Spring, of New Zealand, and another, with shorter, smaller, more subulate leaves, and axillary capsides, passes into
L. Selago. In the ‘ Flora Antarctica ’ I have hazarded the opinion that this, and very many other species of the
Selago group, are mere varieties of L. Selago itself, strangely altered by locality and climate. Iu its ordiuary state
L. varium may be recognized by its stout, erect stem (6-18 inches high) aud branches, patent or generally imbricated,
decuiTcnt, liuear, coriaceous, blunt leaves, and stout, drooping, tetragouous spikes of capsules, with short,
ovate, keeled, blunt, imbricating scales: these scales however ofteu become foliaceous (in var. umbrosuni, Br.), when
the spicate character is lost. Wlieu the leaves become more subulate and smaller, the plaut appears to pass into
L. Selago. When it inhabits warmer latitudes it grows dependent from trees, is much branched, more slender and
flaccid, and becomes L. Billardieri. I cannot distinguish tliis species from the L. giiidioides of South Africa and
the Mauritius by auy character of importance.—P la t e CLXX. B - l \ Forms of L. vaiium, showing the passage to
L. Selago (Fig. A).
§ b. Leaves imbricated all round the stem. Spikes cylindrical, sessile.
3. Lycopodium densum (Lab. Fl. Nov. Holl. ii. p. 104. t. 251. f. 1 ); caule erecto superne fasti-
giatira ramosissimo, foliis sex-multifariam imbricatis erectis et appressis v. patulis et squarrosis subulato-
lanceolatis integris longe acumiuatis piliferisve, spicis terminalibus solitariis sessilibus ramulis latioribus
oblongo-cyliudraceis squarrosis, squamis scariosis triangulari-ovatis, sporis hispidis.—Br. Prodr. 165;
Spring, Monog. p. 87 ; Fi. N . Zeal. ii. 53. [Gunn, 49, 323, 1556.)
H ab. Abundant in heathy places, etc., throughout the Island.— (y. v.)
D is t u ib . Victoria a n d New South Wales, New Zealand, Pacific Islands.
A very handsome plant, which, though variable in foliage, cannot be confouuded with any other.—Siems prostrate
below, then tall, erect, rigid, woody, stiff, 1-3 feet high, copiously fastigiately branched; branches rarely
spreading aud lax, densely covered with squarrose, spi'eading or closely imbricated, appressed, subulate, acuminate,
rarely hair-pointed leaves : the character of the branches depends on the form and disposition of the leaves, whieh
are sometimes short, erect, closely appressed, sexfariously imbricated, when the branches are slender; when the
leaves are spreading and incurved, the branches appear stouter. Spikes cylindrical, 4—|- inch long, sessile, blunt,
squarrose from the spreading, scarious, yellow scales, which are peltate, triangular, seii'ulate or erose. The spores
arc hispid with short blunt projections.
4. Lycopodium la te r a le (Br. Prodr. 165); caulibus repentibus, ramis ascendentibus erectisve et
elongatis foliosis simpdcibus v. divisis, foliis undique imbricatis squarroso-patentibus incurvis anguste subulatis
integris, spicis brevibus lateralibus cylindraceis, squamis subquadrifariam imbricatis late triangulari-
ovatis coriaceis.— Lab. Send. Aust. Caled.p. H). t. 15 ; Spring, Monog. p . 82 ■, Fl. N . Zeal. n. 5Z. [Gunn,
57.)
Var. 0 . diffusum; caulibus diffusis prostratis, ramis ascendentibus.—L. difl'usum, Br. Prodr. I. c.
[Gunn, 1558.)
H ab. Var. a. Eocky Cape, Gunn. Var. 0 . Alpine bogs, common.— [v.v.)
D is t k ib . Victoria, New South Wales, New Zealand, Pacific Islands.
A variable plant in habit.—Stems procumbent, sparingly branched below; branches slender, erect, simple or
sparingly divided, 3 inches to a span tall, covered witli patent, flexuous, squarrose, narrow subulate leaves, which
are 4 inch long. Spikes a.xiUary, sessile, erect, 4 inch long. Scales quadrifarious, coriaceous, very broadly ovate or
rounded, suddenly contracted to a rather long stiff point; margin scarious, white, very narrow.—In alpine places
this plaut becomes procumbent, shorter, stiffer, and with broader, shorter leaves; such specimens appear to me to
be Z. diffusum, Br.
§ c. Leaves imbricated all round the stem (sometimes obscurely secund or bifariousj. Spikes peduncled.
