Gen. IV. IIYPOLÆNA, Br.
Flores dioici, cbracteolati, squamis amenti sessiles; ? solitarii. M a sc . Amenta multiflora, laxe
paniculata. Perianthium Stamina Z-, areZ/zcm peltatis, simplicibus. Fcem. zimcMte terminaba,
uniflora. Perianthium 6 -glume, brevissiinuin. Ovarium 1-ovulatum; stylo deciduo, 2-3-ûdo. Nux ossea,
stipitata, apice late cvassc umbonata, basi perianthio brevi cincta.—IIerbæ ; rhizomate repente; culmis
teretiusculis, ramosis, vaginatis; infloresceutia mascula Leptoearpi. (Character e H.fastigiata.)
I do not know the limits of tliis genus ; there are several species described from Swan River, and others exist
amongst the South-western Australian plants of the Hookerian Herbarium, provisionally referred by me to Lepio-
carpus aud Restio, and requii-ing close examination. 1 have drawn up the generic character from the Tasmanian
H.fastigiata alone, for the H. exsulca of Brown I take to be the female of Lahillardicre’s Calorophis elongatm, the
male of which Brown has referred to Restio. The male plant of H.fastigiata very closely resembles that of Leptocarpus
Brownii in appearance and structure, but its culms ai-e ashy, more pubescent, aud excessively branched. The
female plaut resembles the male in general appearance, but instead of beai-iiig terminal effuse panicles of nodding
or drooping cylindrical amenta, it has sobtary or very few terminal, erect, single-flowered amenta.—ibma/e flower
simk in the large upper scales of the amentum ; perianth of six very small glumes, that embrace the base of the
stalked nut, and adhere to it after it has fallen away. Nut one-celled, one-sceded, with a large, polished, pale,
hemispherical or conical, umboiiate top. (Derivation of name unknown to me.)
1. H jrp o læ n a fa s tig i a t a (Br. Prodr. 25 1 ); culmis fastigiatim ramosis teretibus striatis cineras-
centibus, vaginis strictis bruuneis apice membranaceis, perianthn fructiferi glumis ovabbus.— Fk.
iii. 4 5 1 . {Gunn, 5 9 9 , 9 6 3 , 9 6 4 , 9 6 5 .) (T a b . CXXXVII.)
H a b . Abundant iu sandy places which are wet in winter.—(Fl. Nov.) {v.v.)
Distrib. New South Wales, Victoria, and Swan River.
Restio cinerascens, Br., of South-western AustraUa, most strongly resembles the male of H.fastigiata, if it he
not the same plant.—P la t e CXXXVII. Fig. 1, male amentum ; 2, scale of ditto, and flower ; 3, flower, removed ;
4, stamen; 5, female amentum ; 2, flower; 5, unripe nut, cut vertically
Gen. V. CALOROPHUS, Lah.
Amenta p a rv a , v a g in is c u lm i s em i- im m e r s a , p a u c if lo r a . Flores m o n o ic i v . d io ic i. M a s c . Perianthium
6- g lum e . Stamina 3 ; antheris s im p lic ib u s , p e l ta t is . Foe m . Perianthium 6- g lum e , b r e v e . Ovarium 1 -
o v u l a tu m ; stylis 2 - 3 . Nux o s s e a v . c ru s tá c e a , e llip tic a , a p ic e n o n in c ra s s a ta , p e r ia u th io c in c ta .— H e r h æ ;
r h iz om a te repente; c u lm is gracillimis, flexuosis, sub/astigiatim v. alternatim ramosis, semiteretibvs; v a g in is
ore barbatis glabrisve, appressis, coriaceis, mucrone patente terminatis; am e n tis squamis rigide coria-
Several species of this genus abound in extratropical Australia, but all want examination. The genus differs
from Ilypolcena in habit, iu the raucronate apex to the sheaths of the culm, in the three stout, pale styles, and in
the absence of a tumid top of the xcxi.— Culms rigid, wiry, green, often flexuose, sparingly or profusely branched,
tbe branches very slender, terete, or grooved on one side. Bhealhs very rigid, coriaceous, cartilaginous, closely investing
the culms, with patent, rigid, subulate points. Amenla small, unisexual, rarely hermaphrodite, more or
less sunk in the sheaths of the culm; scales convolute. Male of few flowers. Perianth included or exserted, of
six lanceolate glumes, and three stamens with exserted anthers. Pemale amenla with one or few almost terminal
flowers, of which the upper alone is perfect. Perianth of six small glumes, which adhere to the ripe nut. (Name
from KaXu)po4>os, a Restio, according to Labillardiere.)
