the healthiest, and for the nourishment of cattle the richest,
summer stations of the nomads. Of bushes there are found puniperus
Pseudosabina, Caragana jubata, some Spireas and Potentillas.
The Alpine plants consist not only of its own peculiar descriptions, but
also of the Altai, Caucasian, European, and even Himalayan forms.
(5) 7-he H igh A lpin e and glacier zone, from 9,000' to 11,200’, contains
the following distinguishing high Alpine plants :— Oxygraphis
glacialis, Hegemone lilacina, Ranunculus altaicus, var. fraternus,
D r aba pilosa, stellata, etc. • (6) The snow zone from the line of perpetual
snow (11,200 feet) up to the tops of the mountains.
£In the following lists, the Rev. W. W. Tyler has kindly supplied the
English equivalents, and after each order the number of species therein
found respectively in Central Asia and ( bracketed) in Britain. “ By
comparison of these,” Mr. Tyler remarks, “ it is interesting to note
how orders represented by numerous species at home may be looked
for in similar proportions in Turkistan.” It should be 'remembered,
however, that the figures relating to Great Britain are furnished by inany
labourers working for many years, whereas the Central Asian list represents
the collection of one traveller only, during one journey, and must,
therefore, be regarded as incomplete. Bearing this in mind, however, it
may be noticed from the materials before us that the number of orders
found in Great Britain, but absent in Turkistan, is about 25, whereas the
number of orders found in Turkistan, but absent in Britain, is only 9 ;
and each of these contains a very limited number of species. Many
hundreds of Lichens, Mosses, Hepaticae, etc., found in great Britain,
are barely mentioned in the Cryptogamous plants of SemenofPs lists,
which latter, it may be observed, contain several plants new to science.
It should also be added that one locality only is given here to each
species or variety named, whereas in the original there are sometimes
several; and varieties of a species, often numerous in the original, are
here usually confined to one line.—H. L J
A B B R E V IA T IO N S :
A. Northern Ala-Tau. M. Mountain.
B. Southern Ala-Tau. Ch. Chain.
G. Thian Shan, about Issik-Kul. V. Valley.
P. Pass or passes. St. Steppe.
R. River.
I._RANUNCULACEAE 69 (49), Crowfoot Family.
No. Name in Latin and English. Locality. Time of bios- Eleva-
som or fruit. tion.
,, et var. serratifolia
,, integrifolia
,, orientalis, var. vulgaris
,, „ var. acutifolia
Atragene alpina, var. sibirica .
Thalictrum alpinum
,, isopyroides .
„ minus, var. procerum
,, var. virens
,, foetidum var.
,, genuinum cinereum
,, var. glabrum
,, majus, var. genuinum
,, simplex ß strictum
Anemone Falconeri
,, biflora .
„ narcissiflora .
,, ß monantha .
,, micrantha
Pulsatilla patens, ß Wolfgangiana
albana, y parviflora .
1 6 . A d o n i s æ s t i v a l i s , y p a r v i f l o r a
1 7 . , , v e r n a l i s , y v i l l o s a
1 8 . , , d b i p i n n a t i f i d a
1 9 . C e r a t o c e p h a l u s o r t h o c e r a s
2 0 . R a n u n c u l u s p l a t y s p e r m u s
,, a g e n u i n u s .
, , y f i l i f o r m i s .
2 1 . , , p u l c h e l l u s , v a r . l o n g i c a u l i s
2 2 ; „ C y m b a l a r i a e
2 3 . , , h y p e r b o r e u s , ß n a t a n s
2 4 . , , a l t a i c u s , ß f r a t e r n u s
, , s u l p h u r e u s , a a l t a i c u s
2 5 . „ a l t a i c u s , y t r i l o b u s
>> . j? ?»
, , a u r i c o m u s , ß c a s s u b i c u
2 6 . , , p o l y r h i z o s
2 7 . , , s o n g a r i c u s .
2 8 . , , a c r i s , ß S t e p h e n i .
2 9 . „ ò b o r e a l i s . .
3 0 . , , p o l y a n t h e m o s
a ß g l a b r e s c e n s
3 1 . • , , l a n u g i n o s u s .
3 2 . „ g e l i d u s , ß d a s y c a r p u s
3 3 - ■ s c e l e r a t u s .
34- Oxygraphis glacialis
35^. Callianthemum rutaefolium
35^ Caltha palustris
36. Trollius altaicus
Traveller' s Joy B Kara Su . May.
Do. I Turkistan
Do. Takyr .
Do. \A River Lepsa. . August
Do. River Bukon
1 ;£ River Almaty . April
Meadow Rue B Kurmenti Pass 8,000'
Do.
Do. \B Turaigyr Pass . June
Do. \B Kurmenti Pass . June, 8,000'
Do.
Do. \B . June
Do. . March
Do. Turkistan . April
Do. \C River Karkara 5,500'
Anemone \B Tabulgaty Pass 6,ooo'
Do. \A Arassan Chain April and Mav
Do. \B Various Passes May, 7,5oo'-8.ooo'
Do Dj il-K aragai
Do. ■ \C Kokdjar Pass . June, 8,000'
? \A . April
7 Aral-dj el Pass . May, 6,400'
Pheasant's Eye\A Hi Valley . May
Do,.
Do.
7
Crowfoot
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
7
7
7
April
April
June
\C \C
IA
Marsh Marigola\B
Globe Flower AB
Kirgliese Steppe
River Cherganak
Kirghese Steppe
Djangys-Agach Chain May
Zaisan district
Zaisan district
Assyn-Bulak
Tuz-Kok
Karatau Chain
Djasjyl-Kal .
May, 8,000'
Zäuku Pass .
Sartau Mountain
Karatau ,.
Kurmenti Pass
9,000
Altai Mountain
Kirghese Steppe
Keghen.
Almaty Pass.
Tschilik Valley
River Djenishke
Karatau Mountain
Y i e r n y .
Tuz-Kok
Almaty Valley
Zauku Pass .
Kokdjar Pass.
B C Mountain Passes May
River Kaldjir . May
Almaty Pass . May, 7,500'
. April
. Aug., 6,000'
.July
. June
, May
July, 9,000
June, 10,000'
June, 8.000'