who desire it may obtain further information from the
originals. My own remarks hereinafter are enclosed in
brackets and signed \H. L.\.
VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL DISTRIBUTION OF
TURKISTAN ANIMALS.
B y N . A . S E V E R T S O F F .
E d i t e d b y A . P . F e d ch e n k o a n d L . P . S a b a n a e f f .
Explanation :■—
Vertical distribution:—
P lains (i).— From 600' to 1,000' above the sea, comprising salt
plains.
Downs (2).— From 3,000' to 4,000', comprising cultivated districts
and grassy steppes.
H ills (3).— From 4,500' to 8,000' or an average of 6,000', comprising
larch woods, apple and ash groves.
Mountains (4).—From 8,500' to 10,500', comprising juniper, fir,
and birch districts.
Peaks (5) — From district of Alpine grasses up to the snow-line.
Horizontal distribution :—
N.E. (I.)—Semirechia : comprising the districts of Kopal, Vierny, Issik-
Kul, the rivers Ak-sai and Upper Narin.
S.E. (II .S em ire ch ia south of Issik-Kul, about Son-Kul and Chatir-
Kul; the rivers Susamir, Jumgal, and Lower Narin, flowing south
from the Alexandrovski mountains, with others * flowing north,
namely, the Chu and Talas.
N.W. (III.)—The West Thian Shan about Tashkend, comprising the
Upper ArisvChirchik, and Keles; the Kara-Tau mountains, and
the Lower. Syr-daria to Lake Aral.
S.W. (IV.)4s4The Zarafshan Valley, Steppe between the Syr-daria and
the Kizil-Kum Desert, and district about Khojend.
s signifies sedens, or settled. R signifies rare.
t transvolans ,, passing. C ,, common
e „ erraticus ,, migratory. ' n ,, new.
n „ nidulans ,, breeding. s ,, species.
a - „ aestivus ,, summer.
h „ hyemalis ,, winter.
[I have inserted the letters and words at the heads of columns as
conveying more to the eye than the figures in the original. The
English names of Severtsoff’s Mammals, Reptiles, and Fishes have
been inserted by Dr. Gunther.—H. L.]
MAMMALIA (Mammals).
M a m m a l i a . * Mammals.
I. II. III.
N.E. S.E. N.W
3-
4-
5- 6.
7-
8.
9- 10.
r i .
12.
13-
1 4 .
i5-
1 6 .
17-
1 8 .
19-
2 0 .
2 1 .
2 2 .
23-
2 4 .
25-
2 6 .
2 7 .
2 8 .
2 9 .
3°-
3i-
3 2 .
33-
34-
35- 36.
37-
38.
39-
4 0 .
4i-
4 2 .
43*
44-
45-
4 6 .
V e s p e r u g o t u r c o m a n u s [ s p o r . ] Turcoman B at
>) s e r o t i n u s Serotine do.
i f b l y t h i , W a g n ; Indian Pipistrelle
t, a k o k o m u l i , T e m m . .?
P l e c o t u s a u r i t u s . . Long-eared Bat
, , l e u c o p h s e u s , n.s. I
R h i n o l o p h u s e u r y a l e ? [ s p o r . ] HorseshoeJBat
S o r e x p u l c h e l l u s )
| | l e u c o d o n J * * * Shrews
E r i n a c e u s a u r i t u s . F.ong-eared Hedgehog
U r s u s leuconyx ( U . i s a b e l l i n u s ? H o r s f . )
White-clawed Bear
M e l e s t a x u s , G u l o b o r e a l i s ( ? ) . Badger
F o e t o r i u s p u t o r i u s , v a r . e v e r s m a n n i .
s . C . s . C . !
s . C .
s . R .
Eversrnanri's PolecaA s . C . s . C . I s . C .
, , a l p i n u s , G e b l . ' Siberian WeaseA s
.Stoat o r Erm ine s . C . I s . C .
Common WeaseA
. Beech Martem s s
, , e r m i n e u s
, , g a l e , P a l l
M u s t e l a f o i n a .
, , intermedia,
, , m a r t e s
L u t r a v u l g a r i s
C a n i s l u p u s
, , a l p i n u s .
, , f a m i l i a r i s
, , v u l p e s .
, , . m e l a n o t i s
, , c o r s a k .
F e l i s t i g r i s
, , i r b i s
, , j u b a t a
, , l y n x ( c u m v a r .
, , m a n u l
, , s e r v a l i n a
s . C .
s . R
s
s . R
s
s . C .
s
IV.
S.W.
s . C .
Pine Martem s
. Common Otterl s
WolA s
Northern W ild Dog| s
. D o.I s . C . I
Common Fox s . C . |
. Black-eared do. I s ;
Corsacl s - [
Tiger' s I
. Snow Leopard
CheetahA
c e r v a r i a ) . - Lynx\ s j
Manul s
2 - !
s s
s s
s . C . s . C .
s . C . S - . C .
s . C .
S.C.
, , c a t u s d o m e s t i c u s . Domestic 'Cat
A r c t o m y s b a i b a c i n u s , B r n d t . . Bobac
, , c a u d a t u s . . long-tailed Marmot
S p e r m o p h i l u s f u l v u s . . . Souslik
, , l e p t o d a c t y l u s Slender-toed do.
, , b r e v i c a u d a , B r d t I Short-tailed
( m u g o s a r i c u s ? L i c h t . ) . ) [Souslik
,, s. I
A r v i c o l a a r v a l i s
, , l e u c u r a
» g r e g a l i s .
M u s w a g n e r i . . . . ?
/3 m a j o r ( M . T o k m a k ? n.s.) Aryan Mouse
, , d e c u m a n u s
C r i c e t u s s o n g a r u s
, , E v e r s m a n n i , B r n d t .
Common Vole
Hamster
Do.
; . C . i s . C . | s . C . S . C .