way up the inner leaflets ; all included, with very slender filaments and small yellow anthers. Ovary tngonous.
(Named in lionoiu- of E. Laxmann, a Siberian traveller.)
1. L a xm a n n ia m in o r (Br. Prodr. 286) ; caulibus dense cæspitosis tenuibus ramosis, foliis fasciculatis
curvis acerosis (poUicaribus), stipulis longe ciliatis, capitnlis sessilibus 6- 8-floris, bracteis exterioribus
subciliatis, interioribus plerisque margine integris, perianthii foliolis exterioribus scariosis lineari- v. oblongo-
lauceolatis acutis involutis, interioribus liueari-oblongis obtusiusculis membranaceis exterioribus dimidio
minoribus.—Kunth, En. iv. 642. {Gunn, 968.)
H a b . Heathy places : abundant in some of the north parts of the Colony, and at Georgetown, Circular
Head, and Asbestos Hills, Gunn.— (Fl. Oct.)
D is t k ib . Victoria, Robertson ; Swan River, Bruminond.
Geu. X II. ASTELIA, Banks et Sol.
Mores sericei, polygamo-dioici, racemosi v. paniculati. Perianthium rotatum v. campanulatum, 6 -partitum,
patens. Stamina 6, in floribus foemiueis minimis castratis. Ovarium 3-gonum, 1-3-loculare ; ovulis
plurimis V. paucis, axillaribus parietalibusve ; stylo erecto, apice trilobo v. Ü ; stigmatibus sessilibus. Bacca
ovoidea v. globosa, carnosa, 1- v. 3-locularis. Semina pauca v. plurima; testa atra, crustácea, nitida;
carnoso; embryone perennes ; r a d i e i b u s ; foliis elongatis, raáicahhis subtrifariam
imbricatis, longe vaginantibus, vaginis membranaceis, uUinque vel subtus villis argentéis sericeis fu r fu -
raceis paleaceisve compressis ohtectis, basibus longissime dense villosis ; scapo erecto, pariter villoso, apice
ramoso.
The plants comprised in Astelia and Milligania are so different from most Liliácea, that they may be regarded
as a separate group, though whether entitled to rank as another Order or not must be a matter of doubt at present.
Most of them resemble some Melanthaceoe in habit far move than they do any Liliácea, and some oi them have
separable styles, but others have a single terminal style ; none have extrorse anthers, and aU have black crustaceous
integuments to the seed. Astelia consists of about ten species, chiefly natives of New Zealand (where most are
large epiphytes), but some inhabit the Polyuesiaii Islands, one Fnegia, and another the alps of Tasmania and Victoria,
and one is confined to Tasmania. Ail are herbaceous plants, witb thick fibrous roots, numerous naiTow
radical leaves, covered, as are all other parts in most of the species, with sUveiy, furfuraceous or wooUy hairs ;
many are dioecious.— in panicles or branched racemes, generally gi'een or yeUowish, seldom conspicuous.
Perianlh of the male campanulate or rotate, deeply six-lobed, of tbe female rotate or urceolate, sometimes enclosing
the fruit. Stamens six, inserted on the perianth, rudimentaiy in the female flower; filaments subulate or filiform;
anthers linear or broad. Ovamj one- or three-celled, with one three-lobed style, or tliree sessile stigmas.
B e r ^ globose ov ovoid, one- or three-ceUed, with many or few parietal or axile seeds. (Name from
wanting a stem.)
1. A s te lia alpina (Br. Prodr. 29 1 ); foliis linearibus lanceolatis ensiformibusve, panícula foeminea
densa, mascula laxa, antheris filamentisque brevibus, ovario oblongo, stigmatibus 3 subsessilibus, placentis
3 parietalibus, ovulis plurimis, seminibus paucis breviter oblongis, testa lævi nítida.— Bot. Misc. i.
p . 5. t. 3 ; Kunth, En. iii. 364. {Gunn, 762.)
H ab. Abundant on ail the mountains, in wet places.— (Fl. Dec.)
D i s t r ib . Alps of Victoria, Mueller.
The A. alpina forms dense matted tufts of silvery foliage on mountain bogs, etc.— Leaves very variable in
size, kngtli and toeadth, and tom, d -U inol.es long, lanceolate, ensitorm, or linear, with densely silky, villons,
memln anous, slieatliing bases. Seapc, shorter than the leaves, erect, also densely silky with long soft hairs ; female
bearing short, dense, bracteate panicles of flowers ; male panicle more lax and spreading. IB-acU leafy. Fermnti.
six-parted. Ovary linear-oblong, witli three very short stigmas and as many parietal placenta?, each with numerous
ovules on slender curved funiculi. Berry ovoid, fleshy, f inch long, bright red, with a few oblong, rounded,
polished black seeds, sweetish, eatable, greedily devoured by birds.
