tetraquetns compressis, caulino lamina brevi ensiformi, jiauicula subcoarctata composita, spiculis congestis,
squamis ovato-lanceolatis acumiuatis ciliatis, nuce túrgida subtrigona rugosa mamilla couica terminata
{Gunn, 1896, 1399.) (T a b . CXLIX.)
H a b . Common in moist places throughout the Island.— (Fl. Dec.) {v. v.)
D is t r ib . New South Wales and Victoria.
Culms 18 iuches to 2 feet high, robust, terete, compressed, and obscurely four-angled. Radical leaves numerous,
stout, curved, rigid, acutely tetraquetrous. with striated faces. Panicle contracted, 2-3 inches long, of numerous,
congested, dark red-brown, shiuing spikelets. Scales ciliated. Nui rugose.—Pl.^te CXLIX. Fig. 1, spikelet ;
2, scale aud fiower ; 3, pistil ; 4, nut -.—all magnified.
b. Culms fiatiened.
6 . Cladium schcenoides (Br. P ro * . 237) ; culmis aphyllis foliisque equitantibus plano-compressis
tovibus, vaginis imberbibus, spica subcomposita, spiculis l.floris fasciculatis lanceolatis, squamis anguste
lanceolatis glaberrimis, nuce obovoidea trigona apice trúncala.— Em. ii. 806. Scbccnus acntus,
Lab. Nov. Holl. i. 18. t. 18. {Gunn, 1397.)
H a b . Dry heathy places: Circular Head, G m n ; Cheshunt, Archer; New Norfolk, Oldfield.— (Y l
Nov.)
D i s t r ib . New South V ales, Victoria, and Swan River.
Much the smaUest Tasmanian species, about a span high ; veiy simüar to Lepidosperma globosa and linearis.—
mzorne stout, creeping, scaly. Leaves equitant, aU radical, compressed, almost flat, longer than the culm, which
is also compressed, aud of about equal breadth inch). Panicle simple, 1 iuch long; tbe brancbes, beino' few,
short, aud bearing fascicles of sessile spikelets, give it almost the appeai'ance of a spike.
c. Culms terete. Leaves plane or involute.
7. Cladium Pilum (Br. Prodr. 237) ; culmis teretibus foliosis, foliis involutis apice filiferis culmum
superantibus, panicula elongata coarctata foliosa, bracteis longissime aristatis foliosisve, spiculis dense glo-
meratis, glomerulis alternis, squamis ovato-acuminatis exterioribus aristatis triandris v. tetrandris, nuce
linean trigona apice simplici Kunth, En. ii. 305 ; an Nees in Plant. Preiss. Ü. 87 ? Schænus
Filum, Lab. Nov. Holl. i. 18. t. 19.
H a b . Abundant in clay-soil about Hobarton and elsewhere.— (Fl. Nov.) {v. v.)
D is t r ib . South-eastern Australia.
Culms terete, leafy, 2 ^ feet high. Leaves very long, slender, involute, slightly scabrous at the margins, with
long, black sheaths. Pmmicle 3-8 inches long, slender, ot alternate glomeruli on inch long, consisting of numerons
crowded spikelets. SeaUs ovate-lanceolate; outer aristate ; inner acuminate, a u nm í three (four aecoiding to
Brown). Nut pale, linear, trigonous, mucronate.
8. Cladium Ma r iscus (Br. Prodr. 236) ; culmo elato tereti lævi folioso, foliis planiusculis carina
marginibusque asperis, panicula decomposita foliosa, spiculis capitato-glomeratis, floribus 3 -andris, nuce
elliptico-ovoidea mucronata.—Eng. Bot. t. 950; Kunth, En. ii. 303.
H a b . Tasmania, Brown.
D i s t e ib . Australia, Polynesia, India, Europe, America, Africa? (A native of England.)
I have seen no Tasmanian specimens of this very widely-diffused species. It may be readily known by its
verj- leafy habit, scabrous keel and margins of leaves, much widely branched panicle, with divaricating branches,
and the subcapitate, pale-brown spikelets.—Nm/í pale-brown, with an acuminate apex.