1. Calorophus elon gatu s (Lab. Nov. Holl. ii. p. 7. t. 2 2 8 ); culmis basi subfastigiatim ramosis,
ramulis gracilibus elongatis flexuosis, vaginis ore barbatis, amentis masculis 4-6-floris bractea obtusa barbata
sufTullis, glumis 6 linearibus, amentis foemineis 1-3-floris, floribus remotis inferiore 2-glumi cæteris
6 -glumibus.— Nees, in PI. Preiss. ii. 68 ; Nob. in FL N. Zeal. i. 267. Restio lateriflorus, Br. Prode. 247 ;
Kunth, En. iii. 4 1 9 ; Sieb. Agrostoth. 29 et 39. Leptocarpus squarrosus, Nees, in Sieb. Agrostoth. 38.
{Gunn, 599.)
Var. /9. minor; humilis, fastigiatim ramosus, ramis brevibus gracilibus, amentis masculis L-2-floris,
fcemineis solitariis.—C. minor. Nob. iu FL N Zeal. i. 267.
H ab . Abundant throughout the Island, in sterile, swampy places. Var. 0 . Alpine marshes, alt.
3-4000 fret.—(FÎ. Nov.) {v. v.)
D is t r ib . South-eastern and South-western Australia; New Zealand (both varieties).
Culms pale-green, rigid, wiry, 2—3 feet long, flexuous. Branches slightly compressed. Sheaths with a inon-
or less woolly mouth, and patent or recurved apex. The var. /3 is a much smaller and different-looking plant,
which I described as a doubtfully new species in the New Zealand Flora ; hut Gunn considers it the same as
C. elongatus, and except in its smaller size and fewer flowers, I can find no difference between the Tasmanian
lowland and alpine states. The New Zealand var. minor has very much more woolly sheaths, with erect apices.
Calorophcs flexuosus, Nees,'and C. crispatus, Nees, are both very neai-ly allied to this variety, and in some respects
intermediate between it and C. elongatus.
Gen. VI. APHELIA, Br.
Spica solitaria, terminalis, disticha. Squamæ l-3-floræ, omnes unifiores, hermaphroditæ, v. iiiferiores
1 V. 2 masculæ, l-3-floræ; floribus uniglumibus, monandris; cæteræ foemineæ, unifloræ eglumes v . 1-glumes,
gluma postica monogyna. Utriculus raonospermus; stylo filiformi.— Herbæ pusilloe Cyperi parvuli fa c ie ;
radieibus fibrosis; ioMis omnibus radicalibus, filiformibus ; scapo nudo, indiviso ; spicala compressa, ovata
A very curious little genus, of which the Tasmanian and Victoria species differ from the original South-west
Australian A. cyperoides, described by Brown, in the glumes being unisexual, and in the lower scales of the spike
having several male flowers, and the rest bearing a solitary female one, I have examined four species of tiiis
section ; aU are South-west Australian, and two of these are here described.—Minute, tufted, annual, herbaceous
plants, about an inch high, with capiUary leaves aud scapes, the latter bearing a solitaiy, flat, distichous, erect or
inclined, ovate spikelet. Lower scales louger than the others, forming a kind of involucre, more coriaceous, with a
subulate, herbaceous limb aud apex, and membranous margins. Glumes solitaiy, of male flowers, minute, lanceolate,
membranons, hyaline. Stamens ndtb filiform, flattened filaments, and onc-ceUed, linear anthers. Upper scales
8-10, broadly ovate, eucnllate, obtuse, green, with broad, memhranous margins. Utriculus membranous, linear-
oblong, bursting externally down the middle. (Name from a<^€ÀT/s, simple.)
1. Ap h e lia Gunnii (Hook, fil.); spica inclinata, squama inferiore mascula solitaria aristata invo-
lucriformi, cæteris foemineis ovatis obtusis ecarinatis racdio setosis. {Guun, 1499.) (Tab. CXXXVITL
G)
Hab. Wet places : Formosa, Gunn.— (Fl. Nov.)
D istr ib . Victoria, Mueller.
An exceedingly slender leaved and culmed annual weed, scarcely an inch high, with a sinall, inclined spike.—
Plate CXXXVIII, C. Fig. 1, spikelet; 2, lower scale and male flower; 3, upper scale; 4, female; 5, utriculus,
burst open; 6, seed; 7, diagram of spikelet :—all magnified.