2. A s te lia sty lo sa (Mueller, MSS.); foliis anguste lanceolatis nervosis, panícula laxa ramosa, bracteis
ovato-lanceolatis membranaceis, perianthii laciniis linearibus membranaceis glabris, bacca globosa, stylo
gracile apice trifido, seminibus sub-6 reniformibus.
H a b . Mount Lapeyrouse, Stuart.
I have seen only a fragment of this very distinct species, sent by Dr. Mueller. It is at once distinguished from
A. alpina by the small globose berry, with a straight, slender style.—Leaves 14 foot long, 14 inch broad, white
beneath. Seape slender. Berry R-4- inch in diameter. Seeds about six, minute, shining and black.
Gen. X I II. MILLIGANIA, I I . f
Perianthium persistens, patens, fere ad basin liemisphiericum, 6 - (rarius 5-7-)partitura, segmentis imbricatis.
Stamina 6 , parva, segmentis inserta; filamentis brevibus, subulatis; antheris introrsis, versatilibus,
2-locularibus, polline subgloboso. Ovarium oblongum, basi perianthio immersum et eo adhmrens, 3-loculare.
Styli 3, discreti, subulati, recurvi; stigmata punctifonnia; ovula plurima, ángulo interiori affixa, ascendentia,
anatropa. Capsula oblonga, obtusa, profunde triloba, chartaceo-membranacea, ad medium tripartibilis,
loculis (stylis fissis terminatis) superne breviter loculicide dehiscentibus. Semina plurima v. abortu pauca,
ascendentia, linearia, curva; testa Crustacea, atra, nítida, utrinque subcarunculata v. apice appendiculata;
endopleura membranácea; albumine carnoso; embryone tereti, axillari.—Ilerbaee/a/iC caspitosa Tasmanica,
facie Asielim, v. villosa; r a d i c e / ¿ m a , / ’/m crassis; foliis lineari-ensifomnibus, siceis coriaceis;
scapo paniculato, ramoso, bracteato; fioribus pedicellatis, mediocribus, albis, bracteolatis; capsula Anguillaria.
This curious genus is apparently intermediate between Liliácea and Melanthacea, differing from the fonner in
the three separate styles, and the partially tripartible capsule, and from the latter in the more important characters
of versatile iutrorse anthers, and few linear seeds covered with a black brittle testa. Its general appearance is very
similar to Astelia, and it further agi-ees with that genus in the nature of tbe silky wool, the very coriaceous foliage,
tbe bemispberical base of the perianth, oblong capsule, and especially in the long seed. It difi'cvs from that genus
in tbe stmctuve and dehiscence of the capsule, which resembles in form, etc., that of Anguillaria. So much diversity
exists however in the form, placent<ition, and dehiscence of the fruit in Astelia, that much stress cannot be laid
upon that organ; and though the affinities of both Milligania ami Astelia are so obscure, I regard them as nearly
allied to one another, and both as members of the Asphoddea. (Named in honour of Dr. Joseph Milligan, Secretary
of the Tasmaniau Philosophical Society.)
1. M illig ama long ifo lia (Nob. in Hook. Kew Juurii. Bot. v. 296. t. 9 ); foliis elongato-linearibus
subgramineis basi parce villosis, pauicula luxa elfusa ramis gracilibus, bracteis bracteolisque membranaceis
linearibus lineari-lanceolatisve. {Gunn, 1388.)
I I a b . Franklin River, under shade of lluon Pines, Gunn; crevices of limestone clifi's, Gordon’s Eiver,
Macquarrie Harbour, Milligan.— (Fl. Dec., Feb.)
Mr. Gunn, who discovered this genus and species, states that, it grew iu company with some of the most peculiar
plants of Tasmania, llnon Pine, Anoplerus glondtdosa, Cenarrencs uiiida, and Bichea pandunifolia, all of which
are tjqiical of a most humid atmosphere. It so much resembles large sijccimens of Asidia alpina in habit and general
appearance, that its discoverer took it for that jilant; and he adds that the specimens were nearly three months
drying, between papers that were daily changed.—P/ajiis apparently growing in dense large tufts, with long, pendulous,
spreading foliage, aud erect scapes. Roots of stout, simple fibres. Siems of large plauts nearly 2 inches in
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