Gen. X I II. GAHNIA, Forst.
Spicules ■ç&Tvæ, 1-floræ, in paniculam terminalem ramosam sæpe etfusam dispositæ; undique
imbricatis. intima minima florem iiivolvente. Filamenia 3, 4 v. 6, post anthesin elongata. persistentia.
Nux obtuse trigona ; stigmatibus divisis indivisisve.— Herbæ rigides, erecta ; cwXima foliosis ; foliis involutis,
longe acuminatis.
A genus of erect, coarse, rigid, leafy Sedges, chiefly natives of AustraUa, Tasmania, and New Zealand, hut
there ai-e a few Malayan and Pacific Island species. It is very closely allied to CUidium, but differs in the elon-
gated, persistent filaments, by which the nut is often suspended after it has faUen away from the spikelet.—
very hard, obscurely trigonous ; apex thickened ; inner walls in some species grooved transversely, in others very
slightly so, or quite even. Styles three, undivided or branched. (Named in honour of Lr. Henry Gahn, a Swedish
botanist.)
§ 1. L am po c a r y a .— Seedn
I . Gahma trifida (Lab. Nov. Holl. i. 8 9 .1 .116) ; foliis bracteisque asperis apice longe filiformibus,
panicula coarctata interrupta, spiculis dense capitato-congestis, squamis longe acuminatis, staminibus 3,
stigmatibus indivisis, nuce atra obtuse trigona obovoidea mucronata, semine lævi.— Lampocarya hexandra,
Br. Prodr. 238. {Gunn, 335.)
H a b . Tasmania, Labillardiere, Gunn.
D is t r ib . South-eastern Australia.
. I have a very small Tasmanian fragment of this plant, gathered by Gunn, but excellent ones coUected in Victoria
(as Cladium Filum) by Mueller. The sliort, obovoid, black nut, and tbe long filaments of the stamens, which
vary from three to four and six, distinguish it from Cladium Filum, which it most closely resembles in many respects.
I have restored this plant to Gahnia, where LabiUardiere placed it, tbe genus Lampocarya appearing to me to be
untenable, some plants being quite intermediate in characters between it and Gahnia. The present species further
unites Gahnia with Cladium, through C. Filum. None of my specimens are bexandrous, as Labüiardière’s appear
to have been, whence Brown gave it tbe specific name oï hexandra.
§ 2. Ga h k ia .—Nut osseous. í
2. Gahnia p sitta con im (Lab. Nov. Holl. i. 89. t. 115); culmo robusto elato, foliis scabridis
ecbinulatisve, panicula elongata interrupta decomposita atra, squamis plurimis obtusis, filamentis 6 corru-
gatis, stigmatibus bifidis, nucibus obovoideis rubris nitidis apice areola sphacelata, semine transverse sulcato.
~ B r . Prodr. 238. {Gunn, 982.)
H a b . Abundant in forest laud, etc., throughout the Island.— (PI. Dec.) {v. v.)
D is t r ib . New South Wales and Victoria.
A tall, very handsome Sedge, 4-8 feet high, forming large clumps, extremely dangerous from the severe
ragged cuts its coarse, sharply scabrid foUage inflicts if drawn across tbe hand; easUy kuown by its great size,
stout. soUd, eyUndrical culms, as thick at tbe base as the middle finger, long leaves, and long black panicle of
innumerable spikelets, which have black, blunt, closely imbricated scales, six long, crumpled, twisted filaments, aud
bright red, polished nuts.
3. Gahnia melanocarpa (Br. Prodr. 23 9 ); culmo gracili, foliis culmum superantibus echinulatis,
panicula breviuscula coarctata ramosa, squamis acutis, staminibus 3, stigmatibus indivisis, nucibus atris
{Gunn, 1400.)
H a b . Tasmania, Brown; near Hobarton, (Fl. Nov.)
D i s t r ib . New South Wales and Victoria.
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