5. Lycopodium Caroliuianum (Linn. Sp. PI. 1567); caule repente radicante, foliis ascendentibus
curais knceolato.sffbulatis, pedunculis kieralibus strictis erectis elongatis foliosis, spica elongata stricta
solitaria, squamis peltatis sub-6.fariam imbricatis erecto-patentibus e basi late ovata longe acuminatis margine
scariosis serrulatis iiite g risv e.-Z Ï« . Mme. t. 63. / 6 ; Spring, Monog. p . 08; Fl. K Zeal. li. 63.
L. Drummondii, Sprtng, Monog.pt. %. p. 35. L. serpentinum ?, Kunze, in Plant. Preiss. ii. 108
[Gunn, 4.)
IIab. Boggy places ; not uncommon.— [v.v.)
D is t u ib . Victoria, Swan Hiver, New South Wales, New Zealand, South Africa, aud many subtropical
and temperate parts of the globe.
Stems creeping, rooting, 3-5 inches long, covered with curved, ascending, lanceolate-subulate leaves, 4 inch
long and upwards. PeduncU erect, stiff, 1-4 inches long, covered with small, erect, subulate leaves. Spike 1-2
inches long, erect, cylindrical. Seales peltate, arranged in about six rows, stiff, spreading, broadly ovate below,
with long rigid points, and scarious, more or less toothed mai-gins, being sometimes nearly entire.—The leaves
appear to be bifarious in some specimens from South Africa and South America.
6 . Lycopodium clavatum (L.), var. Magellanicum ; caule vage repente elongato, ramis erectis
fastigiatim ramulosis, foliis lineari-subulatis squarroso-incurvis pateutibusve integerrímis, pedunculis termi-
iialibus sohtanis geminisve strictis erectis sparse foliosis, spicis elongatis cylindraceis, squamis peltatis e
basi trapezoidea subnlato-acuramatis recurvis margine scariosis deiiticulatis, sporis granulatis.—F/. Antarct.
p . 113; Fl. N . Zeal. ii. 54. L. Magellanicum, Swartz, Syn. Fil. 180; Spring, Monog.pt. 2. pp. 97, 16.
L. fastigiafum, Br. Prodr. 165; Spring, Monog. p t. 1. p . 88, p t. 2. p . 41. L. Pichinchense, Hook. Jc.
PI. t. 85. L. heterophyllum, Hook, et Grev. Ic. Fil. 1 .113. L. difl'usum. Spring, Monog., non Br. Prodr
[Gunn, 48, 56, 1557.)
H ab. Moist boggy subalpine places; abundant.— (t;. v.)
D is t r ib . Victoria, New Zealand, and the Antarctic Islands, Cordillera of South America, and cooler
regions of the Pacific Islands.
In the ‘ Flora Antarctica ’ I have discussed at some length the variations of L. clavatum, of which I believe
this plant to be a southern state, distinguishable in most cases by the quite entire leaves, that have not a hair-like
point. In the South Sea Islands and the CordiUera of South America it is found passing into the L. clavatum of
the north-temperate hemisphere, a cosmopolitan plant.—Y/w« extensively creeping, stout, woody, sending up strict,
erect, fastigriately branched or panicled brandies, 3-12 inches high. Leaves imbricated, spreading, incurved ox
squarrose, Imear-subulate, entire. Peduncles terminal, solitaiy or two together, strict, erect, more or less leafy, the
leaves often whoried. Spikes 1-24 inches long, erect, cylindric, Scales peltate, trapezoid and toothed at the base
with long rceumd points. Spores granulated on the surface.-Very stunted alpine specimens have procumbent
branches and subsecimd ascending leaves. I have seen specimens with short peduncles, approaching L. densum in
general apjjearance, but the form of the recurved scales of the spike distinguishes tliis at once.
§ d. Leaves bifarious.
7. L y c o p o d ium s c a rio sum (Forst. Prodr. ,i. 4 8 ), ¿ u le tosi reperito rage ramoso, ramis subcompk-
iiatis divaricatim lamulosrs, foliis aliis majoribus bifariis decurrentibus integerrimis falsato.kuceoktis acutis
conaeeis opacis murginibusve et apicibus scariosis aliis minoribus cauli appressis subulatis stlputeformibns.
sprcis terminalibus longe v. brevissime peduiicnklis subsexfariam imbricatis pedúnculo folioso, squamis (
basi ovata acumiuatis denticuktis -erectis demum recurvis apicibus smpc scariosis, sporis laxe relienlalim
areoktis, areolis depressis.—Æ Antarot. p . 112; llooh. Io. Plant, t. 966; Spring, Mangg. p. 106; Fl.
N. Zeal. 11. 65. L. decurreiis, Br. Prodr. p . 165. L. Jussieui, Besv. Bnoyol. B o t.: Hook. Ic. Plant,
t . m - . Spring, I.e . p . 16%. L. Hmiikii, Presi. (Gian, 66.)
VOL. I I.